Summary of direct educational activities on speech development in the preparatory group on the topic: “Vegetables and fruits. Methodological development "Conversation with children of the preparatory group “About the benefits of vitamins, and why do people need them?”"
Conversation with children of the preparatory group “About the benefits of vitamins, and why do people need them?”
Target: Give children knowledge about the benefits of vitamins for our body. Introduce the concept of “vitamins A, B, C, D, E” and the products that contain them. To consolidate children's knowledge about the need for vitamins in the human body, about the benefits of foods that contain vitamins. .
Educator:– Guys, today we will talk about the benefits of vitamins and the healthiest foods. Do you know what the healthiest foods are? (vegetables, berries, fruits) Why are vegetables and fruits so beneficial? (they contain a lot of vitamins) Right! What do you think, at what time of year do we get the most vitamins? (Summer, autumn) Absolutely right! In autumn there is a large harvest of vegetables and fruits.
All vegetables and fruits contain a lot useful substances. When we eat them, our body receives a large supply of vitamins so that we are healthy and do not get sick.
If we don't get vitamins, then even the most healthy man will begin to weaken, his teeth will begin to deteriorate, his hair will begin to fall out and his eyesight will deteriorate. He will always feel tired and will start to get sick more often. A person needs all vitamins without exception. But each vitamin also has its own direct purpose.
All vitamins are divided into groups A, B, C, D, E. Do you want to know which healthy foods These include?
And so, the first vitamin A- has been called the growth vitamin, but its role in the body is limited to more than just that. Lack of vitamin A causes eye disease. This disease manifests itself in the fact that a person who sees well during the day sees poorly at dusk, and in the dark almost completely loses vision. Also, due to a lack of vitamin A, our skin loses its elasticity and becomes rough. What foods contain the most of this vitamin?
First of all, vitamin A is found in butter, egg yolk, milk, and fish. Also in vegetables and fruits: carrots, onions, pumpkin, spinach, lettuce, tomatoes and apricots.
Second vitamin IN– with a lack of this vitamin, a person’s ability to work is impaired, and digestion is also disrupted. We get tired quickly and cannot concentrate on important matters. What foods will help us? This is rye and wheat bread, oatmeal, buckwheat and barley porridge. There is a lot of vitamin B in meat.
Fizminutka "Glutton"
One big pot-bellied guy(Round movement with both hands around the stomach)
Ate a dozen rolls on an empty stomach(Put all fingers in front of you)
He washed down the rolls with milk, (Make an imaginary glass with your fingers and then drink from it)
Ate the chicken in one piece.(Spread the fingers of one hand wide, palm up, bring an imaginary piece to your mouth)
Then he roasted the lamb(Show horns with index fingers)
And sent it into the belly of the poor man(Pat your belly)
The big guy swelled up like a balloon,(Draw a large circle in the air)
The glutton had a blow here.(Lightly hit the forehead with your palm)
The third is vitamin WITH– it promotes the consumption of oxygen by the cells of our body. If there is not enough vitamin C in food, then the body's resistance to infectious diseases decreases, drowsiness appears, pain appears when brushing teeth, and gums bleed. Vitamin C is found in fresh vegetables, berries and fruits. It is especially abundant in green onions, black currants, and rose hips. In fresh and sauerkraut, tomatoes, radishes and turnips, potatoes. There is a lot of vitamin C in lemons and oranges.
Fourth vitamin D– if this vitamin is not enough, the human body will become poorly absorbed calcium and phosphorus, the bones will become weak, soften and bend. Vitamin D is found in foods such as: fish, liver, butter, egg yolk, milk. Vitamin D is also found in the rays of the sun, which means we need to spend more time in the air and get the vitamin through ultraviolet rays.
And finally the fifth vitamin E– anti-aging. Due to the lack of this vitamin, there is a lack of coordination of movements, rapid fatigue, lethargy, vision deteriorates, and the person looks pale and sickly. What foods contain vitamin E? Vegetable oil, nuts, milk and dairy products, lettuce and parsley, beans, rosehip tomatoes, White cabbage.
Vitamins are substances that our body needs to absorb food, they increase performance, resistance to infectious diseases, and promote the growth of our body.
Now, let's play the game “Where are you, vitamin?” "and find out how you remembered which products
Educator:- Guys, what new did we learn today? What vitamins did you get acquainted with, name them (A, B, C, D, E). What are vitamins for? How do we get them?
Well done! You remembered everything perfectly!
Target: Give children knowledge about the benefits of vitamins for our body. Introduce the concept of “vitamins A, B, C, D, E” and the products that contain them. To consolidate children's knowledge about the need for vitamins in the human body, about the benefits of foods that contain vitamins.
Material: pictures of food for the game “Where are you, vitamin?”, baskets with fruits and vegetables.
Educator:- Guys, today we will talk about the benefits of vitamins and the healthiest foods. Do you know what the healthiest foods are? (vegetables, berries, fruits) Why are vegetables and fruits so beneficial? (they contain a lot of vitamins) Right! What do you think, at what time of year do we get the most vitamins? (Summer, autumn) Absolutely right! In autumn there is a large harvest of vegetables and fruits.
All vegetables and fruits contain a lot of useful substances. When we eat them, our body receives a large supply of vitamins so that we are healthy and do not get sick.
If we do not receive vitamins, then even the healthiest person will begin to weaken, his teeth will begin to deteriorate, his hair will begin to fall out and his eyesight will deteriorate. He will always feel tired and will start to get sick more often. A person needs all vitamins without exception. But each vitamin also has its own direct purpose.
All vitamins are divided into groups A, B, C, D, E. Do you want to know what healthy foods belong to them?
And so, the first vitamin A- has been called a growth vitamin, but its role in the body is limited to more than just that. Lack of vitamin A causes eye disease. This disease manifests itself in the fact that a person who sees well during the day sees poorly at dusk, and in the dark almost completely loses vision. Also, due to a lack of vitamin A, our skin loses its elasticity and becomes rough. What foods contain the most of this vitamin?
First of all, vitamin A is found in butter, egg yolk, milk, and fish. Also in vegetables and fruits: carrots, onions, pumpkin, spinach, lettuce, tomatoes and apricots.
Second vitamin IN- with a lack of this vitamin, a person’s ability to work is impaired, and digestion is also disrupted. We get tired quickly and cannot concentrate on important matters. What foods will help us? These are rye and wheat bread, oatmeal, buckwheat and barley porridge. There is a lot of vitamin B in meat.
Fizminutka
"Glutton"
One big pot-bellied guy(Round movement with both hands around the stomach)
Ate a dozen rolls on an empty stomach(Put all fingers in front of you)
He washed down the rolls with milk, (Make an imaginary glass with your fingers and then drink from it)
Ate the chicken in one piece.(Spread the fingers of one hand wide, palm up, bring an imaginary piece to your mouth)
Then he roasted the lamb(Show horns with index fingers)
And sent it into the belly of the poor man(Pat your belly)
The big guy swelled up like a balloon,(Draw a large circle in the air)
The glutton had a blow here.(Lightly hit the forehead with your palm)
The third is vitamin WITH- it promotes the consumption of oxygen by the cells of our body. If there is not enough vitamin C in food, then the body's resistance to infectious diseases decreases, drowsiness appears, pain appears when brushing teeth, and gums bleed. Vitamin C is found in fresh vegetables, berries and fruits. It is especially abundant in green onions, black currants, and rose hips. In fresh and sour cabbage, tomatoes, radishes and turnips, potatoes. There is a lot of vitamin C in lemons and oranges.
Fourth vitamin D- if this vitamin is not enough, the human body will become poorly absorbed calcium and phosphorus, the bones will become weak, soften and bend. Vitamin D is found in foods such as: fish, liver, butter, egg yolk, milk. Vitamin D is also found in the rays of the sun, which means we need to spend more time in the air and get the vitamin through ultraviolet rays.
Vitamins are substances that our body needs to absorb food, they increase performance, resistance to infectious diseases, and promote the growth of our body.
Now, let's play the game “Where are you, vitamin?” and find out how you remember which foods belong to which vitamins. ( The game is played on the carpet. The teacher shows or names a vitamin, children choose which foods form this vitamin).
Game “Where are you, vitamin?”
Educator:- Guys, what new did we learn today? What vitamins did you get acquainted with, name them (A, B, C, D, E). What are vitamins for? How do we get them?
Well done! You remembered everything perfectly!
Project type: creative.
Duration: long-term.
Participants: educators, parents, children of the speech therapy preparatory group.
Educational areas: familiarization with the environment, speech development.
Relevance: Children with speech impairments do not have a sufficient understanding of vegetables, where they grow, how to care for them, and the like. Children’s participation in the “Vegetables” project will allow them to maximally generalize and enrich knowledge and ideas about vegetables and their properties, develop coherent speech and children’s creative abilities
Goals:
1. Create conditions for the development of children’s cognitive and creative abilities in the process of developing the educational project “Vegetables”;
2. Enrich your understanding of vegetables grown in the region (tomato, pumpkin, eggplant, turnip, beetroot, onion, cabbage);
3. Enrich the vocabulary by denoting qualities (taste, size, color);
4. Develop coherent speech through writing a descriptive story about vegetables;
5. Foster table manners when tasting dishes.
Main directions of project implementation: direct educational activities, communication, familiarization with the environment, speech development, artistic creativity, drawing, cognition, design.
Project stages:
Homework for children and parents - jointly making crafts from vegetables “A Tale from the Garden”;
Entertainment “Literary evening”;
Physical education “Visiting Grandma Matryona”;
Collective work “Harvest Festival”;
Planting and monitoring the growth of vegetable seedlings;
Exhibition of children's drawings "My Garden".
Preliminary work:
1. Search work to select illustrative material on the topic “Vegetables”;
2. Examination of reproductions of paintings – “Still Life with Zucchini and Basket” (A. Kuprin) and “Potatoes” (Van Gogh);
3. Reading Russian folk tales“Tops and Roots”, “Puff”, N. Nosov’s story “Cucumbers”, etc.;
4. Listening to an audio recording of the fairy tale “Chippolino”;
5. Learning finger gymnastics “Cabbage”;
6. Learning the poem by E. Blaginina “Come to the garden”;
7. Didactic games - “In the garden of the goat Lisa”, “Cook and vegetables”, “Harvesting”;
8. Making a group collage “Our Rich Vegetable Garden.”
Security: board and printed games; special methodological literature – Zhuravleva V.N. “Project activities of older preschoolers”; audio recordings on the topic.
Expected result:
– Know and name vegetables and their parts;
– Possess a general concept;
– Identify by touch and taste, recognize by description;
– Find similarities and differences based on several characteristics;
– Write a descriptive story about a vegetable using a supporting diagram;
– Know how vegetables grow, where, how to care for them, oh beneficial properties, the time of harvesting vegetables, what can be prepared from them, how vegetables are prepared for the winter;
– Be able to find together with parents original solutions in creating crafts from vegetables.
Products project activities: an exhibition of works made from vegetables “A Tale from the Garden” and the creation of a collage “Our Rich Harvest”.
Project presentation: final event.
Summary of the GCD for classes with children of the speech therapy preparatory group “We are the guys at home, but with Dunno we are the cooks!”
Goals:
1. To consolidate children’s knowledge of where vegetables grow, how they are harvested and how they are eaten.
2. Practice using action verbs and verbs related to harvesting, methods of processing and preparing vegetables.
3. Strengthen the ability to coordinate nouns with adjectives, learn to come up with descriptive stories.
Materials and equipment: flannelgraph, illustrations depicting vegetables; dummies or fresh vegetables; vegetables cut into small pieces; Dunno toy.
GCD move:
The teacher tells the children that Dunno came to visit them today.
Dunno: Hello, guys! I decided to organize a “Harvest Festival” for my friends, but I don’t know how to cook, everyone laughs at me, they say that I, Dunno, don’t know anything! I came to you for help, look how much I brought. First, help us figure out where the vegetables are and where the fruits are, what color and shape they are.
Children take turns going out, taking illustrations of vegetables and fruits, saying what they took, and putting vegetables on one tray and fruits on the other.
Educator: Dunno, do you know where vegetables grow?
Dunno: No, of course!
Educator: Guys, what vegetables grow in the ground? (The children name, and the teacher lays out vegetables on the flannelgraph.)
Dunno: What vegetables grow in the garden? (The children name, and the teacher lays out vegetables on the flannelgraph.)
Educator: Let's play. I will name the vegetables, and you will say how they are harvested. Let's start! Tomatoes - plucked, onions - pulled out, eggplants - cut, turnips - pulled out, pumpkin - cut, carrots - pulled out, cabbage - cut, cucumbers - picked, peas - torn, garlic - pulled out, potatoes - dug up, beets - pulled out, zucchini - cut off.
Dunno: Before you start cooking anything from vegetables, what should you do? (Children's answer: wash.) Do you have to wash? What for? (Children's answers.) What vegetables need to be peeled? (Children's answers: turnips, beets, carrots, pumpkin, zucchini, eggplants, potatoes.) And they cook everything at once? (Children's answers: no.)
Educator: Take your time, Dunno. Tell me, guys, what vegetables are eaten raw? (Tomatoes, cucumbers, radishes, cabbage, turnips, carrots.) What can you cook from them? (Salads.) What vegetables can be eaten both raw and boiled? (Cabbage, carrots, tomatoes, turnips.)
Dunno: What can you cook for the first course? (Vegetable soup.) What vegetables is it made from?
Educator: What kind of greens does mom use? vegetable soup adds? (Parsley, dill.)
Dunno: What to cook for the second course? Can I have some porridge? And the cutlets? (Carrots, cabbage, beets.) What can you cook from potatoes? And from cabbage? Great, but we have so many vegetables, there’s a lot left over. What to do with them? (Salt.)
Educator: Guys, let's show and tell Dunno how to salt cabbage.
Physical education minute.
We chop cabbage
(pronounced in unison, “chop”)
We are three cabbages
(pronounced in unison, “tinder”)
We salt the cabbage
(pronounced in unison, “salt”)
We are pressing cabbage.
(pronounced in unison, “squeeze”)
Educator. Here are illustrations depicting vegetables. Look at them, decide who will be which vegetable, and let's play vegetable garden.
Children:
We have a vegetable garden
Carrots (radishes, beets) grow there -
Such a height
This is the width.
You, carrots (radish, beets),
Hurry here
You dance a little.
First the carrot children dance to the cheerful music, then the radish children.
Educator: Now hurry up, everyone, come and visit.
Dunno: I have prepared a delicious surprise for you. Close your eyes, I’ll give you a piece of vegetable to try, and you tell me what you tried.
Dunno distributes pieces of vegetables to children. Each child talks about a vegetable he tried.
Dunno: Thanks, guys! Today I learned a lot of interesting things and learned a lot.
I became a chef today:
I clean, cut and cook.
I fry potatoes with a crust...
I know exactly how to cook!
I can cook delicious cabbage soup,
Make vegetable cutlets.
My friends will be happy. Goodbye!
Abstract of the GCD for children of the speech therapy preparatory group “Vegetables - living vitamins”
Goals:
1. Consolidate children’s knowledge about vegetables (names of vegetables, their parts).
2. Learn to find similarities and differences (by smell, taste, appearance and to the touch).
3. Strengthen the ability to coordinate adjectives with nouns, form diminutive and plural forms of nouns.
4. To consolidate the use in speech of sentences with the meaning of opposition.
5. Development of auditory perception, logical thinking, tactile perception.
6. Fostering a culture of behavior at the table during meals.
Equipment: basket, natural vegetables, a picture of a goat, object pictures of vegetables.
Progress of the lesson:
1. Organizational moment.
Educator:
The hostess came from the market one day.
The hostess brought home from the market:
Potatoes, cabbage, carrots, peas,
Parsley and beets... Oh!
Covered with a lid, in a stuffy pot,
Boiled, boiled in boiling water:
Potatoes, cabbage, carrots, peas,
Parsley and beets... Oh!
Educator: What did the hostess bring from the market?
Children name vegetables, the speech therapist takes them out of the basket.
Educator: How can you call this in one word? Where do vegetables grow?
2. The teacher's story.
In autumn, vegetables are harvested from the gardens. People carefully collect them from the garden so as not to damage them. Carrots, beets, onions, and garlic are pulled out. The cabbage is cut down. Potatoes are dug up. Cucumbers, tomatoes, peppers are picked. Vegetables are eaten raw, boiled, fried, and salted. They are used to make salads, add them to soup and borscht. Vegetables are prepared for the winter. They are healthy and contain a lot of vitamins.
3. Examination of vegetables (color, taste, shape, size). Comparison of carrots and beets, cucumber and tomato, pumpkin and zucchini.
4. Game “In the garden of the goat Lisa”
Educator: Lisa the Goat went to the garden to collect vegetables, let's help her.
Children choose pictures depicting vegetables, select words for them that answer the questions “which one?” and “which one?”
– Crispy cabbage, wavy squash, fresh cucumbers, curly parsley, juicy salad, tailed beet, sweet carrots etc.
5. Game “Big - small”
Cucumber is a cucumber.
Tomato - tomato.
Garlic is garlic.
Pepper - pepper, etc.
Physical education minute
Cabbage goes smoothly
The radish walks carefully
The tomato walks important
(children imitate movements)
Peas run easily
The radish walks slowly,
The carrot is jumping in a hurry,
Well done cucumbers are marching.
6. Breathing exercise “Signor Tomato”
Hands on the chest. As you inhale, your hands resist the divergence of your ribs. As you exhale, tightly compressed lips prevent air from exhaling. Hands squeeze the chest with force.
7. Game “Name what kind of juice is this?”
Children stand in a circle, the speech therapist throws a ball to the child and names a vegetable. For example: “cucumber”. The child throws the ball back and answers: “cucumber.”
Tomato - tomato, carrot - carrot, beet - beet, cabbage - cabbage, pumpkin - pumpkin.
8. Game “Make a sentence”
The tomato is round, and the carrot is...
The cucumber is oval, and the pumpkin is...
Onions are bitter, and carrots are...
The tomato is sour, and the garlic is...
The cucumber is green and the tomato is...
9. Game “Go out onto the porch, say a word.” Recognizing a vegetable by description.
It's round and red
Like the eye of a traffic light.
Among vegetables
There is no juicier... (tomato)
White-sided, round-faced,
Loves to drink plenty of water.
She has leaves with a crunch,
And her name is... (cabbage)
Fluffy and green tail
It grew proudly in the garden bed.
Vanya grabbed it deftly:
“Come out into the light...” (carrot)
And in this garden
Played hide and seek
Green tricksters,
Young... (cucumbers)
I picked the pod
She pressed on the side.
He opened up. Oh! Oh!
Rolled... (peas)
10. Game “We Count”
Educator:
One two three four five -
Brought from the store
We are a huge basket.
It contains a lot of different vegetables,
Count them, do it!
- One cucumber. (The child hands over the vegetable standing nearby to kid.)
- Two cucumbers. (The count in the game goes up to five.)
11. Summary.
Educator: What did we talk about? Where do vegetables grow? What vegetables can you say “round” or “long”? And now I invite you to the table - to taste the gifts of autumn!
Children try vegetables, discuss with the speech therapist the taste, juiciness, smell, color of vegetables, and their usefulness.
Educator: Look, guys, how strong and beautiful you have become because you ate “live vitamins”!
Literary evening for children of the speech therapy preparatory group “Our wonderful vegetables”
Goals:
1. Create a joyful, emotionally positive mood in children.
2. Create conditions for the development of children’s cognitive and creative abilities.
3. To consolidate children’s knowledge about vegetables (names of vegetables, their parts), to enrich the vocabulary by denoting qualities.
4. Develop auditory perception, logical thinking and coherent speech.
Progress of entertainment:
A teacher in an Autumn costume greets the children: Hello, children! I came to visit you today, guess what my name is?
I bring the harvest
I am sowing the fields again,
I send the birds south.
I strip the trees
But I don't touch the pine trees
And Christmas trees. I – ... (autumn)
– Now I have a lot to do, I need to get everything done in time. Do you want to know where I came to you from?
Children: Yes!
– I was in the Flower City, where Dunno and his friends live. So, the residents of this city were harvesting, and Dunno (showing an illustration) decided to organize a “Harvest Festival” for his friends. He decided to write poems and riddles and tell fairy tales about vegetables. But he didn’t succeed, and all the kids started laughing at him. I felt sorry for him, and I decided to turn to you for help. Can you help?
Children: Yes!
Didactic game “Vegetables and fruits”
– First, help me figure out where are the vegetables and where are the fruits?
In Autumn’s basket there are replicas of vegetables and fruits. Children take one item at a time and place it on two different trays.
Reading poems.
“Now I’m wondering if you know poems about harvesting?”
E. Blaginina “Come to the garden”
Come to the garden
See how everything grows
How to play hide and seek
Cucumbers in the garden.
Like sunflowers in potatoes
They stretch their palms towards the sun,
Like morning dew
The beans have shiny mustaches.
How they blush at the fence
Giant tomatoes.
Everything grows, everything blooms,
No one is cramped.
Come to the garden -
It's so interesting here.
V. Volina “Our bed”
What's growing in our garden bed?
Cucumbers, sweet peas,
Tomatoes and dill
For seasoning and for testing.
There are radishes and salad.
Our garden bed is a treasure!
Six vegetables in our garden
List them in order.
If you listened carefully,
You will definitely name them.
Answer in order:
What's growing in our garden bed?
3. Riddles
- Well, now the riddle competition.
Children take turns asking riddles they learned at home.
It's round and red
Like the eye of a traffic light.
Among vegetables there is no juicier...
(Tomato)
Fluffy and green tail
It grew proudly in the garden bed.
Vanya grabbed it deftly:
"Come out into the light..."
(Carrot)
I picked the pod
She pressed on the side.
He opened up. Oh! Oh!
Rolled...
(Peas)
White-sided, round-faced,
Loves to drink plenty of water.
She has leaves with a crunch,
And her name is...
(Cabbage)
And in this garden
Played hide and seek
Green tricksters,
Young …
(Cucumbers)
Round side, yellow side,
A bun is sitting on a garden bed.
He was rooted firmly into the ground.
What is this?
(Turnip)
White, crumbly, tasty,
And it is always on the table.
(Potato)
Before we ate it,
Everyone had time to cry.
(Onion)
He's from the pumpkin family.
He lies on his side all day,
Like a green log
Under the name...
(Zucchini)
Although I am called sugar,
But I didn’t get wet from the rain.
Large, round, sweet in taste.
Did you recognize it? I …
(Beet)
Don't eat me raw
Better eat it fried!
I have a blue caftan.
And my name is...
(Eggplant)
After the children guess, the child who asked the riddle shows the answer-picture.
- Well done guys, a lot interesting riddles We made a wish about vegetables, but do you know fairy tales about vegetables? (Children's answers.)
4. Quiz on fairy tales.
- With whom did the man share the tops and roots?
– What vegetable did Alyonushka go for from the fairy tale “Pykh”?
– Cippolino is also a vegetable. Which one then?
– What vegetables did the boys throw at the “living hat”?
– With the help of what vegetable did the fox persuade the Cockerel to look out the window?
– While pulling out which vegetable, the grandfather called five characters to help him?
5. Game-dramatization of the fairy tale “Turnip”
Children are asked to remember the heroes of the fairy tale, assign roles, select the necessary attributes - elements of costumes that characterize the hero chosen by the child.
A dramatization game is played.
Bottom line
Autumn, in the role of the teacher, sums up the entertainment, praises the children and reads them a fairy tale.
The tale of how vegetables fought:
A hungry hare came running into the village. He wants to sneak into the garden, but Polkana is afraid. The Hare began to jump around the garden, knocking out vegetables for the war.
- Hey, vegetable brothers! Come out quickly to the slaughter! There are many of you, but I am alone, and even then I am a coward.
Cucumber answers:
– I am the father of a large family, I will not go to war.
The turnip answered:
“I’m firmly rooted in the earth, I won’t go to war.”
Tomato answered:
“I can’t go beyond the fence, I won’t go to war.”
Beetroot answered:
“I’m fat and ugly, I won’t go to war.”
So everyone refused. Only three warriors came out: Onion, Garlic, and Pepper. The Hare got scared of them and ran away into the forest.
Educator: These warriors help us fight against colds. These are exactly what I brought to you as a gift, so that you don’t get sick, grow strong and strong, and I also want to treat you to the juice of a wonderful vegetable - carrots. What is the name of this juice? (Carrot.)
Children drink juice. The fun is over.
Summary of physical education leisure for children of the speech therapy preparatory group “Visiting Grandmother Matryona”
Target: develop dexterity, speed of reaction, coordination of movements, communication skills, strong-willed and moral qualities.
Progress:
After the formation and greeting of the teacher, grandmother Matryona enters the gym.
Matryona: Hello, what are you doing here? Isn't this a market? Oops, I got everything mixed up. I bring vegetables for sale. (Draws the children’s attention to the basket of vegetables.) But you, I see, the children are good, polite, I even wanted to please you. I just won’t give you my basket just like that. First, prove how dexterous and skillful you are. Overcome all the difficulties and obstacles that I overcome on the way to my beloved garden.
Children follow each other along the playground, overcoming obstacles: they step over barriers, crawl into a “tunnel,” and jump from hoop to hoop. Then they stand in ranks and perform a warm-up (rhythmic gymnastics complex) to the music.
Matryona: Well, well done! We came to the garden. For each of my vegetables I ask for payment, play a game, if you can, the vegetable is yours.
1. Outdoor game “Vegetables”
One evening in the garden
(children walk in a circle holding hands)
Turnips, beets, radishes, onions
(in the center of the circle is a blindfolded driver)
We decided to play hide and seek
But first we stood in a circle.
We calculated it right away:
(they stop and turn the driver)
One two three four five.
Better hide, hide deeper,
(run up, crouch)
Well, go look!
(driver is looking)
2. Carrot relay
Children take turns going through the distance: jumping over barriers, crawling into a tunnel, taking a carrot and carrying it to a basket.
3. Outdoor game “Grandfather sowed peas”
Grandfather was sowing peas.
(Children stand in a circle and pretend to “sow” peas.)
The peas weren't bad at all.
(They stomp their feet, the child-grandfather also stomps.)
Round, sonorous, yellow, smooth.
(Circle with arms, clapping, sliding movements palm on palm.)
Very smooth, very sweet.
(They stomp their feet, stroke their belly.)
Suddenly a bag of peas fell!
(Bend over and spread their arms.)
Poor grandfather groaned.
There were peas, and you were wearing -
Rolled around the hut!
On last word counting rhymes, children scatter around the playground, “grandfather” begins to stain the children. A tarnished child becomes a “pea.” The next spotted child joins the chain of “peas” that line up behind the “grandfather”. “Grandfather” must collect all the “peas”.
4. Low mobility game “Hot Potato”
Children stand in a circle. They choose a driver. He goes to the center of the circle, and the rest move tightly towards each other, everyone’s hands behind their backs. One of the players is given a small ball (potato), and the children pass it around in a circle behind their backs. The driver tries to guess who has the “potato”. He says: “Hands!”, and the one being addressed must show both hands, palms up. If the driver guessed correctly, he takes the “potato” and stands in a circle, and the one who found the ball becomes the driver. The game repeats itself.
5. Summary
Grandmother Matryona: Well done, guys! You are dexterous, fast, friendly. I’ll be happy to leave you all the vegetables, maybe you’ll make a vinaigrette and treat me.
He leaves some treats for the children and says goodbye.
Summary of a lesson on collective work for children of the speech therapy preparatory group “Harvest Festival”
Goals:
1. Teach children the ability to plan work activities, select necessary equipment and materials, predict the result of labor.
2. Strengthen labor skills and abilities.
3. Continue to develop independence in the organization of work (independently select team members, distribute and control work within the team).
4. Foster hard work, creativity and imagination.
5. Help children get positive emotions from work and the results obtained.
Materials and equipment: modeling cards, bowls of water, rags, pallets, plates made of unbreakable material, boiled and fresh vegetables for sandwiches, bread, sour cream, tableware.
Progress:
I. Organizational moment.
Teacher dressed as Grandma Matryona: I came to visit you again. I remember you guys are friendly, clever, and you will definitely help me. And this is what happened to me. I collected a large harvest of vegetables and decided to organize a “Harvest Festival”. She invited guests, but didn’t calculate the strength. I can’t cope alone, can you help me set the table and prepare a treat?
II. Planning of work activities.
Educator: Guys, let's think about what we need to do? How to cover festive table How do you prepare the food?
– These cards will help us organize all the work.
1. You need to set a goal. What do we do? (Wash dishes, prepare sandwiches.)
2.What do we need for work? What materials and equipment?
3. What work activities will we perform?
4. The expected result of labor. What would we like to receive?
Before we start working, let's remember our labor rules.
1. Before starting work, you need to roll up your long sleeves and put on aprons. Children preparing sandwiches and setting the table should wash their hands with soap.
2. You need to work carefully, following safety rules.
3. While working, you must not be distracted or disturb others.
4. If you have done your job, help your friend.
5. Upon completion of work, you must clean your workplace.
III. Labor activity.
Children are divided into units and choose members of the unit.
The teacher finds out the names of the links, asks the children to explain their choice and distributes the work between the links.
The teacher invites the children to take the missing equipment and get ready to start work (the team members distribute the work within the team).
While children are working, low, energetic music is played.
After finishing work, the children clean their work places and set the table. Together with the teacher, they evaluate their work (sitting on chairs).
The links are asked to evaluate the work of individual children and the entire unit.
The teacher summarizes, confirming that they received the expected positive result.
The teacher pronounces a proverb about work: “If there is a desire, all work will work out” and invites the children to tell proverbs and sayings about work that they know.
A jack of all trades is never bored.
Measure seven times, cut once.
As is the master, so is the work.
Think first, then act.
Skillful hands do not be afraid of work.
Easy to break, difficult to do.
Labor feeds a person, but laziness spoils him.
He who knows how to work is not afraid of work.
Grandmother Matryona thanks the children for their help in preparing for the holiday and invites them to celebrate together. Gives big zucchini, inside of which sweets are hidden.
Educator: We will open the zucchini, treat yourself, my friend.
The lesson is over.
The final event of the educational project “Vegetables”
Goals:
1. Create conditions for the development of children’s cognitive and creative abilities in the process of the educational project “Vegetables”.
2. Generalize and enrich ideas about vegetables growing in the region.
3. Develop coherent speech through writing a descriptive story about vegetables.
Equipment: hint diagrams (autumn phenomena, what is needed for the growth of vegetables); audio recordings; Scarecrow doll; didactic game “The Fourth Wheel”; caps of vegetables (carrots, garlic, beets, tomatoes, peas, cucumber, cabbage); caps of vitamins (A, B, C).
GCD move:
1. Organizational moment.
Educator:
Empty fields
The ground gets wet
The rain is pouring down.
When does this happen?
(Autumn)
Educator: What happens in nature in autumn? (Children's answers). Name the signs of autumn. What do people do in the fall in their garden plots? (The conversation is accompanied by the display of hint diagrams.)
2. Generalization of knowledge about vegetables.
The phone rings. The teacher draws the children's attention to the bell. An audio recording plays.
- Hello, guys, it's me, Scarecrow. Hurry up, hurry up, help me reconcile the vegetables, stop their argument.
Educator: Shall we help Scarecrow?
Children: Yes!
Educator: What is the name of the place where vegetables grow and where the Scarecrow works? (Children's answers: vegetable garden.)
A child reads E. Blaginina’s poem “Come to the Garden.”
Come to the garden
See how everything grows
How to play hide and seek
Cucumbers in the garden.
Like sunflowers in potatoes
They stretch their palms towards the sun,
Like morning dew
The beans have shiny mustaches.
How they blush at the fence
Giant tomatoes.
Everything grows, everything blooms,
No one is cramped.
Come to the garden -
It's so interesting here.
Educator: Do you want to go with me to visit the vegetables? A long journey Aren't you scared? Well, then let's go! And our musical bus will take us to the garden. Take your seats. (See E. Zheleznova’s song-games.)
Children move around the hall to the music and recite the text, accompanying it with rhythmic movements.
Here we are sitting on the bus, sitting, sitting
(we imitate the steering wheel in our hands)
And from the window we look, look, look!
(make a “window” with your hands)
Looking back, looking forward:
Just like that, just like that!
(turns head)
Well, the bus is not lucky, is it not lucky?
(raise our shoulders)
The wheels are spinning -
Just like that!
(hand rotation)
We rolled forward -
Just like that!
(steps forward)
And the brushes rustle on the glass -
Whack, Whack, Whack!
(movement of hands left and right)
They want to sweep away all the droplets -
Whip, whack, whack!
And we’re not just sitting here -
Beep beep!
(click on “beep”)
We are all buzzing loudly and loudly -
Beep beep!
Educator:
There is a vegetable garden ahead.
Walk carefully!
You don't remember the vegetables!
Who's standing there at the fence?
Not Malanya, not Fedora.
Something strange,
Not entirely pleasant.
A picture or Scarecrow toy is displayed.
Child: What a scarecrow!
Head made of straw
Eyes are drawn
Hands and feet are sticks.
Let them be afraid of jackdaws.
Educator: Let's show him that we didn't come here in vain.
Compose a story based on the picture “How to care for vegetables so that they grow in the garden” (two or three children participate).
Didactic game "Fourth odd"
Educator: Look at the picture and tell me what the artist drew too much? Why?
The teacher draws the children's attention to the scarecrow and the vegetables drawn in the background behind it.
There's a scarecrow in the garden
The scarecrow is standing.
Vegetables scared us
He doesn’t order me to tear it from the garden.
An accelerated recording of unknown words and sounds sounds.
Educator: What is this noise? Ah, it's probably the vegetables arguing. How can we understand them? what they're saying? Let's transform ourselves, let's become vegetables!
Participating children put on hats behind the screen, non-participating children sit on chairs.
Educator:
How many different vegetables
They argue about who is more important than whom!
Carrot:
Answer me honestly
I don't need your flattery:
The main vegetable is me, the carrot?
I jump into your mouth so deftly...
Only I have a vitamin -
Very necessary carotene.
Garlic:
Don't boast about carotene!
I - from flu and sore throat,
For colds and illness.
Eat me - there will be no pain!
Beet:
Don't trust garlic, kids!
He is the most bitter in the world.
I am a beetroot, just a miracle,
So blush and beautiful!
You will eat beets -
All blood will be purified!
Carrots (disdainfully):
All blood is purified...
My main vegetable is carrots!
Here's the cucumber there,
What “delicious” food!
Cucumber:
What? Don't you need a cucumber?
What would dinner be without him?
And in pickle soup, and in salad -
Everyone is happy with a cucumber!
Cabbage:
I am a cabbage, I am fatter than everyone else,
You can’t cook borscht without me.
Both salad and vinaigrette
Kids love it for lunch.
And remember, children:
The main vegetable in my diet!
Peas:
In a green tent
Koloboks sleep sweetly.
Lots of round crumbs!
It's me, Pea.
Tomato:
Stop this stupid argument.
The tomato is the most important!
Handsome, no matter where,
I'm not a vegetable, but a star!
The teacher turns to the children sitting on the chairs: Oh, that’s the thing!
To be healthy and strong,
Gotta love vegetables
All without exception
There is no doubt about it!
Each has its own benefit and taste,
And I don't dare to judge
Which one of you tastes better?
Which one of you is more important?
Well done everyone! Each has its own benefits for human health, its own vitamin.
Vitamins, come out!
Tell us about yourself.
Vitamin A: I, vitamin A, is very important for vision, I am also called the growth vitamin.
Who takes me as a friend?
It grows, grows, grows...
Always drink carrot juice
And bite the carrots!
Then you will be, my friend,
Strong, strong, dexterous!
Educator: They also contain vitamin A Bell pepper and parsley.
Vitamin B: I, vitamin B, helps the heart, regulates the body's metabolism.
Early morning is very important
Have oatmeal for breakfast.
Black bread is good for us
And not just in the morning.
Educator: You can find Vitamin B in peas.
Vitamin C: I, vitamin C, strengthen your body.
For colds and sore throats
I always help!
And you will find me in onions, cabbage and radishes.
Educator: Look at our scarecrow.
Never gets discouraged
And a smile on your face
Because he accepts
Vitamins A, B, C.
Dance “Scarecrow” (See songs and games by E. Zheleznova.)
The birds fell asleep in the garden, the kittens went to bed,
(children swing slowly while standing)
And the scarecrow jumped up and began to sing:
I stand all night, sway, wearing a hat and jacket!
(elbows at shoulder level, shoulders tense, forearms and hands relaxed)
I'm waving my hands like this,
(turns left and right)
I'm shaking my leg like this!
(Moves the leg.)
The fish fell asleep in the pond, the frogs went to bed,
The children fell asleep long ago, the toys went to bed,
And the scarecrow jumped up and began to sing...
Educator - Now let's help Scarecrow harvest.
Speech with the Harvest movement
Let's go to the garden and collect the harvest.
(They march.)
We'll drag carrots
(“They drag.”)
And we'll dig up some potatoes.
(“They’re digging.”)
We'll cut a head of cabbage,
(“Cut off.”)
Round, juicy, very tasty.
(Show a circle with your hands 3 times.)
Let's pick a little sorrel
(“Tearing.”)
And let's go back along the path.
(They march.)
After finishing the words, the teacher comes out from behind the screen and hands out baskets of vegetables to the children. Return to kindergarten to the song-game “Bus”.
Role-playing game " Canning factory»
Educator: Children, we have a good harvest of vegetables, but how can we preserve it? What do your mothers do? (Cucumbers and tomatoes are canned and salted.) So you and I will play the game “Cannery”. Let's think about who can handle the role of director? He will be responsible for the operation of the entire plant. Who will become the manager of the vegetable store? (Children's suggestions.) We also need a driver who will transport vegetables from the vegetable store to the processing workshop. Who will work in the processing workshop and wash the vegetables? Two people are needed. (Children's suggestions.) Who wants to work in the main processing workshop? A lot of people are needed on the shop floor. One person takes out the jars and wipes them with a clean napkin, two people put labels on the jars, another fills the jars with vegetables and places them on a belt, simulating the movement of the jar along a conveyor belt, another person puts the lid on the jar, another puts the finished products into boxes, and another takes her to the warehouse.
Children distribute roles. The “director” monitors production by phone, the teacher takes on the role of chief technologist.
At the end of the game, the “director” learns by phone about the volume finished products, concludes that the order is ready, invites all workers to the office and thanks them for the work done.
The teacher summarizes.
Regions: cognitive, speech, social-communicative, physical.
Target: acquiring skills in lexical and grammatical formatting of monologue statements using mind maps.
Educational objectives: to form certain knowledge on the topic: “Fruits and vegetables”. Distinguish vegetables and fruits by shape, color, place of growth.
Educational: development of verbal communication skills, verbal communication. Activation of the dictionary on the topic. Develop skills in constructing sentences and coherent monologue statements. Activation of perception, memory, imagination, mental operations.
Educational: develop control and self-control skills. Provide assistance to your peers as needed.
Preliminary work: examining vegetables and fruits, didactic game: “What grows where?”, “What sound?”, drawing from life “Basket with fruits and vegetables”, learning riddles, shading and coloring in coloring books.
Material: interactive whiteboard, subject pictures, book of riddles, story pictures, easel, pointer, basket with vegetables and fruits, boxes of various types juice, Dunno doll, intellectual card “Vegetables and fruits”, music center.
1. Organizational moment.
The teacher invites the children. Children stand near the teacher .
(Calm, quiet music sounds.)
Educator: Now we’ll play with you: “Name a vegetable or fruit.” You need to name a vegetable or fruit with a given letter, which will open on the easel. Whoever names it correctly can go to the chairs and sit down ( are shown in turn letters “A”, “M”, “K”, “B”, “P”, “G”, “I” and children name vegetables and fruits with these words).
2. Introduction V topic
(Activate children's knowledge on this topic.)
Educator: Well done, now listen carefully to the riddles.
Guessing riddles:
1. The lady sat down in the garden bed,
Dressed in noisy silks.
We are preparing tubs for her
AND coarse salt half a bag. (Cabbage.)
2. For a curly tuft
dragged the fox out of the mink.
Very smooth to the touch
It tastes like sweet sugar. (Carrot.)
3. An inseparable circle of friends
Pulls out hundreds of hands to the sun.
And in the hands of a fragrant cargo
Different beads on different taste. (Garden.)
4. Bright, sweet, liquid,
The cover is all gold!
Not from a candy factory -
From distant Africa. (Orange.)
Reading the poem “Miracle Garden” by F. Gurinovich.
People are surprised:
What kind of miracle is a vegetable garden?
There are radishes and salad here.
Onions, parsley and spinach.
Tomatoes cucumbers
They mature together - well done!
And potatoes and cabbage
They grow densely in the beds.
And everyone says in unison:
"We are growing here for the kids.
For diligence and work
The whole harvest will be reaped."
Conversation on questions:
Why is the poem called “The Miracle Garden?”
Name the vegetables that ripen together in the garden? (slide show).
Game: “What’s next to what?” (scene pictures for orientation in space). Quiet, calm music sounds.
Educator: Do you need to name where the vegetable or fruit is located?
What's to the right of the tomato?
What's to the left of the carrot?
What's between a pear and an apple?
What's between an orange and an apple?
What after potatoes?
What's next to the lemon?
To the right of the cucumber?
– Between onions and garlic?
Educator: Well done! Look, a guest has come to us. Who is this? (Dunno).
Educator: That's right, our guest Dunno (Dunno doll).
Dunno: You guys are so great, you answer questions so well. Help me, I’m completely confused, I understand what vegetables and fruits are, but what is the correct name for what is cooked from them? Will you help me? I also came up with an interesting game for you: “Say it correctly.” Children: Of course!
Dunno asks questions and praises them for the correct answers, if someone answer silt wrong, helps them.
Shall we bake cabbage pie with garlic?
Shall we grate beet salad from onions?
Shall we make carrot casserole from potatoes?
Shall we make pea soup from radishes?
Shall we cut cucumber salad from zucchini?
Shall we make mashed potatoes from carrots?
Dunno: You answered correctly, and now I suggest you rest a little.
Warm-up: “Apple” (Music sounds).
That's an apple! ( children got up)
It (hands to the side)
The juice is full of sweets (hands on belt)
Stretch out your hand (stretch hands forward)
Pick an apple (hands up)
The wind began to shake the twig (we shake our hands at the top)
It's hard to get an apple (pulled up)
And I’ll quickly pick an apple! (clap your hands above your head)
Dunno: So we played. It's time for me to leave (says goodbye and leaves).
Educator: Let's continue to play happily. Now pictures will be shown on the slide, you must name the extra picture and explain your answer. If you answer correctly, you will see a beautiful fireworks display; if not, a cloud will appear. Think, don't rush to answer.
Game: “What’s extra?” (appear slides vegetables And fruit With pictures).
3 . Speech gymnastics
a) “Guess the sound, the word.” In the word “garden” (vegetable garden, tomatoes, cucumbers, beets, peas, beans, zucchini, cabbage, apples, peaches) what is the first sound? Last? Think of words starting with the sounds “o”, “k”, “p” (children's answers),
b) “Hide the syllables in your palms.”
(Children and their teacher clap syllabic word structure
Dear Guys! I want to tell you about fruits.
Do you know what fruit is?
Fruits are juicy edible fruits that grow mainly on trees.
Let's remember your favorite fruits together.
Right! This rosy apples, juicy fragrant pears, bluish-blue or yellowish plums, fragrant apricots, orange oranges and tangerines, pomegranates full of scarlet grains, sour yellow lemons, sweet bananas, dark red cherries, sweet cherries.
There are a lot of fruits - it’s impossible to list them all!
Many of them grow in our gardens. These are apples, plums, pears, cherries. Other fruits love bright sunlight and moisture and grow in the southern regions of our Motherland - oranges, lemons, tangerines, pomegranates, cherries.
Some fruits come to our table from distant countries, they are even brought from other continents, for example, bananas. But they are all tasty, healthy, contain many vitamins, and we enjoy them with pleasure.
Listen to the poem.
Fruits are a joy for children!
Adults and children know:
There are many fruits in the world!
Apples and oranges
Apricots, tangerines
And bananas and pomegranates
Rich in vitamins.
Fruits are a joy for children
They are grown in the gardens for you.
We will serve them to the table,
We'll eat the fruits fresh.
And for long-term storage
Let's make delicious jam,
Jam, jam, marmalade,
To please the guys!
Where do gardeners grow fruit?
Right! In the gardens.
Fruit orchards are beautiful in spring! Plums are shrouded in a white and pink haze; lace capes, as if knitted by skilled craftswomen, were covered with cherries; fragrant large flowers opened on apple tree branches.
The bumblebees have already left their winter burrows and flown into the garden, attracted by the sweet honey aroma flowers, and help the gardener by pollinating trees. Golden bees are also circling over the flowers. Tireless workers collect flower nectar and pollen, flying from flower to flower, pollinating orchards.
Experienced gardeners place bee houses - hives - between the trees in the garden during wild flowering.
Listen to the poem.
Honey pollen
honey bloom
Gardens attract bees.
The orchard whispers:
"Come on, bees,
Get to work!
And pollen particles
And flower nectar -
Everything will be useful to you
Donate everything!
Bees, come,
Drink sweet juice
Fly between the flowers
Pollinate together
Golden flower!
In the old days, peasants said: “The bee flies, summer opens with golden keys.” And they noticed that once the bee flew out of the hive, there would be no more severe frosts, the sun had turned to summer.
Listen to the poem.
Golden Keys
Spin around, little bee,
In the open space
Fly, little bee,
For the blue sea,
Behind the steep mountains,
Behind the dense forests,
Bring it with you
The keys are gold.
Let's unlock it with the keys
We are the red summer
Warm rays
We'll be warm.
To attract bumblebees and bees to the garden, gardeners resort to the following trick: they dilute honey with water and spray the garden with the resulting solution.
When tree flowers drop their petals to the ground, a hard green ovary forms in their place, and from it eventually grows ripe fruit: the sides of the apples will turn red, the cherries will fill with scarlet juice, the sweet plums will turn dark purple with a blue tinge.
However, in order to grow aromatic sweet fruits, the gardener has to work hard in spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Every month brings its own worries!
On frosty winter days, snow, if there is only a little bit of it, needs to be raked up to the tree trunks to protect the roots from freezing. And after a heavy snowfall, especially if the snow is wet and heavy, it must be shaken off the branches. If snowstorms have created high snowdrifts around the trees, the snow near the trunks must be trampled down. Gardeners do this to prevent mice and bunnies from chewing through the bark of fruit trees.
But now the days are getting longer, the skies are turning bluer, and the first drops of March are dripping from the roof. This means it’s time to prepare birdhouses and nesting boxes for birds. Soon they will return to their native lands, sing spring songs and begin to help gardeners - destroy caterpillars, butterflies and beetles that are harmful to fruit trees.
Scientists believe that the very first houses for starlings appeared in India. They were made from dried pumpkins and hung on trees. In Europe 500 years ago, birdhouses were made from baked clay in the shape of a jug, flat on one side. But even earlier, residents of the ancient Russian city of Novgorod made nest boxes for the goldeneye duck and placed them along the river banks. The ducks happily settled in these dugout logs* and hatched their ducklings there.
The very first wooden birdhouse in the form of a small house with a roof appeared in Rus'. In the old days, a birdhouse was often a real work of art. Figures of people were cut out of a log with a cavity in the middle and painted. From the boards they built a kind of house with a gable roof, a balcony in front of the entrance, decorated with carvings. In the southern regions of Rus' in former times, birdhouses were often made from birch bark.
The collections of the State Historical Museum in Moscow and the Toy Museum in Sergiev Posad contain ancient birdhouses as works of folk art.
Do you remember what a modern birdhouse looks like?
Most often this is a small wooden house or a nest box. In some countries, nesting boxes are made for birds, cast from cement with sawdust as a filler.
It is important not only to make a good, comfortable birdhouse, but also to hang it so that birds can live in it. The birdhouse should be slightly tilted forward, inaccessible to cats, and fixed in a fork between the upper large branches of the tree crown.
In April, when rapid snow melting begins, gardeners have new worries - they dig shallow grooves in the garden to drain melt water. And when all the snow has melted, they dig up the ground, remove dried branches, twigs, excess growth and apply fertilizer.
In the spring, insects wake up that hid in the winter in the cracks of the bark, old stumps, under fallen dry leaves. Butterflies - moths and glass moths, aphids and leaf rollers, as well as spider mites and codling moths - are dangerous pests. They gnaw roots, eat leaves, spoil young shoots, flowers and fruits of fruit trees. Therefore, gardeners spray the garden with infusions of plants that repel harmful insects: wormwood, tansy, yarrow, onion peel, calendula and garlic. In addition, these plants emit volatile substances - phytoncides, which kill microbes.
The smell of some flowers is not liked by harmful insects, so gardeners create beds with calendula, marigolds, fragrant tobacco, and garden daisies in their gardens.
To repel rodents - voles, rats that spoil the bark of fruit trees, experienced gardeners plant elderberry or alder bushes in the garden. Rodents do not like the smell of these bushes, and they leave the garden.
In addition to birds, hedgehogs that eat beetle larvae and slugs, as well as frogs and toads, help gardeners cope with pests.
In the summer, gardeners also take care of fruit trees: they loosen the soil, water them, feed the plants with fertilizers, and mow the grass between the rows. To prevent tree branches from breaking under the weight of fruits, wooden supports are placed under them.
People note: “In summer, fruits ripen at night!” After all, summer nights are warm, bright, short, dawn meets dawn.
Listen to the poem.
July night
The July night is bright,
The garden is shrouded in darkness.
The glass moon slumbers
Above the river wave.
Night walks on the ground
Like a shadow, inaudible.
Turn pink in the warm darkness
Apples and cherries.
In the moonlight by the water
The willows are turning silver,
Like orchards
The nights are beautiful!
But the long-awaited harvest time has come. In the garden, fallen fruits are first collected - carrion. The completely rotten ones are boiled in a bucket and buried in the ground, saving the garden from insects hiding in rotten apples, pears, and plums. Jams, compotes, marmalade and jams are prepared from healthy fruits.
Then the fruits are removed first from the lower branches, and then from the upper ones, starting from the tips of the branches towards the tree trunk.
When fruits and berries ripen, mischievous sparrows like to visit the garden to peck apples, cherries, and plums. Starlings also join them. Many gardeners make weather vanes from tin in the form of pinwheels and cockerels or place a stuffed animal between the trees. This scares away the birds.
Listen to the poem.
Cockerel
Cockerel made of thin tin
Made it with my dad together.
They put me on a pole -
The cockerel spun
He shouted: “Ku-ka-re-ku!
I will save the orchard
From thieves,
Gray sparrows."
The sparrows got scared
They chirped:
“We will not fly into the garden,
Peck fruits and berries!”
Do you guys know what worries await gardeners in the fall, when the berries and fruits are harvested?
First of all, you need to clear the tree trunks of dead bark, mosses, and lichens, cut off the dried diseased branches and burn them along with the fallen leaves. Then the trunks should be whitened so that when spring comes, the bright rays of the sun do not burn the bark. Then you need to tie the trunks with prickly spruce branches or elderberry branches. This is done so that voles or forest guests - bunnies - do not gnaw the bark of fruit trees.
The soil in the garden is dug up in large layers, without breaking them with a rake or hoe, so that the soil freezes and the harmful insects that burrow into it for the winter die.
Imagine, friends, that you are planning to plant an orchard. Which site is preferable to choose for it?
People have long noticed that it is better to plant gardens where oak, bird cherry, ash, linden or maple grow. And in those places where there is a lot of sedge and horsetail, the land is not suitable for an orchard.
How to plant a tree correctly?
In winter, when frost bites and everything is covered in deep snow, the trees sleep. At this time they are not transplanted. In the summer, when the fruits ripen and everything grows and blooms rapidly, trees and bushes are also not planted. But in the spring, even before the green leaves hatch from the buds, and in the fall, when the leaves have already fallen, the right time comes for new plantings.
In order for fruit trees to produce a rich harvest, they must be planted correctly. First you need to remove the dried and damaged roots of the seedling and dig a deep and spacious hole. A peg is driven into its middle and the trunk of the seedling is tied to it, the roots are straightened, directing them deep into the soil. Then the roots are covered with earth, which is trampled down. After planting, the young tree must be watered.
Gardeners know what to plant in the garden different varieties one and the same fruit tree so that they pollinate each other. Among apple trees, the best pollinator is Antonovka, and among pears, it is seedless.
The Russian people have put together a wise saying: “As is the care, so is the fruit.” In fact, a lot of work, experience and knowledge is required for a person to grow fragrant, juicy fruits. The work of a gardener is noble and creative, because gardens decorate our land and treat us ripe berries and fruits.
Answer the questions
Why do gardeners place hives with bees in the garden during flowering?
How do they attract bumblebees and bees to the garden?
What kind of work does a gardener do in the garden in winter? What about spring, summer and autumn?
What gardener's assistants (birds, animals, plants) do you know?
Why do gardeners place weather vanes and stuffed animals in the garden?
How to plant a tree correctly?
