Mustard is different. Contraindications to the use of the drug

Calorie content and composition of mustard powder. His positive and Negative influence for health, possible harm. Recipes for dishes with seasoning and all the most interesting about it.

The content of the article:

mustard powder is the result of the processing of mustard seeds, a plant from the Cabbage family. To do this, they are dried and ground into dust, resulting in a homogeneous dry mass of almost white, yellow, beige or brown color. The powder is very soft to the touch, but has a not very pleasant, pungent and bitter smell. It tastes the same, so no one uses it in its pure and raw form. The homeland of the product is either present-day Afghanistan or China. In cooking, this ingredient is used to make mustard seasoning or as an additive to various dishes.

Composition and calorie content of mustard powder

The calorie content of mustard powder per 100 g is 378 kcal, of which:

• Proteins - 37.1 g;
• Fats - 11.1 g;
• Carbohydrates - 32.6 g;
• Dietary fiber - 5.9 g;
• Water - 7.3 g;
• Ash - 6 g.

• A, RE - 5 mcg;
• Beta-carotene - 0.03 mg;
• B1, thiamine - 0.3 mg;
• B2, riboflavin - 0.7 mg;
• E, alpha-tocopherol, TE - 4.2 mg;
• RR, NE - 6.4 mg.

• Potassium, K - 828 mg;
• Calcium, Ca - 365 mg;
• Magnesium, Mg - 453 mg;
• Sodium, Na - 67 mg;
• Phosphorus, Ph - 797 mg.

Digestible carbohydrates per 100 g:

• Starch and dextrins - 11 g;
• Mono- and disaccharides (sugar) - 21.6 g.

Useful properties of mustard powder

Here are the systems for which the benefits of mustard powder will be huge:

1. CNS. The product activates its work, invigorates a person, improves the conduction of impulses to the cerebral cortex. It is effective for neuralgia of various etymologies and stress, constant overwork, insomnia.
2. Endocrine. The spice is relevant for diabetes, low hormone levels thyroid gland, her inflammation. It strengthens this organ and protects it from the negative effects of environmental factors. It is an excellent ingredient for the treatment and prevention of goiter.
3. Urogenital. Mustard powder is effective in solving problems with frequent urination caused by infection of the corresponding channels with bacteria. It helps with cystitis, pyelonephritis, urolithiasis, salts and sands in the bladder and kidneys.
4. reproductive. This product are an assistant to women in the prevention of inflammation of the ovaries and uterus, erosion of its neck and cysts. It protects against various infections, including sexually transmitted ones.
5. digestive. Mustard is indicated for biliary dyskinesia, gastritis and colitis of viral origin, stool disorders, a feeling of heaviness in the stomach. It is recommended to eat in case of poor digestion of food and problems with the absorption of nutrients.
6. Integumentary. This is an ideal remedy for combating dry and sluggish skin, acne, dermatitis and other skin lesions. It has proven to be excellent in the treatment of eczema, alopecia, flaking and brittle nails.
7. Respiratory. Mustard powder prevents SARS, pharyngitis, laryngitis, bronchitis, tonsillitis, tonsillitis. With it, you can reduce the likelihood of rhinitis, tracheitis, sinusitis and catarrh. It also prevents the development of tuberculosis.
8. Musculoskeletal. The use of spices provides prevention of protrusion, sciatica, osteochondrosis, rheumatism. As a result, pain in the back and joints decreases, their mobility improves, they become stronger and less prone to fractures and dislocations.
9. Cardiovascular. Spice reduces the likelihood of developing angina and arrhythmia, heart attack and stroke. It prevents blood clots from forming and protects against varicose veins. All this is possible due to the presence of dietary fiber, phosphorus and potassium.

Harm and contraindications to the use of mustard powder

Strict contraindications to mustard powder are relevant in the following cases:

• Individual intolerance. It is manifested by a runny nose when inhaling the smell of the product, redness of the skin and its itching. It is not very common and mostly among children. An allergic reaction can also occur in pregnant women.
• Lactation. When breastfeeding, the milk will certainly become bitter in taste, which will increase the likelihood of the baby rejecting it.
• kidney disease. Emphasis should be placed on neoplasms and stones in this organ, its inflammation.
• Tuberculosis. With this disease, it is impossible to irritate the lungs with aggressive food, so everything spicy from the menu should be strictly excluded.
• Acidity in the stomach. This spice only worsens these indicators and leads to nausea, abdominal pain and even vomiting.

mustard powder recipes

Ways to use mustard powder

1. Mayonnaise. Sift wheat flour(60 g), fill it with water (15 ml) and rub the mixture well so that no lumps remain. Next, put it on low heat and, when it boils, add here lemon juice(1 tbsp), olive oil (3 tbsp), sugar (1 tsp), salt and mustard powder 1 tbsp. l. Wait until the mass thickens and turn it off. Then cool the mayonnaise and pour it into a jar.
2. Seasoning. This mustard powder recipe involves mixing it with cucumber pickle at the rate of 20 g of the first and 120 ml of the second ingredient. Next, the mass is rubbed well to remove all lumps.
3. egg oil. Boil 5 eggs, peel them and mash with a fork into a mush. Then salt the mass, mix with grated cheese (1 pc.), butter(2 tablespoons) and mustard powder (1 teaspoon). Then you just have to spread it on a loaf and serve it to the table. For those who like everything spicy, you can also use black pepper.
4. Marinade for meat. This the recipe will do for cooking both pork and beef or chicken. It requires dilution of mustard powder (10 g) in 300 ml of water. Here you also need to add soy sauce (1 tablespoon), lemon juice (20 drops), salt (1 teaspoon) and honey (30 g). Mix this composition well and soak the meat in it for 1-2 hours.
5. cucumbers. Wash them (1 kg), it is advisable to use gherkins. Then prepare the brine: mix the cooled boiled water(5 l), salt (6 tbsp) and sugar (1 tbsp). Then chop the garlic (10 cloves) and parsley (1 bunch). Divide all this evenly among 6 half-liter jars. Then fill them with cucumbers, which need to be poured with brine. After that, add 1 tsp. mustard and cover vegetables nylon cover. Store them in the refrigerator.
6. Sauce. To prepare it, carefully add orange juice (1 pc.) And the pulp of a twisted lemon without peel (1 pc.) into red wine (125 ml). Then chop one onion, ginger root and a quarter of hot pepper in a meat grinder. Add all this to liquid ingredients and put the mixture on fire. When it boils, add mustard powder, salt (1 tsp) and gelatin (20 g). Stir the mass well and leave it for 10 minutes on low heat.

Note! The most delicious mustard is made from whole grains. To do this, they need to be crushed or crushed with a blender to a powder state.

This product is very popular in the East - in Turkey, UAE, Morocco, Egypt. Here it is used not only in cooking, but also in medicine as an aphrodisiac. It is added to meat, fish, vegetable dishes. In Russia, this additive is also quite common, it is one of the most inexpensive.

Mustard can be prepared not only from powder, but also from grains, grinding them yourself. But neither one nor the other method has become a permanent practice of the population of Europe. This is due to the fact that in stores and on the market it is already sold finished product, diluted in the right proportions. True, buyers do not take into account that most often it contains a variety of preservatives.

In cooking, mustard powder is also used for breading cutlets to give them spiciness. In Latin, its name sounds like "Sinapis", this word means "harm to vision." This is due to the fact that when rubbing the seeds, tears begin to drip from the eyes.

About mustard how about important product It is said in the three main sacred books - the Bible, the Koran, the Torah. The grains from which the powder is made do not exceed 1 mm in diameter, they are considered one of the smallest. But at the same time, the concentration useful substances in one piece is much higher than, for example, in a pea of ​​black pepper. The bush on which they grow usually has a height of up to 3 m.

Mustard is fanned with mysticism, it is said that witches used it to cast curses on people. Obviously, this was a favorite product of the Egyptian pharaohs, since it was found more than once inside sarcophagi. The fact is that the kings considered the seeds of this plant a symbol of good luck.

They were also loved by Pope John XXII. It is said that every meal he added this ingredient to all dishes on the table, except for sweets.

The powder is obtained by processing three types of mustard - Sarepta, white and black, for some reason the former is more in demand in the CIS.

The largest supplier of this spice is India and China.

Mustard is so popular that a museum of the same name has even been created in the United States. It is located in the state of Wisconsin, and every first Saturday of the month in the morning there is a parade in her honor. Russia also has similar traditions: in 2015, they celebrated mustard day here and prepared 166 kg of seasoning right in front of the public.

Watch the mustard video:

Mustard powder is made from the pomace of mustard seeds. It has bactericidal and warming properties, therefore it is used in medicine for the treatment of colds, rhinitis, coughs, bronchitis, pneumonia. Baths with the addition of mustard powder help to cope with sciatica, joint pain, rheumatism and neuritis. Use the product according to the instructions, adhering to the indicated dosages.

Ways to treat a cold. For colds, the use of dry mustard will speed up recovery, as it has anti-inflammatory properties, increases blood circulation, and is a natural antiseptic.

For the treatment of cough, acute and chronic rhinitis, socks with dry mustard are used. On the feet there are important points responsible for the health of the gastrointestinal tract, pelvic organs, excretory, nervous and respiratory systems. If a person has been in the cold for a long time and froze, got caught in the rain or got his feet wet, then it is necessary to apply a method for prevention. This will prevent the development of the disease. The recipe is easy to use:

• We wash our feet and dry them thoroughly. It must be remembered that if even a drop of moisture remains, the powder will absorb it and will burn the skin severely. The result is a burn.
• We fall asleep dry mustard in socks, in the amount of 1 tsp. on the toe. Use cotton socks, synthetics will not work.
• We put them on our feet, and woolen socks over them to keep warm.

Mustard warms the feet well, and the heating is soft, which means it is suitable even for children. But before you put your feet in socks with mustard, you must first put on clean, thin socks. The same should be done for adults with sensitive skin.

How to soar legs?

Hot mustard foot baths - popular and safe way home treatment for colds. At that moment, when a person soars his legs, the vessels expand, blood circulation improves both in the limbs and throughout the body. Due to this, metabolic processes are activated, profuse sweating occurs, and then toxic substances are excreted. To soar your legs, you will need: mustard powder, a deep basin, a blanket or a blanket, a kettle with hot water, towel and warm socks.

• Pour into a bowl hot water(temperature 40-45 C). It is advisable to pour enough water so that it reaches the middle of the calves, and preferably to the knees.
• We pour mustard at the rate of 1 tbsp. l. per liter, for children ½ tbsp. l. You can dissolve the powder in advance in a small amount of water so that there are no lumps, and then pour it into a basin.
• Dip your feet in the mustard solution.
• We wrap ourselves in a blanket to sweat.
• As it cools, add hot water from standing next to kettle. Don't forget to stir the water before lowering your legs again. Otherwise, you can burn your feet.
• The duration of the procedure should be 20-30 minutes. At this time, for the best result, you can drink tea with raspberries, viburnum, honey.
• After the end of the procedure, wipe your feet, put on warm woolen socks and go to bed under a warm blanket. It is better to do foot baths at night.

It is advisable to do mustard foot baths every evening for 4-6 days. Except colds This method will get rid of nail fungus.

Taking a mustard bath

Hot water will open the pores, and mustard will remove the harmful toxins formed during the illness, improve the blood circulation of the skin.

• To take a bath, you need 400 gr. dry mustard.
• First, dilute it in a small amount of water, then pour it into a filled hot bath.
• The duration of the bath will be 5-10 minutes, then wash off the remains of mustard from the body with a shower. After the procedure, drink lemon and go to bed. You can not go outside, as you can provoke a deterioration in the condition.

We put mustard plasters

You can buy mustard plasters at the pharmacy. But do not forget to look at the expiration date, as there will be no benefit from expired mustard plasters.

• Pour warm water into a cup. If you bought mustard plasters in the form of a paper sheet with cells filled with dry powder, then this powder must first be leveled.
• We moisten mustard plasters in water and apply them to selected areas of the body. This may be the chest except for the heart area, or the back other than the spinal area.
• We cover warm towel to keep warm and leave for 5-15 minutes until a pleasant thermal effect persists.
• After the allotted time, we remove the mustard plasters, wipe the skin with a clean napkin and lie under a warm blanket for at least half an hour.
• If a strong burning sensation is felt during the setting of the mustard compress, the compress must be removed immediately to avoid burns.

Contraindications to the use of the drug

In order not to harm your health, you need to know the contraindications to the use of mustard powder:

• high body temperature;
• pregnancy, as it is possible to increase the tone of the uterus, which can lead to miscarriage;
• the presence of oncological diseases;
• tuberculosis;
• phlebeurysm;
• eczema, dermatitis, wounds and other damage to the skin;
• allergy;
• acute febrile condition;
• children's age up to two years. In the case of treating babies, it is necessary to consult a pediatrician before using any methods. An individual approach is needed here, for some children such procedures will not work even at an older age.

Dry mustard powder in cosmetology

Mustard powder helps to lose weight, remove cellulite, improve hair growth, keep the skin fresh and supple, and get rid of wrinkles.

Mustard in its composition contains essential oils, vitamins and trace elements. Thanks to this, mustard powder face masks have the following properties:

• improve the tone of the face;
• cleanse the pores of blackheads;
• normalize the secretion of the sebaceous glands;
• keep the skin supple, reduce the number of wrinkles.

04.03.2018

Mustard was almost the first seasoning that people supplemented food with, and it beneficial features known for a long time, but modern research has revealed that it can be not only beneficial, but also harmful to the body. Here you will learn interesting facts, including about such a popular option as Dijon mustard - what it is, what it is made of, how to cook it and much more.

What is mustard?

Mustard is a spicy, paste-like condiment that is made from the seeds of a type of plant called mustard: black (Brassica nigra), white or yellow (Sinapis alba) or brown (Brassica juncea) and other ingredients.

The name "mustard" is common in two senses: the plant from which the seeds are obtained and the seasoning from them.

Whole and ground seeds (mustard powder) are used independently in many recipes, making mustard one of the most commonly used spices around the world.

The seeds are also called dry mustard. Ready mustard is dry mustard combined with a liquid such as vinegar, wine, or even water to form a paste. Its texture and taste depend on the type of seeds used, how finely they are ground, and what other ingredients are added.

This popular seasoning is especially loved in Russia.

What mustard looks like - photo

general description

Mustard is a vegetable that belongs to the same family as broccoli and cabbage - Cabbage or Cabbage or Brassic (Brassicaceae) and Cruciferae (Cruciferae).

The mustard plant reaches a height of about 1.5 meters, it has an upright stem and taproot. Flowers golden yellow. Fruits in the form of pods, which contain small, tiny, about 1 mm round light-colored yellow seeds with a smooth surface.

Mustard is native to Asia Minor but is currently cultivated as one of the main commercial crops in Canada, India, China and temperate Europe.

What mustard is made of: composition

There are about 40 varieties of the mustard plant. Some are grown for their leaves, which are eaten as a vegetable in some parts of the world, others for their tiny seeds. Here are the main three types of plants from which the familiar seasoning is made:

• White or yellow mustard (Sinapis alba or Brassica alba): light straw-colored seeds yellow color and slightly more than the other two varieties. They have a soft edge. Originated in the Mediterranean, it is used to make an American mustard with a bright yellow color. It is the main ingredient in American mustard.

• Black mustard (Brassica nigra): small and very sharp seeds, cost more, so they are not as common. Mustard seeds are very pungent. This species is mainly distributed in South Asia. It is stronger in taste than the other two types.

• Brown mustard (Brassica juncea): originally from North India, its other names are gray-gray or Russian, as well as Chinese, Indian, Sarepta, it is a rather large brown grain. Many European mustards are made from brown seeds. Also used in Indian cooking.

Edible mustard greens are the leaves of the mustard plant and are often used in Indian, Chinese, Japanese and African cuisines. There are many different varieties of this green, ranging in leaf size, shape, and color from green to red and purple.

How to make seasoning mustard

When thousands of mustard seeds are ground, they form a mustard powder that can be used alone as a spice or added to other ingredients to make mustard.

For example, it is mixed with water, wine or vinegar, and other spices are added to make many varieties of the paste-like seasoning we call mustard. Depending on the liquids and spices used, it can be mild or very spicy.

Mustard, which is sold in stores, is made in one of two ways - from powder or grains. Outwardly, they do not differ, but grain is healthier and tastier than powder.

The reason is that in order to obtain mustard powder, oil is squeezed out of the seeds, and what remains is crushed. Valuable mustard oil is sold separately, and cheaper sunflower or soybean oil is added to the seasoning. Powder mustard it does not have a more burning, spicy aroma.

Here's how real mustard is made from whole seeds:

1. Mustard seeds are first cleaned, then crushed and deactivated.
2. The powder is then ground to fine flour and mixed with other ingredients.
3. This mixture is then allowed to ferment for several hours.
4. Then the mass is completely crushed, giving the mustard paste a very thin and creamy texture.

During production, it is important that the maximum temperature does not exceed 50 C, otherwise the precious mustard oils are destroyed.

Types of prepared seasoning mustard

Dijon mustard– originally prepared in Dijon (France), made from brown and/or black seeds, seasoned and unripe grape juice or white wine, wine vinegar, or a combination of all three. It is beige to yellow in color and is usually uniform in texture.

Creole - brown mustard seeds marinated in vinegar, crushed and mixed with horseradish. She is spicy and spicy.

german mustard– from soft to burning, spicy and slightly sweet. The consistency can vary from smooth to rough, the color from pale yellow to brown.

English - made from white and brown or black seeds, flour and turmeric. Usually a bright yellow hue and very pungent.

Chinese mustard- usually served in Asian restaurants as a dipping sauce for food.

American mustard– also called yellow because of its bright color. This mild, sweet-tasting condiment is popular as a topping for hot dogs and burgers. It is made from white mustard seeds mixed with salt, spices, and vinegar, usually with the addition of turmeric.

Honey mustard is sweetened with honey, syrup or sugar, its taste can be both hot and soft.

grainy mustard- made from a mixture of whole and crushed seeds, usually brown.

Bordeaux - it is made from a mixture of black and brown seeds, but the husk is not peeled, so it is darker. It is mixed with vinegar, sugar, large quantity tarragon and other spices. It has a sour-sweet taste.

Beer mustard is used as a liquid base in place of, or sometimes in addition to, vinegar. With less acidity, beer mustard is usually spicy in taste.

Russian (table) mustard- familiar to Russians spicy seasoning from brown mustard powder with the addition of vegetable oil, vinegar and salt.

Dijon mustard: what is it, a recipe for cooking at home

Hot, creamy taste French Dijon mustard is versatile and goes well with almost everything, which is why its popularity is high all over the world. What are the features, read on.

What is Dijon mustard?

Dijon mustard is a spready condiment based on white wine and brown mustard seeds, contains other spices, has a pale yellow color and slightly creamy texture, is used in both hot and cold meats and in salad dressings. Whole seeds can also be included in her recipe.

This name originally referred to a recipe for ready-made mustard, which since 1865 was made in the city of Dijon, the capital of Burgundy (a region of France in the eastern part of the country), which was famous for its special cuisine and its wines. The seasoning created there was considered the best for two and a half centuries.

In modern times, the term "Dijon mustard" has become generic, so any mustard using the basic Dijon recipe can be called Dijon.

One of the most important ingredients in traditional Dijon mustard is juice made from unripe grapes. This tart liquid gives it a characteristic aroma.

However, if you want to make it at home, lemon juice or vinegar are great substitutes. The recipe also includes white wine, and if you want authenticity by all means, use a white wine from Burgundy, such as Chablis or Burgundy Blanc (which are made from Chardonnay grapes).

What Dijon mustard looks like - photo

How to make Dijon mustard

The Dijon mustard recipe includes whole brown and yellow seeds, white wine, and wine vinegar.

Please note that before starting cooking, you need to let the seeds soak for 48 hours, and the finished seasoning must cool for another 24 hours to stabilize. But the actual cooking time is very short.

Classic whole grain recipe

What you will need:

• 4 tablespoons brown mustard seeds;
• 4 tbsp. spoons of yellow seeds;
• ½ cup dry white wine ( good quality such as Sauvignon Blanc or Chardonnay);
• ½ cup white wine vinegar.

How to cook:

1. Mix mustard seeds, wine and vinegar in a glass bowl. It is important to use glass because the acid can react with certain metals and change the taste. Cover with plastic wrap and let stand at room temperature for two days.
2. Now transfer the contents to the blender along with the salt and blend until you reach the desired consistency. It usually takes about 30 seconds to get a grainy texture.
3. Then move the mixture back to glass jar with a tight lid and refrigerate for another 24 hours before use.

it classic version Dijon mustard for a slightly crunchy texture. It will keep in the refrigerator for several months as long as tightly closed.

How is Dijon mustard different from regular mustard?

Dijon mustard, of course, differs from the “ordinary” one both in composition and in quality characteristics, the difference is clearly shown in the table and in the photo:

Smell and taste

Taste and smell vary depending on the type of mustard and ingredients. It acquires a spicy taste only when the seeds are crushed and combined with a liquid. Crushing and moistening mustard seeds or mixing mustard powder with water activates the enzyme myrosinase. It reacts and forms an essential oil, which gives a characteristic taste.

The darker the mustard seed, the sharper and tastier the seasoning from it:

• White mustard seeds are distinguished by a weak, sweetish aftertaste.
• Browns are first bitter from the outer husk, and then a strong burning taste develops.
• Blacks combine these features: they taste spicy, burning, spicy.

Sharpness can be adjusted by mixing different types seeds, for example, if black or brown mustard seeds are used solely for the spicy seasoning, then a combination of soft white and strong black mustard seeds may only add a little spiciness.

Also, the taste changes with the addition of other spices, such as tarragon, garlic, paprika, cinnamon, curry or honey, horseradish, etc.

The pungency of mustard seeds is caused by an enzyme called myrosinase. Myrosinase can be neutralized with heat. Although black mustard is considered extremely spicy compared to other varieties of mustard, it sweetens and softens when it is heated or toasted. The heat gives it a nutty flavor.

How to choose and where to buy mustard

When choosing mustard greens, look for clean, green leaves with no brown spots. The smaller, more tender spring leaves will be milder in flavor than the mature ones sold in summer and fall.

Mustard plant seeds are usually sold in stores in different forms Oh:

• whole dried;
• crushed (mustard powder);
• prepared in the form of a paste;
• in the form of oil.

Mustard powder should be uniform in color, well ground, with no signs of mold or moisture.

When buying ready-made seasoning, always pay attention to the list of ingredients. Some manufacturers add harmful preservatives, such as potassium pyrosulfite (E 224), which can cause nausea in sensitive people, headache or even asthma attacks.

Read the label carefully, the composition should indicate what the product is made of - mustard powder or grains. The latter is preferable, since such a seasoning has more nutrients and it tastes better.

Avoid mustard tinted with artificial dyes, it is better if the color is added with natural turmeric.

Look for Dijon mustard with the fewest ingredients. All you need is water, mustard seeds and vinegar (wine is best). Real mustard does not need a lot of preservatives, as it does not contain components that quickly deteriorate.

Mustard is usually readily available in supermarkets in the spice section, so research local grocery stores in your area.

If you find it difficult to choose a good ready-made mustard, pay attention to this online store - the quality is guaranteed and there is a seasoning for every taste.

Many brands include turmeric, paprika, or garlic, so keep these differences in mind when choosing a flavor.

If you buy whole grains, it is advisable to choose organically grown to avoid the risk of ingestion of harmful substances. You can buy excellent mustard seeds from global manufacturers in this section of the IHerb online store:

How and how much to store mustard

Mustard greens are placed in a plastic bag and stored in the refrigerator for 3-4 days.

Mustard powder will keep in a cool, dark place in an airtight container for six months, and whole seeds for one year. The shelf life of oil and paste is up to six months.

A jar of ready-made mustard can stand in the refrigerator for a long time without spoiling, but as soon as it is opened, the aroma and sharpness begin to disappear. Buy this seasoning in a small package and replace every few months.

A little over a year old mustard is still usable but loses its pungency.

The chemical composition of mustard

Mustard seeds are rich in phytonutrients, minerals, vitamins and antioxidants.

Nutritional value per 100 g of mustard seeds (Brassica juncea)

Health Benefits of Mustard

Mustard is very high in calories: there are 508 calories in 100 g of seeds. However, they are made up of quality proteins, essential oils, vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber, which makes them rich in health benefits.

What are the benefits of mustard seeds

Mustard seeds contain essential oils, as well as plant sterols - brassicasterol, campesterol, sitosterol, avenasterol and stigmasterol. Some of the glucosinolates and fatty acids in the seeds are sinigrin, myrosin, erucic, eicosanoic, oleic, and palmitic acids.

• The seeds are an excellent source of vital B vitamins such as folate, niacin, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine (vitamin B-6), pantothenic acid. They help in the synthesis of enzymes, for the functioning nervous system and regulate the metabolism of the body.
• In 100 g of mustard, 4.733 mg of niacin (vitamin B3) is part of the nicotinamide coenzymes that help lower blood cholesterol and triglycerides.
• The seeds contain flavonoid and carotenoid antioxidants - carotenes, zeaxanthin and lutein, as well as a small amount of antioxidants - vitamin A, C and vitamin K.
• It is an excellent source of vitamin E - gamma-tocopherol. Content about 19.82 mg per 100 g (about 132% daily requirement). Vitamin E is a powerful lipid-soluble antioxidant necessary to maintain the integrity of the cell membrane of the mucous membrane and skin, protecting it from harmful oxygen radicals.

Mustard is rich in healthy minerals, especially many of these:

• calcium - helps build bones and teeth;
• manganese - used by the body as a cofactor for the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase;
• copper - necessary for the production of red blood cells;
• iron is important for the formation of red blood cells and cellular metabolism.

The well-known mustard seasoning in the form of a paste consists of only 30% of the seeds. Thus, in order to benefit from the above vitals and nutrients, one would either have to eat mustard sprouts from 100 grams of mustard seeds, or at least 300 grams of prepared mustard.

The benefits of mustard for the human body

Valuable nutrients present in different parts mustard plants such as seeds, leaves and oil collectively offer great benefit for health along with a unique taste.

• Prevents cancer. As a member of the Brassicaceae family, mustard plant seeds are high in beneficial phytonutrients called glucosinolates, which are valuable in preventing various types of cancer. Bladder, colon and cervix. Various studies have shown that the anti-cancer effects of these components inhibit the growth of cancer cells and even protect against their formation.
• Treats psoriasis. Tiny mustard seeds are effective against psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. Experiments have confirmed their usefulness in the treatment of lesions associated with psoriasis.
• Have a therapeutic effect in contact dermatitis. Consuming mustard seeds helps in relieving the symptoms associated with contact dermatitis, heals the skin and reduces swelling.
• Improves cardiovascular system . Mustard oil has shown positive results in reducing the incidence of cardiac arrhythmias. The cardioprotective properties of mustard oil may be due to the presence of omega-3 fatty acids among other beneficial components.
• Controls diabetes. Mustard greens are great for diabetics. It helps neutralize the effects of oxygen-free molecules and protects against damage caused by oxidative stress in diabetics. The introduction of mustard oil into food helps in reducing the level of glycosylated proteins and serum glucose.
• Can lower cholesterol. The leaves of the mustard plant have the amazing ability to bind bile acids in the digestive tract, which makes it easier to remove these acids from the body. Bile acids usually contain cholesterol, so eventually the binding process helps lower cholesterol levels.
• Valuable for the health of women during the menopausal phase. The benefits of mustard for a woman's body are due to the presence of magnesium in the plant along with calcium, which stimulate bone health and prevent bone loss associated with menopause. This helps reduce the risk of osteoporosis.
• Treats cough for colds. It is a wonderful decongestant and expectorant that helps in clearing mucus in the respiratory tract. Mustard is also effective in the treatment of chronic bronchitis.

Mustard oil and its beneficial properties

Mustard seeds contain up to 36% vegetable, as well as essential oils, both of which are called mustard oil.

There are two ways to prepare mustard oil: by pressing and grinding.

1. The first way is to crush mustard seeds to get vegetable oil.
2. The second way is to grind the seeds, mix them with water and then extract the oil by distillation. In this variant low maintenance fat.

Mustard oil, colored red or brown, is widely used in North and East India and has many health benefits.

The essential oil contains the so-called glucosinolate, a valuable phytochemical that is responsible for the aroma of mustard.

According to medical research, they act against fungi, viruses and bacteria and have wound healing, anti-inflammatory, appetite stimulating and digestive properties.

It has been repeatedly noted that mustard glycosides prevent the formation of tumors, for example, in the liver.

Contraindications (harm) mustard

In general, mustard is considered safe, however, eating a large amount can bring not only benefits, but also harm to health. Here are some side effects from abuse:

• irritation of the mucous membranes of the digestive organs;
• heartburn, pain and discomfort in the stomach;
• exacerbation of gastrointestinal diseases.

With individual intolerance, mustard causes an allergic reaction.

The benefits and harms of mustard for the body depend not only on the dosage, but also on contraindications:

• allergy;
• gastritis;
• stomach ulcer;
• duodenal ulcer;
• enterocolitis;
• tuberculosis;
• kidney disease.

The use of different forms of mustard in cooking

Mustard is an indispensable ingredient in many dishes that use different parts of the mustard plant:

• Whole seeds - they are fried in oil until they burst, and then added to various vegetable dishes.
• Ground (mustard powder) - mayonnaise, mustard pastes are prepared from it, salad dressings and used for roasting meat and poultry.
• Ready-made pastas, sauces - they are often put in salad dressings along with egg yolk and butter, or as an addition to the main course.
• Greens - they are pre-cleaned by placing them in cool water for a while to precipitate sand and dirt, and then rinsed again until the water runs clear.

In most recipes, dry and cooked mustard can be substituted at a ratio of 1 teaspoon dry mustard = 1 tablespoon cooked mustard. In some cases, you will need to adjust the amount of liquid used in the dish - add it or use less.

Mustard is usually added towards the end of cooking and heated gently.

When adding mustard to the dough for bakery products, it will inhibit the growth of yeast, so more long time for lifting.

Here are some tips for eating mustard:

• Mustard frosting is great for cooking meat! Pork, baked chicken wings or thighs are amazingly delicious when baked in the oven and coated with mustard brown sugar icing.
• Very tasty with potatoes, for example, in salads. Try also adding some mustard to mashed potatoes, baked or fried potatoes just before baking in the oven.
• It also goes well with fish. Adding mustard to a marinade, rubbing fish before grilling, or serving sauce with a meal are all delicious options.

The use of French mustard beans (Dijon)

Dijon French mustard (in beans) is one of the delicious options This spicy seasoning and its use in cooking is very diverse. It can transform almost any dish.

• it great addition to sandwiches and obligatory - for sausage. The slight sourness of the mustard bean makes it the perfect combination for fatty foods. That is why it is so often served with homemade sausage.
• Great for meat - steaks, pork chops. Add a spoonful of grainy mustard to the sauce for even more appetizing flavor.
• Whole grain mustard is very good with lamb. This meat needs strong, rich flavors, so this seasoning complements it perfectly.

What can you substitute for mustard in a recipe?

If you don't have mustard powder, consider alternatives to replace it.

• Horseradish is from the same family as the mustard plant, but is made from the root, not the seeds. The similarity between the two makes it a great replacement. Horseradish is spicier than mustard, but loses its pungency when heated, and therefore only suitable for cold dishes. When using horseradish powder as a substitute, use half of what the recipe calls for mustard powder.
• Turmeric can also work as an alternative to mustard powder, as long as you don't mind the bright yellow it will color your dish. This spice has a mild mustard-like spiciness and similar bitter notes. For replacement, you can take exactly the same amount of turmeric.
• Wasabi powder is another option that will provide the same sharpness you expect from mustard. Like horseradish, it's spicier than mustard powder, so use it sparingly. Start by adding about half as much as the mustard recipe calls for, and add little by little to your desired taste.

Mustard powder is a product made from the pomace of mustard seeds. At the same time, the powder has many useful qualities that allow it to be used in cooking, household, cosmetology, medicine.

The advantage of dry mustard is its wide availability, low price and a large number of areas of possible use.

Mustard powder composition

Mustard Powder Vitamins:

• BUT. An element involved in the synthesis of hormones and metabolism. Important for maintaining the beauty, health of hair and skin. It is the most important element for the organs of vision.
• Beta carotene. The element is an antioxidant. In addition, it is a provitamin A. Its peculiarity is that it is not produced by the body on its own. To get vitamin A, it is necessary that beta-carotene comes from food and enters into a chemical bond with other substances.
• IN 1. Important for many body systems. In particular, the heart, digestive system, vascular and nervous systems.
• IN 2. Eliminates fragility of nails and hair, participates in the work of the thyroid gland and the synthesis of red blood cells.
• E. Stabilizes hormonal balance, has sedative abilities. It is an element that preserves the youth of the body. Important for skin, hair and nails. Helps to increase the elasticity of the walls of blood vessels.

Micro, macro elements:

• Iron. Provides the production of hemoglobin cells and immunity. Helps carry oxygen. Required for the functioning of the digestive system.
• Potassium. Normalizes blood pressure and pulse. Helps maintain a stable water-salt balance. Needed by the kidneys and intestines.
• Calcium. Refers to the main substances involved in the synthesis of bone cells. In addition, it helps lower cholesterol levels and stimulates metabolism.
• Magnesium. Stabilizes the work of the heart and nervous system due to sedative abilities. It has calming properties that are essential for the nervous system and heart.
• Sodium. Supports water-salt balance and provides neuromuscular connections.
• Phosphorus. Takes part in the synthesis of bone tissue cells. The high content of the mineral in tooth enamel protects them from destruction.

The use of mustard in folk medicine

Mustard applications

Dry mustard is often used in the treatment of colds. It has a warming effect, improving blood circulation at the site of application. The use of mustard plasters for bronchitis improves sputum separation. To do this, they are superimposed on the back and chest in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe lungs.

Mustard dressings help relieve inflammation and eliminate pain. Therefore, they are indicated for arthritis, rheumatism, radiculitis, inflammation of the sciatic nerve.

Putting mustard plasters on the neck helps to lower blood pressure.

Warming up the feet with mustard

Colds are quickly cured if you practice warming your feet with mustard powder. Procedures can be started at the first sign of an incipient ARVI. There are a large number of reflex points on the feet, the impact on which has a therapeutic effect.

The treatment consists in pouring mustard powder (1 teaspoon each) into each sock and putting it on dry feet. Since the recommended procedure time is 7 hours, it is optimal to carry it out at night.

Such treatment must be abandoned at elevated temperatures.

Soar your feet in water with mustard

Another effective remedy for colds, runny nose and coughs, is steaming the feet in a mustard solution. Pour hot water into the basin (T = 40C), add mustard (2 tablespoons), drip eucalyptus (mint, fir) essential oil.

The legs, lowered into the pelvis, are covered with a blanket from above. The procedure time is 15 minutes. If the water begins to cool, add hot water.

At the end of the procedure, you need to thoroughly wipe your feet and put on woolen socks.

mustard bath

After hypothermia or with SARS, it is useful to take a mustard bath. It is recommended to take it at night, because after taking it you need to lie down under the covers for several hours.

To prepare the mixture, you need to pour dry mustard (0.3 kg.) into a bowl and dilute with water. You should get a mixture of consistency, reminiscent of thick sour cream. Then pour it into a bath filled with warm water and stir.

You should immerse yourself in the bath for 5 minutes, take a shower and lie under the covers.

Healing liqueur

On the basis of mustard powder, you can prepare a liqueur. It helps to relieve headaches, get rid of sciatica and neuritis. It is recommended to drink 180 ml.

How to cook:

1. Mustard powder (30 gr.) Pour into a container.
2. Pour in milk / white wine (0.4 l.).
3. Boil.
4. Strain.

Mustard for constipation

Mustard improves the functioning of the digestive tract, so it is indicated for those who suffer from constipation. To do this, every day on an empty stomach, you should eat a certain amount of powder and drink it with water or milk. You should start with ¼ tsp. and gradually bring to ¾ tsp.

Elimination of toothache

Gargling with mustard solution helps relieve toothache. To do this, the powder must be diluted with water in a ratio of 1:20.

In addition, mustard strengthens the walls of blood vessels, has general strengthening properties, removes cholesterol.

The use of mustard in cooking

Traditionally made from mustard powder delicious seasoning. There are many ways to prepare it based on taste preferences. It can differ not only in taste, but also in sharpness.

Spicy mustard recipe

Known by another name - "Russian".

How to cook:

1. Mustard powder (0.3 kg.) Pour into a container.
2. Pour in warm water(0.5 kg.).
3. Mix.
4. Insist in a warm place overnight. The mixture should become thick.
5. Pour sugar (0.1 kg.), Salt (30 gr.), Vinegar (15 ml.), Black pepper.
6. Mix.

Sauce

Spicy but not overly spicy sauce will be appreciated by lovers of meat and fish dishes.

Components:

• Chicken egg - 2 pcs.
• Oil (vegetable) - 2 tbsp. l.
• Mustard powder - 1 tbsp. l.
• Sugar - to taste.
• Lemon juice - to taste.
• Vinegar - to taste.
• Capers - optional.

How to cook:

1. Boil, cool, peel, grind eggs on a grater.
2. Mix all ingredients.

Mustard in cosmetology

Mustard face masks are not as common as those for hair. But they sometimes act as a component that has a whitening effect. Dry mustard has proven itself well as a means of helping to put the body in order.

The benefits of dry mustard for hair

The use of mustard for hair care is not new. Despite the emergence of numerous professional cosmetics, mustard powder remains a popular remedy for many beauties.

Properties of mustard powder:

1. Increases blood flow to tissues and improves nutrition of the follicle. Which has a positive effect on the growth rate of hair.
2. The tool is recommended to be used primarily for oily hair. The powder has the ability to dry the scalp, normalizes the function of the sebaceous glands.
3. Differs in ability to disinfect and disinfect.
4. The rich composition helps maintain a beautiful and healthy look of the strands. The spice is able to restore the structure of the hair, moisturize and nourish dry and lifeless curls, and compensate for the deficiency of vitamins and minerals.

Spice-based masks are suitable for owners different type hair. The component can be combined with others natural ingredients, which allows you to use the cosmetic product even for owners of dry and thin hair. Most often, mustard powder is combined with olive oil, onions, honey, egg yolk, dairy products.

Rules for using dry mustard in hair masks

1. Thoroughly mix mustard with other ingredients.
2. The mask is applied to the scalp and distributed along the entire length of the hair. Vegetable oil applied before the mask will help protect the tips from overdrying.
3. Mustard should not be diluted with hot water.
4. After applying the mask, the head should be wrapped with a towel or a special cap.
5. Mustard mask is recommended to be carried out 1 time in 7 days.

mustard shampoo

The tool perfectly eliminates various contaminants, including dust and fat. In addition, this shampoo is characterized by the ability to normalize the sebaceous glands. This tool is intended for owners of oily hair and is not suitable for those who have dry hair.

How to use:

1. Spice (40 gr.) Pour into a basin.
2. Pour warm water (1 l.).
3. Stir.
4. Dip your head into the solution.
5. Thoroughly massage the strands and scalp.
6. Rinse with running water.

Mask for dry hair

The right combination of components stimulates hair growth and nourishes them with beneficial substances.

How to apply:

1. Mix the ingredients: dry mustard (20 gr.), sunflower oil(25 ml), sour cream (1 tablespoon), yolk (1 pc.).
2. Apply the mixture on your head.
3. Cover with foil and towel.
4. Wash off after 20 minutes.

Honey mustard mask

Regular use of the mask allows you to noticeably improve your hair, moisturize it and prevent split ends.

How to apply:

1. Mix honey (30 gr.), granulated sugar(1 tbsp.), dry mustard (20 gr.).
2. Mix mumiyo (2 tablets) in milk (75 ml.).
3. Combine the components, pour in retinol (1 capsule) and tocopherol (1 capsule).
4. Apply the mixture on your head.
5. Wash off after a quarter of an hour.

For oily hair

A special mask based on mustard powder will help to effectively cleanse the head of fat and dirt and normalize the functioning of the sebaceous glands.

How to apply:

1. Mustard powder (40 gr.) Dilute with water. You should get a thick mass.
2. Combine mustard mass with natural yogurt(2 tablespoons), oatmeal (1 tablespoon), lemon juice (1 tablespoon), honey (30 gr.).
3. Apply to the scalp.
4. Apply the remaining mass to the hair.
5. Wash off after 20 minutes.

Mustard mask to prevent hair loss

A simple mixture will enhance the nutrition of the hair follicles, activating the growth of new hairs, and strengthen the roots, preventing the loss of existing ones. In addition, the mask will help make the strands much softer.

How to apply:

1. Mix dry mustard (40 gr.) With water, bringing to a state of sour cream.
2. Apply on the head.
3. Cover your head with foil.
4. Wash off after a quarter of an hour.

Mustard-gelatin mask

Mustard powder in a duet with gelatin makes hair stronger and thicker, adds shine. The mask will appeal to those who like the effect of lamination.

How to apply:

1. Gelatin granules (1 tablespoon) are diluted in water and heated in a water bath.
2. Added yolk (1 pc.) And dry mustard (10 gr.).
3. The mixture is applied to the hair.
4. The head is wrapped in a film and a towel.
5. The mixture is washed off after 35 minutes.

mustard wraps

Wrapping helps to remove water and toxins from the body, reduce weight and remove extra centimeters. Mustard wraps should be done up to 3 times a week.

To get rid of cellulite and moisturize the epidermis, a mustard mask (0.25 kg.) And olive oil(0.3 l.). The mixture is applied to problem areas, which are wrapped in a film. It should be washed off after half an hour. If discomfort occurs, the mask is removed earlier.

For owners sensitive skin a more gentle mixture should be prepared. For this, mustard (50 gr.) Is combined with starch (0.2 kg.) And milk (0.3 l.).

Contraindications

You should stop using mustard when:

• Allergies.
• Under 2 years of age.
• Inflammatory processes in the kidneys.
• Tuberculosis.
• Oncology.

Seasoning can not be consumed internally when:

• Exacerbation of gastritis.
• Increased acidity of gastric juice.
• Peptic ulcer.

Foot baths are prohibited for varicose veins and high temperature. Mustard bath should also not be taken during pregnancy and hypertension.

Applications, masks, mustard baths are contraindicated for people suffering from skin diseases and having damage to the skin.

Mustard powder can be found in almost every home, as most women know many ways to use it.

In the article we discuss mustard - what the spice is made of. You will find out what the mustard plant looks like in the photo, what varieties it has. We will tell you how to choose and store seasoning, how to use it in cooking.

Mustard is a popular spice that is obtained by processing the seeds of the mustard plant. See how the mustard seeds look in the photo.

Appearance (photo) of mustard seeds

Mustard has been widely used in cooking, folk medicine and cosmetology. Both whole and ground seeds are used. Mustard oil is obtained from the seeds of the plant, and mustard powder is obtained from the cake, from which the well-known sauce is made.

Useful properties and contraindications to the use of mustard are saturated chemical composition spices. It contains fatty and essential oils, a complex of vitamins and microelements, linoleic, oleic, myristic, erucic, lignoceric and behenic acids.

Mustard has long been known for its warming properties. In the pharmaceutical industry, mustard plasters are made on its basis, which are used to treat colds in adults and children. Read more in the articles - and.

Mustard powder effectively eliminates cough. cooking recipes medicines based on spices, read the articles - and.

What does it look like

In order to understand what mustard looks like, look at the photo. The mustard plant has lyre-shaped or whole leaves. The apical inflorescences consist of 5-9 small yellow flowers. The fruits are spherical seeds hidden in a bicuspid pod.

Appearance of the mustard plant

How and where does it grow

Mustard is considered to be the birthplace of Asia, although there are references to this spice in the works of the ancient Greeks and Romans. Nowadays, the plant is found on the territory of Holland, France, China, India, the countries of Central Asia, Egypt and Pakistan. In Russia, mustard is grown in the North Caucasus, the Volga region and Siberia. Look at the photo, how the mustard grows.

You learned what kind of seasoning mustard is. Consider what varieties of mustard are, how they differ.

Types of mustard

There are about 40 plant species from which famous spice. The most common ones are black, white and Sarepta mustard. See how white mustard and black look in the photo.

Black or French mustard has a tart taste and a spicy aroma. Sauces are most often prepared from the seeds of this mustard.

White or English mustard is the mildest in taste, without a pronounced aroma. White mustard grains are 35% fatty oil, which is why they are often used to press mustard oil.

Sarepta or Russian mustard is the most spicy seasoning. She has a pronounced spicy taste and spicy aroma. The grains are 49% fatty oil, this type of mustard is used in the production of mustard oil.

Mustard is combined with other spices and herbs. As a result, many varieties of mustard-based sauces and spices are obtained. The most popular recipes are traditional English, sweet Bavarian, French Dijon and spicy Russian. You can familiarize yourself with the cooking method in the article -.

How mustard is made

Mustard makes a delicious sauce

Taste and smell of seasoning

Depending on the type mustard seeds get a milder or hotter sauce. For example, white mustard has the most mild taste and aroma, black, on the contrary, the most pronounced sharp taste and spicy smell.

The use of mustard in cooking

Mustard is used as an independent sauce or combined with other ingredients. For example, it is added to Provencal mayonnaise to give it a piquant touch.

What dishes are added

Mustard is used to prepare meat and poultry dishes. Mustard sauce forms a crisp on the surface of the meat, leaving it juicy and soft inside. Mustard is added to the marinade for preservation.

White mustard with a milder taste is added to vegetable dishes. It is used as a dressing for salads.

What spices goes with

Mustard is combined with coriander, red and black pepper, garlic, nutmeg, cloves and cinnamon. This spice can be found in the composition of ready-made seasonings, for example, curry, sambaar podi and panchporan.

You learned that mustard is a seasoning, and what dishes it is added to. We will tell you how to choose and store spices.

How to choose mustard

When buying mustard seeds, pay attention to their appearance. They should be uniform in color, without spots. The grains should be approximately the same size. When pressed, they should not crumble.

If you buy mustard in the form of a sauce, then choose the product in a glass container, not in a tube. This will give you an idea of ​​the color and consistency of the sauce. If a dark coating and oil stains are visible on the surface, this indicates that the product is spoiled. White mustard sauce is light brown, black mustard sauce is dark.

Pay attention to the composition. It should not contain extraneous additives in the form of starch, flavor enhancers, emulsifiers and preservatives. Presence allowed citric acid(E330) and curcumin (E100).

For more information about mustard, see the video:

How to store mustard

Mustard is stored in a tightly closed glass container in a dark place at a temperature not exceeding 10 degrees. The finished sauce retains its beneficial properties for 45 days.

Contraindications

Contraindications to the use of mustard:

• inflammation of the kidneys;
• increased acidity of gastric juice;
• exacerbation of gastric diseases (gastritis, ulcer);
• tuberculosis;
• individual intolerance;
• children's age up to 2 years.

Mustard should not be used externally for skin diseases, irritation and itching. When using mustard plasters, strictly follow the recommendations for the time of the procedure in order to prevent skin burns.

What to remember

1. Mustard has been used in cooking, folk medicine and cosmetology.
2. Mustard has anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects.
3. There are about 40 plant species from which mustard is obtained. The most common of them are black, white and Sarepta mustard.
4. The spice enhances blood circulation and normalizes digestion.