What do you need to open a retail outlet selling chocolate, tea, coffee? Acceptance and sale rules. Chocolate and cocoa powder are accepted in batches What documents are needed to sell chocolate

Workplaces of sellers before the start of trade are provided with all confectionery products available in the store.

In shops, departments (sections) of self-service, some confectionery products are prepackaged with their packaging in cellophane and other packaging materials permitted by the USSR Ministry of Health.

Confectionery products entering the trading floor are carefully checked for quality, sorted and placed by type and grade:

1. Weighted caramels, dragees, wrapped candies and others are poured into boxes and cassettes of counters and wall cabinets;

2. Weighted biscuits, waffles, soft candies, fruit and berry and chocolate products are placed on the inner shelves of the counters in the supplier's packaging (boxes, boxes);

3. Cakes, rolls, muffins are displayed on the shelves in factory trays and on sheets;

4. Cakes and pastries with cream or fruit finishes are placed in refrigerated display cases and refrigerated cabinets;

5. Packaged confectionery products are placed on counters, shelves and slides.

In show-windows of counters samples of commercially available confectionery products of all types and grades are exhibited. Samples of open confectionery products are displayed in inventory baskets, vases, dishes, bags, etc.

Sale of confectionery

The sale of confectionery products is carried out in pre-packaged form, by the piece, as well as by weighing in the presence of the buyer.

Wrapped sweets are allowed for sale by the piece. For sweets sold by the piece, a higher trade organization approves a price list indicating the name of the product and the price per piece.

The release of goods that do not have factory packaging (cakes, open sweets, weight cookies, etc.) is carried out in clean containers (bags, boxes, paper) with the obligatory use of tongs, spatulas, scoops and other equipment.

It is forbidden to use the same scoops for dispensing confectionery and other food products (cereals, salt, etc.).

Sale is prohibited:

1. Confectionery products with expired warranty periods of storage;

2. Cakes and pastries with custard and whipped cream in enterprises where there is no refrigeration equipment;

2. Scrap confectionery.

At the direction of the higher trade organization, the scrap of confectionery products formed in the process of sale is subject to transfer to industrial enterprises for processing.

Sellers are required to monitor the quality of the goods sold.

After the expiration of the warranty periods of storage, confectionery products are withdrawn from sale and presented to the state inspection for the quality of goods or sanitary supervision authorities to resolve the issue of their further use.

Employees who trade in confectionery products must be familiarized with these Rules by the administration of enterprises.

Tell me, are you by any chance one of the people who cannot imagine their life without chocolate? Yes? You are not alone! It is precisely because of the mass nature of consumers of these products that manufacturers and sellers of chocolate have always been able to survive any crisis times without much loss. Therefore, if you are thinking about starting this kind of business, we suggest that you figure out together how to open a chocolate shop.

Basic moments

There are several options for doing this. First of all, you can simply open a chocolate boutique selling confectionery products that you will purchase from suppliers. You can also establish your own production and sell products either through your store or through distribution networks.

Advantages of the chocolate business

The advantages of this type of activity include the following points:

• constant demand for products (it's hard to imagine a time when people stop buying chocolates);
• small start-up capital (in case you plan to make chocolate in small quantities for retail sale, and not large-scale production);

• lack of difficulties in the technology of production of chocolate products: at the initial stage it is not difficult to master the basic tricks of the process, later you can use your skills and experience to create your own recipe;

• high income: according to experts, entrepreneurs engaged in this area may well expect a profit of 200%.

disadvantages

Like any other business, the chocolate business, in addition to its advantages, has its drawbacks. These include the following:

• In order for your products to be competitive, you need to make them unique and attractive to the consumer, which is not such an easy task in today's diverse chocolate market.
• Even if you are planning to open a large enterprise, you are unlikely to be able to compete with the main leaders in the production of confectionery products, since they have been working on developing their own brands for many years and investing a lot of money in their promotion and advertising. However, within the same city, you can easily take a place in the niche of this product.

How to open a chocolate shop with your own small production

This option is optimal for start-up entrepreneurs who do not have large amounts of money for the initial investment. So, if you want to retail the chocolate you have created, the business plan for such a business, first of all, should include clauses about renting a room and purchasing the necessary production and commercial equipment.

Choose a store format

If you decide to open a chocolate boutique, then first you need to decide on its format. So, you can focus exclusively on exclusive products of your own production or, in addition, cooperate with other suppliers.

In addition, you can offer your customers the creation of chocolate products to order. You also need to decide on the price category of your products: it is desirable that a wide range of products of various prices be available for sale, which will attract more customers to your boutique.

We select a room

When thinking about how to open a chocolate shop, every aspiring entrepreneur thinks about where to place his boutique. It is advisable to select places with high traffic: for example, you can rent a room in a large shopping and entertainment center.

If you prefer a street format store, then give preference to busy pedestrian streets. As for the area, you can start a business with a small department of 10-12 square meters. However, the optimal area of ​​a chocolate shop is 30 square meters.

Boutique design and equipment

Particular attention should be paid to the selection of a suitable design for your store. As a rule, for the design of boutiques of this kind, chocolate and cream tones are used to match the color of the product you are selling.

Also, do not forget about stylish shelving and refrigerators for storing confectionery. In addition, your store must be equipped with air conditioning, as when the temperature rises, chocolate loses its presentation very quickly.

Recruitment

Understanding the intricacies of how to open a chocolate shop, you need to pay attention to hiring qualified workers. For a small boutique, one salesperson per shift will suffice. At the same time, it is necessary either to select an employee who has experience working in establishments of this kind, or to conduct appropriate training so that the employee is well versed in the assortment, can help customers with their choice and knows how to decorate gift sets beautifully.

If you are going to sell your own products, then for its production you will need to hire a professional confectioner who knows all the secrets of this process.

Range

You can quickly attract loyal customers if your boutique offers customers a wide range of products, including confectionery with a wide variety of fillings, various types of chocolate (black, white, milk, with and without additives), truffles, figures and chocolate fountains . It also makes sense to put up for sale goods dedicated to various holidays. These goodies sell out very quickly.

Advertising and promotion

For the first time of your chocolate boutique, do not be too lazy to spend time and money on its active advertising. Think over a bonus system for regular customers, arrange product tastings, give customers small gifts when making a purchase for a large amount, etc. Also, such a business can be actively promoted using social networks.

Chocolate making equipment

If you are planning to open a shop with a small workshop for the manufacture of chocolate products, then you will not need to purchase a whole production line, including expensive units.

So, it is quite possible to get by with a high-quality oven and refrigerators.

However, if you are planning a large-scale production, then you cannot do without the appropriate equipment. As a rule, such a production line is intended for the production of high-quality chocolate, dehydrated chocolate paste, figured chocolate, icing for ice cream and confectionery coatings, chocolates (both with and without filling) and molding of candies and bars.

We offer you to find out in more detail what equipment is used for chocolate.

For the production of products with or without fillers, a special chocolate casting line is designed. With it, you can make both sweets and tiles (in one or three stages, depending on the design of the unit). Also, chocolate production equipment includes a tempering machine. It allows you to get a homogeneous chilled chocolate mass with a stable form of cocoa butter.

Conches are used to remove excess moisture and tannin residues from the raw material itself. The chocolate mill is used for the production of natural product, chocolate with vegetable oils, as well as chocolate and cocoa mass. The ball mill is used to grind and mix chocolate and cream masses.

Forms for the production of chocolate are designed to give the confectionery the desired look. Since this equipment is quite complex, it will have to cost at least 10 million rubles to purchase it. In this regard, not every novice entrepreneur can afford to open such a business.

Today we briefly talked about how to open a chocolate shop, introduced you to the equipment needed to produce this beloved delicacy. We hope that this information will help you, and soon we will be able to visit your chocolate boutique.

Good day, Marina!

Permits from the SES for the compliance of the outlet with the requirements of SUNpin must be obtained in advance. From suppliers it is necessary to request shipping documents, as well as documents confirming the quality and safety of food products. Packing of goods by weight by the seller is not prohibited by law. In addition, all employees must have health books, including accountants and store directors (the latest changes in legislation.

Sincerely.

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7. The applicant submits a notification in 2 copies to the authorized body directly or sends it by registered mail with a list of attachments with a return receipt or in the form of an electronic document signed with an enhanced qualified electronic signature of the applicant.
Directly to the multifunctional center, the applicant submits a notification in one copy on paper.
If a notification is submitted directly to the authorized body, the date of its submission is the day of registration of the notification with the authorized body. When a notification is sent by mail, the day of its submission is considered the day of sending the postal item. When a notification is sent in the form of an electronic document, the day of its submission is the day of registration of this document in the electronic document management system of the authorized body.
When a notification is submitted directly to the multifunctional center, the day of its submission is considered the day of registration of the notification in the multifunctional center.

9. The official of the authorized body responsible for accounting for notifications received, on the day of receipt of the notification, registers it and puts a mark on both copies of the notification indicating the date of its receipt and registration number.
One copy of the notice remains with the authorized body, and the second is handed over (sent) on the day of registration to the applicant.
If a notification is submitted in the form of an electronic document, the official of the authorized body responsible for accounting for the notifications received, on the day of its registration, is obliged to send to the applicant a confirmation of receipt of the notification in the form of an electronic document signed with an enhanced qualified electronic signature of the authorized body.

If a notification is submitted to a multifunctional center, an official of the multifunctional center generates an electronic image of the notification, which is sent to the authorized body in electronic form using an enhanced qualified electronic signature, marks the notification with acceptance and returns to the applicant.

Sincerely, lawyer Sergey Nesterov.

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received
fee 33%

Lawyer, Samara

Marina, first of all, you need to notify Rospotrebnadzor about the start of activities (excerpt, because the document is voluminous)

6. Additionally, information on the following changes shall be reported to the authorized federal executive body:
(as amended by Federal Law No. 133-FZ of July 28, 2012)

(see text in previous edition)

1) change of the location of the legal entity and (or) the place of actual implementation of activities;
2) change of the place of residence of an individual entrepreneur;
3) reorganization of a legal entity.

(see text in previous edition)

8. The Government of the Russian Federation establishes the form of notification of the commencement of certain types of entrepreneurial activity and the procedure for submitting such notifications to the authorized body of state control (supervision) directly or through a multifunctional center, including in the form of electronic documents, as well as the procedure for their accounting.
(As amended by the Federal Laws of July 27, 2010 N 227-FZ, of June 25, 2012 N 93-FZ, of July 28, 2012 N 133-FZ)

(see text in previous edition)

9. Legal entities, individual entrepreneurs that carry out the types of activities specified in Part 2 of this Article, in the event of failure to submit notifications of the commencement of certain types of entrepreneurial activities or submission of such notifications containing false information, shall be liable in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

obtain permission from the SEC or other authorities

As such, you do not need to obtain permits to carry out the activities you indicated (besides, there is no “SES”, this abbreviation means Rospotrebnadzor).

What documents to request from suppliers?

Declaration of product quality is now carried out voluntarily. In case of low-quality goods, the Buyer has the right to make claims against you as the seller.

Can an individual entrepreneur pack goods on his own and what documents and permits are needed for this?

You can pack the goods yourself, however, on the packaging you must indicate information about the product, according to the Consumer Protection Law, no permits are needed

Law on Consumer Protection

Article 10. Information about goods (works, services)

1. The manufacturer (executor, seller) is obliged to provide the consumer with the necessary and reliable information about goods (works, services) in a timely manner, ensuring the possibility of their correct choice. For certain types of goods (works, services), the list and methods of bringing information to the consumer are established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

2. Information about goods (works, services) must contain:

the name of the technical regulation or other designation established by the legislation of the Russian Federation on technical regulation and indicating the mandatory confirmation of the conformity of the goods;
information about the main consumer properties of goods (works, services), in relation to food products, information about the composition (including the name of food additives, biologically active additives used in the process of manufacturing food products, information about the presence in food products of components obtained using genetically engineered organisms, if the content of these organisms in such a component is more than nine tenths of a percent), nutritional value, purpose, conditions for the use and storage of food products, methods for preparing ready-made meals, weight (volume), date and place of manufacture and packaging (packaging) of food products, as well as information on contraindications for their use in certain diseases. The list of goods (works, services), information about which should contain contraindications for their use in certain diseases, is approved by the Government of the Russian Federation;
the price in rubles and the conditions for the purchase of goods (works, services), including when granting a loan, the amount of the loan, the full amount payable by the consumer, and the repayment schedule for this amount;
warranty period, if any;
rules and conditions for the efficient and safe use of goods (works, services);
information on the energy efficiency of goods in respect of which the requirement for the availability of such information is determined in accordance with the legislation on energy saving and on improving energy efficiency;
service life or shelf life of goods (works), established in accordance with the Law on the Protection of Consumer Rights, as well as information on the necessary actions of the consumer after the expiration of the specified periods and possible consequences if such actions are not taken, if the goods (works) pose a danger after the expiration of the specified periods for the life, health and property of the consumer or become unsuitable for its intended use;
address (location), company name (name) of the manufacturer (executor, seller), authorized organization or authorized individual entrepreneur, importer;
information on the mandatory confirmation of the conformity of goods (works, services) specified in paragraph 4 of Article 7 of this LOZPP;
information on the rules for the sale of goods (performance of work, provision of services);
an indication of a specific person who will perform the work (provide a service), and information about him, if it matters, based on the nature of the work (service);
an indication of the use of phonograms in the provision of entertainment services by performers of musical works.

If the product purchased by the consumer was in use or a defect (shortcomings) was eliminated in it, the consumer must be provided with information about this.

3. The information provided for in paragraph 2 of this article is brought to the attention of consumers in the technical documentation attached to the goods (works, services), on labels, markings or in another way accepted for certain types of goods (works, services). Information on the mandatory confirmation of conformity of goods shall be submitted in the manner and in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation on technical regulation, and includes information on the number of the document confirming such conformity, on its validity period and on the organization that issued it.

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Chocolate and cocoa powder are taken in batches. A batch is considered to be products of the same type, variety and name, produced in one shift and issued with one quality document.

The quality document must contain:

Name of the manufacturer, its subordination and location;

Name of product;

Production date;

Confirmation of compliance of product quality with regulatory and technical documentation;

Designation of regulatory and technical documentation.

Carry out the acceptance of goods by employees of the store, who are responsible.

Acceptance of goods in the store includes:

Checking the quantity of goods received, their quality and completeness

Registration of acceptance with the relevant documents

Acceptance of goods.

When accepting goods, store employees must make sure that their characteristics (name, quantity, price, etc.) comply with the data of transport and accompanying documents. The bill of lading is used when delivering goods by road. It is issued by the supplier in four original copies and consists of two sections - commodity and transport. The second copy of the invoice remains in the store and serves as the basis for the acceptance of goods.

During acceptance, it is imperative to check the availability of information on certification and expiration dates on the packaging of goods and in the accompanying documents.

If the quantity and quality of the goods correspond to the data specified in the accompanying documents, then this is confirmed by the imposition of a store stamp on them. The financially responsible person who accepted the goods puts his signature on the accompanying documents and certifies it with the round seal of the trade organization.

Sale rules:

Chocolate in the form of small bars is laid with a corkscrew, zigzags or stars, and large chocolate bars (1 - 2 bars each) are put up for display in a prominent place under the showcase.

Cocoa powder is displayed on a separate rack next to coffee and tea.

1.6. Analysis of the retail sale of chocolate on the example of the trading enterprise "Dixie"

Buyers have free access to all goods laid out on the trading floor on the equipment, a full opportunity to inspect and select them on their own without help.

With self-service, the functions of sellers are reduced to consulting buyers, laying out goods, replenishing their stocks during the working day on the trading floor. Security control.

The assortment of the Dixy store includes the following varieties of chocolate: dark, milk, white, diabetic.

Cocoa powder: red price.

Acceptance of chocolate and cocoa powder in the store is carried out by sellers. First, the presence of all accompanying documents is checked: invoices, quality certificate, and then appearance, quality, quantity. Then the goods go to the trading floor. For sale to customers, chocolate is displayed in a prominent place, and cocoa powder is placed on racks next to tea and coffee.

Prices for chocolate range from 45 to 100 rubles. for piece goods, and for cocoa from 50 rubles.

For example, Milka milk chocolate with caramel. Manufacturer OOO "Mon'delis Rus". Vladimir region, Petushinsky district, Pokrov, st. Franz Stollwerk, 10.

When laying out the goods, the product proximity was observed, the appearance of the goods meets the standards, the packaging is without damage, without foreign smell.

Chocolate is a sought-after product that is popular all over the world. He is loved by both children and adults. After all, this is not only a delicacy, but also a useful product that reduces stress, energizes and stimulates mental activity. The chocolate business is a pleasant investment. It features a significant initial investment and high profitability.

The prospects of the chocolate business

Russians love chocolate: not a single holiday is complete without it, and even on weekdays, few people refuse to treat themselves to this delicacy. In addition, chocolate is widely used as a gift - from an ordinary bar to a set of elite sweets and handmade figurines. Therefore, the demand for chocolate is stable in any economic situation. During the holidays, the demand for chocolate increases 3-4 times. Moreover, according to some reports, sales increase by 1.5-2 times every year. All these factors make the production and sale of chocolate a promising business area.

Huge selection of chocolates

Business Ideas

There are several options for organizing a business related to chocolate - from the sale of ready-made European chocolate to the production of unusual chocolate bars.

chocolate boutique

The easiest option is to open a chocolate shop where ready-made chocolate from foreign and Russian manufacturers will be sold. The simplicity of this business lies in the fact that you do not need to bear the cost of purchasing equipment, renting a workshop, hiring confectioners and technologists. It is enough to rent an outlet in a place with a good flow of potential consumers (for example, in a shopping center or in a business part of the city), to hire several sales assistants. Of course, in this case, you will have to invest in the purchase of chocolate (up to 1 million rubles).

The range of chocolate boutique includes thousands of items

Typically, chocolate boutiques cater to upper-middle-income consumers who are in high demand for high-end chocolate. Among Russian manufacturers, these are Korkunov, U Palych, Konfael, but European manufacturers (Belgian, Swiss, German, Italian, American) certainly set the brand. These are the world famous brands Toblerone, Amedei, Wittamer, MoserRoth, Leonidas, Ghirardelli and others.

It is reasonable to open a small cafe with hot chocolate and various chocolate desserts for a boutique. The aroma of hot chocolate in the boutique will encourage customers to buy sweets, and you can attract attention with the help of a chocolate fountain. Some cafes add a glass wall to the kitchen so customers can watch the handmade treats being made.

To prepare a hot drink, melt chocolate pieces in milk.

Chocolate production line

An automated chocolate production line is expensive equipment, but it allows you to produce large volumes of products and minimize human intervention in the production process. To establish such a production, you will need an experienced technologist.

Chocolate and handmade sweets

Handmade chocolate is usually made from ready-made chocolate: it is tempered (melted), after which nuts, fruits, spices and other ingredients are added, and then new bars are formed. Such chocolates look very attractive, so they are in demand as an original gift. The same goes for handmade sweets. Usually, Belgian chocolate is used as the raw material, as it has an amazing taste.

And from sweets you can even make chocolate bouquets.

A bouquet of chocolates looks very unusual

Fruits in chocolate

Fruits in chocolate are a great alternative to regular chocolates, in which the inscriptions "strawberry", "cherry" most often mean fudge with the addition of flavors. Citrus fruits, bananas in chocolate - a natural delicacy that will delight relatives and is suitable as a present. The disadvantage of such products is a short shelf life. And the main advantage is that you don’t need to bother with the independent production of chocolate, it’s enough to buy high-quality tiles without additives and melt them.

Most often, strawberries are covered with chocolate, but there are other options: cherries, tangerine and orange slices, kiwi

Chocolate figurines

Chocolate figurines are often used as a romantic gift. They do not have a very long shelf life, and due to the fact that the figurines are usually made by hand, their cost is quite high. Small figurines cost 80-200 rubles, and large compositions cost the consumer several thousand rubles. To implement them, you can open your own store or make products to order.

Chocolate hearts are usually chosen as a gift for a beloved girlfriend or wife, children like figurines of animals and cartoon characters, and it is quite possible to give a car enthusiast a chocolate car of his dreams. There are also neutral themes. For example, the boss is presented with a horseshoe as a symbol of good luck or a chocolate million dollars. Chocolate paintings and medals are in demand. Corporate clients demand chocolate figurines with a corporate brand, which are usually ordered in large quantities as a present for clients and business partners, company employees.

Large chocolate figurines are usually made hollow

Chocolate cakes and pastries

Another chocolate product is chocolate cakes. The easiest way is to make them to order. Cakes to order with personalized greetings are popular products that are bought for children's and adults' birthdays, corporate parties, New Year's holidays, March 8, anniversaries, weddings and more.

Chocolate cake with the name of the hero of the day - a great gift

Where to start: registering a business

You can organize a chocolatier business in any form convenient for you. If you plan to start with a small amount of investment, register as an individual entrepreneur and choose one of the simplified taxation systems. If you plan to do business with partners, it is better to establish a limited liability company. Are you planning to sell chocolate in bulk to large customers? The LLC format would be preferable.

The registration procedure itself is simple, the tax office registers individual entrepreneurs and LLCs within three days. Provided that you properly prepare the documents.

Documents for registration of IP:

• application for state registration of IP in the form P21001 - filled out by hand or in printed form;
• a copy of the passport (during a personal visit to the tax office, you must also provide the original so that the inspector compares the data);
• a copy of the certificate of assignment of an individual tax number (TIN);
• original receipt for payment of state duty (800 rubles).

Documents for registration of LLC:

• application in the form P11001;
• the decision of the sole founder or the protocol of the general meeting of founders on the establishment of the LLC;
• charter of LLC (2 copies);
• receipt of payment of state duty (4 thousand rubles);
• documents confirming the presence of a legal address.

If you plan to make chocolate yourself, then choose the following codes for the classification of types of economic activity (OKVED):

• 15.84 - Manufacture of cocoa, chocolate and sugar confectionery;
• 52.61 - Retail sale on orders;
• 52.62 - Retail trade in stalls and markets;
• 52.63 - Other retail sale outside stores.

Permits

Since the manufacture of chocolate belongs to the food industry, it is necessary to notify Rospotrebnadzor (which now functions as a sanitary and epidemiological station) about the start of activities. Rospotrebnadzor will be able to conduct a scheduled inspection only after three years, and an unscheduled one - if you receive a complaint. It is necessary to provide the recipe to Rospotrebnadzor in order to obtain a certificate of conformity.

Another instance is the fire department. It issues a conclusion on the compliance of the working premises with the standards (availability of communications, fire protection system, ventilation).

Chocolate production is regulated by the national standard GOST R 52821–2007, adopted in 2010. GOST contains general specifications: it defines the composition of various types of chocolate, its taste and smell, texture, appearance, requirements for raw materials, labeling, packaging, etc.

Room selection

If you plan to only produce chocolate without opening a retail outlet, then the location of the workshop does not matter. You can even place it in the suburbs, as rent is usually cheaper there. When opening a chocolate boutique, it is better to choose a place with high traffic - in the city center or in a shopping center. The store is best placed in a shopping center next to gift shops.

It looks like an equipped room for chocolate production

As for the requirements for the workshop, they are standard - as for any food production: an area of ​​​​40 square meters, good ventilation, the presence of heating, hot and cold water. Walls up to a height of 1.5 meters must be tiled, above the level of 1.5 meters - covered with non-toxic paint.

The room should be divided into several functional areas: a place of direct production, a warehouse for raw materials and finished products, a rest room for employees, a toilet. The warehouse of raw materials and products must be at a constant temperature - 16 degrees. After all, if the temperature regime is not observed, the finished chocolate will melt and then solidify, which will lead to the formation of an ugly white coating.

Can you make chocolate at home?

Unfortunately, when running a legal business, food production in an apartment or a private house is prohibited. Even if you plan to make a small volume with your own hands, it is necessary to remove the production premises from the housing stock. And to do this for a room in a residential building will not work.

Staff

For a chocolate workshop, you will need a confectioner-technologist, workers, equipment maintenance personnel, a loader, a driver with a truck, a cleaner, an administrator, a sales manager, an accountant, a manager. And if there is a store, then there are sales assistants. Of course, at first you can do with small forces, but still you will need a technologist. You can perform the rest of the functions yourself, it is better to outsource something (for example, accounting, equipment maintenance and transport services).

In order for chocolate products to be in demand among consumers, care should be taken to hire highly qualified personnel.

In addition, the chocolate business often becomes a family business, so feel free to involve your wife (or husband), parents, adult children. If you do not have experience in the field of chocolate production, it would be useful to take specialized courses (their cost is about 15 thousand rubles).

All employees working directly with chocolate must have health books.

Raw materials

Ready-made chocolate can be used as a raw material - just melt it, add your ingredients, pour into molds and cool. But if you're planning on making chocolate from scratch, you'll need cocoa powder, cocoa butter, and powdered sugar.

The fruits of the chocolate tree are cocoa beans, from which powder and butter are made.

They are inexpensive: cocoa powder - about 120 rubles, cocoa butter - 66 rubles, powdered sugar - 55 rubles per kilogram. GOST allows the addition of carob (carob) to chocolate, which is half the price of cocoa powder - about 60 rubles per kilogram. And cocoa butter can be partially replaced with vegetable (palm) - it costs about 50 rubles per kilogram. And also as a cheaper substitute for cocoa butter, milk fat, peanut and coconut oil are used. The use of such additives makes it possible to save up to 10% on raw materials.

But it should be borne in mind that the use of cheaper ingredients affects the taste of chocolate. So if you plan to produce elite chocolate and emphasize its high quality, use the classic recipe.

Chocolate is very versatile. The most popular types: black, milk, bitter, white, aerated chocolate. You can produce chocolate for diabetics, vegans, those who are on a diet.

Porous chocolate is saturated with air bubbles, and white chocolate is made using cocoa butter (without cocoa powder)

The composition of the main types of chocolate is regulated by GOST. So, dark chocolate must contain at least 55% cocoa powder and at least 33% cocoa butter, dark chocolate - 40 and 20%, respectively, milk chocolate - at least 25% cocoa products, at least 12% milk solids, at least 2 .5% milk fat.

Alcohol is sometimes used as an aromatic additive. And of course, chocolate with grated, crushed and whole nuts is very popular: hazelnuts, almonds, cashews, peanuts, peeled pistachios, etc. Whole nuts must be roasted and fresh, otherwise a rancid nut will spoil the taste of the whole bar. Pieces of fruit, raisins, waffles, cinnamon, sesame seeds, puffed rice, marmalade and much more are added to chocolate. There are also completely unusual combinations: chocolate with figs, chili peppers, lemon zest, thyme, olives, ginger, dried tomatoes. The fillings for sweets and chocolate bars are also very diverse. In addition to nuts, these are various sweets, soufflés, jelly, nougat. Truffles, pralines are also popular with sweet tooth.

It is important to consider that chocolate is usually stored for a short time - 2–6 months.

Experiment, track what kind of chocolate is in demand, come up with something new and unusual to interest the consumer.

Technological process and equipment

There are fully automated chocolate production lines that allow you to save on hiring employees. But this is expensive equipment. For example, the Russian-made automatic line for molding chocolate products AC 275 One Shot costs 6.65 million rubles in the basic configuration. An automated line can be operated by 1-2 people, while manual production will require 8-10 people.

Scheme of chocolate production on an automated line

To understand what equipment you need to make chocolate, you need to familiarize yourself with the production technology. It includes several stages:

1. Rolling - grinding components in a special mill.
2. Conching - thorough mixing of all ingredients. First, cocoa powder and powdered sugar are mixed, then liquid evaporates from the mixture, after which the dry mixture is mixed with cocoa butter. As a result, a homogeneous (homogenized) mass is formed. Conching rollers are made of granite, as steel and plastic are not suitable for stirring heated chocolate. Conching directly affects the taste of chocolate - the longer it is conched, the better. Therefore, elite chocolate is conched for 5-15 days, ordinary chocolate - 1-3 days.
3. Tempering - cooling (or heating) and crystallization of chocolate at a controlled temperature.
4. Molding - filling molds (special molds for chocolate) with the finished mass and solidification.
5. Wrapping - wrapping chocolate in foil.

If you plan to make handmade chocolates and sweets from ready-made bars, the whole process comes down to three steps: melting the chocolate (tempering), adding the filling and molding.

As you can see, chocolate production technology is quite simple. However, it requires a significant investment in equipment. You will need:

• zhirotopny boiler for melting cocoa butter;
• ball mill for rolling, filled with steel balls similar to bearings;
• 3–4 conche machines (melanger) for continuous mixing;
• vertical cooling tunnel for cooling molded chocolate or candies.

For small production, conche machines with a volume of 200 kg are suitable

Additional equipment includes industrial air conditioning, hoods, thermostats, conveyor belts, heated pipelines, molds and punching machine, packaging machines (ways to wrap up to 360 tiles per minute), paddles, scrapers, etc.

To sell chocolate in a store, you will need refrigerated display cases that maintain a temperature of 15-20 degrees.

Table: cost of basic equipment for a chocolate production workshop

Chocolate distribution channels and marketing

How you sell chocolate depends on what products you will be producing and who you will be targeting. If you have a workshop with large production volumes that can boast of high-quality products, then you can offer it to other confectionery enterprises that produce desserts, sweets and other sweets, as well as cafes and restaurants. If you are focused on end consumers, have developed attractive packaging and a memorable brand, then try to negotiate directly with stores and retail chains. It is not easy to get on the shelves of large networks, but their turnover is high. You can negotiate with chocolate boutiques, which are in almost all big cities.

Another option is to open your own shop. This may be a point directly at the workshop, but it is better to focus on shopping centers and city streets with a large flow of pedestrians.

An elite chocolate shop today can be found in every major shopping center

Many small businesses, especially those with manual production, only make chocolate to order. You can promote it through your own website, social networks, local media, city portals and forums. This method avoids the risk of overproduction and spoilage of unclaimed chocolate.

Of course, at the initial stage, you will have to invest in advertising. Use all the methods available to you - from handing out leaflets on the streets (they can be sprinkled with a special chocolate-scented perfume) to advertising on television. If you are planning to open a chocolate boutique, host a grand opening with free tastings. In the future, tasting of new positions can be held once a month.

Franchise or own brand

The main advantage of a franchise is that you will work under an already promoted brand known to consumers. The franchisor will help you organize production and establish distribution channels. However, to become a franchisee (buy a franchise), you need to pay from 50 thousand rubles. Some franchises involve royalties - monthly deductions from profits to the franchisor.

Frade handmade chocolate outlet

Most franchises on the Russian market are offers for the sale of finished products of popular brands. For example, you can become a franchisee of the Belgian company Baccarat, which offers handmade sweets. Among Russian companies, the franchise is offered by Frade, a handmade chocolate manufacturer from Kazan. You can sell Frade chocolate in your city by paying a lump-sum (entry) fee of 50-100 thousand rubles. Franchise "Konfael" costs from 150 thousand to 12 million rubles, "Shokonel" - from 620 thousand rubles, Candy Shop - from 600 thousand rubles.

Financial plan

Below are the approximate costs of opening a chocolate shop.

Table: initial and ongoing costs for organizing the production of chocolate

Cost and profitability

Chocolate production is highly profitable - an average of 200%. Judge for yourself: the cost of 1 kg of chocolate is 400–600 rubles, a bar of chocolate in a retail network (200 grams) is 100–200 rubles. This allows you to receive from 300 thousand to 2 million rubles of profit per month.

Given the high cost of equipment, the average payback for chocolate production is from 10 months to 2 years.

Video: how to run a chocolate business

Thus, if you decide to invest in the production of chocolate, it is better to focus on the production of a high quality product with unusual additives, because it is in constant demand. Although the equipment is quite expensive, the costs will quickly pay off. In this area, you can earn up to 2 million rubles a month.