Coffee Horse made from salted dough. Master class (dough horse)

Master class “Horse – symbol of 2014” from salt dough

The cat's gaze is predatory and calm,
The dog's gaze is angry or betrayed.
Only the horse looks at the world differently,
Because the world is in her eyes. (Vera Vdovina)

Materials:
- dough
- aluminum wire
- scotch
- napkins (paper, wet)
- PVA glue
- foil
- sponge
- gouache
- water jar
- tassel
- pen
- glitter hairspray

Step-by-step job description

Let's make it from dough. A salt dough horse, the master class of which was provided by a master of modern hande-made works, is made in the style of a Dymkovo toy. Maybe that’s why this craft is so beautiful and attractive to the eye.

It turns out that feeling like a real creative sculptor is not so difficult at all! And you don’t need marble, granite, bronze, or even clay. After all, you can make a sculpture... out of dough! Of course it shouldn't be regular dough, and the special one is salty. Then it will not crack when drying and will acquire sufficient strength comparable to clay. Pancake flour is not suitable for creating a plastic mass, as it will definitely rise, forming cracks and deforming the figure.

How to make a salt dough horse

To make plastic salt dough you need to take flour, salt and water in weight proportions of 200:200:125. But it should be taken into account that salt is twice as dense as flour, so if you measure by volume, the proportion will be 200:100:125.

Water should be taken cold and poured in parts into the mixture of flour and salt. When kneading, it is best to use a mixer.

Then the dough is kneaded by hand in the same way as for baking.

If you decide to sculpt a figurine of a horse, then you can do this in three steps, starting with sculpting the body. It is best to temporarily place the rest of the mass in a plastic bag so that it does not become covered with a hard crust.

Having sculpted the head and neck, this part is fastened to the body. For stickiness, you can lightly moisten the place of fastening, and carefully smooth out the “seam” itself, hiding it.

At the very end we form the mare's tail. You can make it all the way to the ground - this will increase the figure’s support by one more point.

Finished product needs to be dried well. You can use the oven and “bake” the sculpture at 80 degrees. Or you can use a microwave - it’s safer and faster. Only in microwave oven It’s better to first use the defrost mode and hold the figure for a minute.
Then you need to check whether cracks have appeared or whether the product has lost its shape. In case of surface damage, you can “make small repairs” with the dough, first dipping it into water. This way it is easy to hide unevenness and cracks that may appear.
Then you can switch to the warm-up mode. The figurine should be removed periodically and checked for strength. When it becomes hard and dry, you can start last step making figurine toys.

This will be coloring. You can use any paint: from acrylic and oil to food and watercolor. Some may even leave the figure pure white, while others will limit themselves to just coloring the mane and tail. Or you can joke a little and remember the famous colorful Dymkovo toys.

Can you now say that the horse is made from salt dough? More likely, she galloped from a fairy tale or cartoon...

This is how easy it is to become a real sculptor, sculptor, artist - in a word, a creator.

Therefore, quickly take flour and salt and get to work, gentlemen! Create your masterpieces!

A project with a presentation, thanks to which you can get information about horses and learn how to make a horse from salt dough

"Project Horses"

ANNOTATION

It was no coincidence that I chose the topic about horses. Since childhood, I really liked toys and books about horses. And now, whenever I see horses in the park, I always ride them and treat them with bread. I draw a lot, read about them, collect pictures and photographs.

I see the relevance of the topic in the fact that this animal has earned honor and respect for what it has done for humanity and continues to do. It is no coincidence that among twenty-three nations of the world horses are sacred animals.

INTRODUCTION

Man and horse have lived side by side for many thousands of years. History shows that a horse was simply necessary for a person not only on the farm, but also during military operations.

In our time, when human labor is replaced in everything by machines, it would seem that we can do without the help of horses, but it is impossible to imagine our world without these beautiful and intelligent animals.

I will tell you about the main merits of this animal in my work and introduce you to the stages of making a figured horse from salt dough at home.

Project goal:

Tasks:

Study literature on the topic;

Present the results of your work.

To make a horse you need the following materials:

Salty dough;

2. Stencil.

CHAPTER 1. BASIC ABOUT HORSES

Origin of the horse and history of domestication

The development of human society was accompanied by the domestication of a variety of animals, and one of the first such animals was the horse. The ancestor of the domestic horse is not the Przewalski's horse, as previously thought, but an extinct species of wild horse - the tarpan. The first horse was born millions of years ago. She was only 30-50 cm tall, a creature very similar to a dog, with a rather large head, the front part of which was very elongated. The thin front legs were lengthened. She had four toes on her front feet and three on her back feet.

Gradually their legs became longer. The hooves on the middle toes became increasingly larger. Finally, after millions of years, the modern horse appeared.

Ancient hunters began to tame horses in order to obtain meat and milk. Most likely, the horse was first tamed by the nomads of the steppes about 5 thousand years ago. They caught wild horses and bred them.

1.2 Features of horses

There are more than 150 different horse breeds in the world. A person had a hand in creating each of them. But the most significant factor in the development of breeds was the need to fulfill certain type work that people demanded from a particular type of horse. Some breeds valued the power necessary to move heavy loads, while high-speed movement required primarily speed qualities.
There are several types of horses, each of which has its own purpose. For leisure - entertainment, horseback riding in nature - "hobby-class" walking horses are used. For tourism, riding - sports horses, for hippodrome testing - racing and trotting horses.

Therefore, they can range from very small to very large sizes. And the first horse, which was found millions of years ago, was the size of a small dog.

Horses can be wild or domestic. Wild horses live in the wild. They gather in herds, that is, all together, and live this way to make it easier for them to defend themselves from enemies. And the family lives next to the person who builds a cozy home for the horse. Such a house is called a stable.

In summer, horses eat grass and fruits that they dig out of the ground. They find food for themselves in clearings and meadows, where they are released to graze for the whole day. And in winter the main food is oats, wheat and hay. Hay is dried grass that a person prepares for the winter in the fall. Horses also love to eat fruit, especially apples. They will not refuse a piece of bread. They also drink a lot of water.

Horses have the best developed hearing, then vision and finally smell.

What a fine hearing a horse has! It picks up even the slightest rustles that are generally inaccessible to humans. He distinguishes well the sound of his owner's steps and recognizes him even before he appears at the door of the stable.

The most important sense of a horse is touch. Horses sense touch with sensitive hairs located near the eyes, nostrils, on the lips and chin, and in the ears. A horse can even feel with its skin how a mosquito or fly has landed on it. The horse has very sensitive lips. She can use them to unfasten a button on a person’s clothing.

The horse's sense of smell is very developed. At a distance of 1.2 - 1.5 m, horses distinguish between edible and inedible herbs. Horses have much better hearing than humans, as does their eyesight. She can see everything that surrounds her, both in front and behind. They see well up close and distinguish colors.

The horse has an excellent instinct and a strong sense of home - when lost in the blizzard steppe, coachmen used to throw down the reins, relying on the horse, and it would deliver the cart right to the gates of the house. Horses have excellent orientation in rain and snowstorms, day and night. No wonder folk wisdom states: “A good horse will pull you out of the water and carry you out of the fire!”

The horse continues to grow until it is 5–6 years old. The horse reaches full performance at the age of 4 - 5 years and retains its working qualities until 18 - 20 years. The age of a horse can be determined not only by its teeth, but also by its skin: pull the horse’s skin on the cheeks or shoulders: if it pulls back quickly, it’s young, and if it doesn’t pull back quickly, it’s old. The growth of horses depends on the breed, nutrition and care characteristics. How better food and grooming, the larger the horses become. In general, domestic horses have a height of 150 to 175 cm,

1.3 Horse colors

Horses vary in color - this means that they come in different colors. For example, black - that is, black color, also red and bay. Also gray, savrasaya, dun and others. There are horses with beautiful spots.

Buckwheat color - this color is controlled by the “early graying” gene, that is, horses are gray almost from birth.

bay- a horse whose body is brown in various shades, from fiery red to almost black, similar to karak, and the mane, tail and lower parts of the legs, up to the hocks and carpal joints inclusive, are black. Occasionally, the so-called “wild” bay color is found, in which the black hair on the horse’s legs is partially mixed with brown, as a result of which the distal parts of the legs are not jet black, and the black hair does not extend to the carpal and hock joints.

The Isabella horse color is sometimes very often also called a cream horse, because of the characteristic delicate cream color of the coat. Sometimes an Isabella or cream horse also has a hint of baked milk. Despite the fact that almost all horse breeds have gray skin, the distinctive features of this breed are soft pink skin and blue eyes.

Application of horses

People tamed horses in ancient times and since then have not stopped using them in the most various areas of your life. Thus, for many centuries the horse was actively used in military purposes. Having barely tamed this animal, man harnessed it to war chariots, which quickly became one of the leading types of troops in ancient times. Today there is a police horse - it is not only a beautiful and strong animal, but also a full-fledged combat unit that can push back an entire crowd.

The horse became the first animal to be used for public transport, the first routes of which were laid in England.

The role of horses in history is enormous agriculture . Before the start of general mechanization, cultivation of the land was carried out with the help of these animals. They were harnessed to plows and plowed the fields, and into carts on which products were removed from the fields.

Equestrian circus- the oldest type of circus art, in which most of the acts are associated with the display of trained horses and equestrianism. Of course, the greatest interest of the public is caused by circus horse riding. Dzhigit artists perform a quick somersault over a horse, a somersault dismount forward and backward, jump from one horse to another, and crawl under the horse’s belly to the other side.

It is impossible to imagine Russian festivities without horses. Troika horses are a unique symbol of Russian history - an invariable attribute of national holidays, weddings, celebrations and New Year's cards. The Russian troika is sung in folk songs.

The horse is very helpful in guarding and restoration of health person. There is a unique type of physical therapy on horseback called hippotherapy. Hippotherapy has been known since the time of Hippocrates. He argued that the wounded and sick recover faster if they ride, and melancholic people give up dark thoughts. During horse riding, all major muscle groups of the body are involved in the work. This happens at a reflex level, since while sitting on a horse, moving with it, the client instinctively tries to maintain balance so as not to fall off the horse and thereby encourages both healthy and affected muscles to actively work, without noticing it. This treatment has proven to be especially effective for people who are unable to move independently, with diseases of the musculoskeletal system and nervous disorders. When a horse walks with a calm, measured step, its movements resemble human ones. This causes the body of a person placed on the back of an animal to move as during normal walking. Communication between a person and a horse helps restore the psychological state.

In Russia, tuberculosis, dystrophy and some other diseases have long been treated with kumiss. Currently based on mare's milk prepare a full-fledged natural product for children's nutrition, which is well absorbed by babies.

The horse saves the lives of thousands of people, since hundreds of immune preparations, various vaccines and immune serums are produced based on horse blood. Donor horses are kept in special stables. These are the best animals, healthy in all respects.

In a cattle-raising area, shepherds need help grazing their cattle over wide, rugged terrain. Fast horses are perfect for helping shepherds.

Foresters and nature reserve guards prefer to patrol the territory on horseback.

Horses are successfully used in rescue operations, to determine the location of lost tourists, travelers, and hunters in remote mountain and taiga areas.

CHAPTER 2. QUESTIONNAIRE

on the following questions:

1 Horses include:

2. What do horses breathe?

A) yes B) no C) I don’t know

4. How do horses live?

7. What is hippotherapy?

When processing the questionnaires I came to the following conclusion:

My classmates know very little about horses. Many said that the horses are highly trainable and live as a herd. Oh, we’ve never even heard of the term hippotherapy.

CHAPTER 3. STAGES OF WORK ON A FIGURE HORSE

1.Knead the dough:

Water - 125 milligrams. (Appendix 1)

2. Cut out a stencil from paper; (Appendix 2)

3. Make a “pattern” from salt dough using a stencil; (Appendix 3)

4. Dry the finished parts in the oven at 100 degrees; (Appendix 4)

5. Prepare threads to create a tail and mane; (Appendix 5)

6. Paint the finished parts with gouache; (Appendix 6)

(Appendix 7)

The horse is ready! (Appendix 8)

CONCLUSION

Having completed the project, I realized the goals I had set for myself. Firstly, I learned a lot of interesting and useful things about horses. Although the glory days of the horse are gone, it still has many responsibilities in the service of humans. The horse still remains his friend and helper. But the most important thing is that it helps restore a person’s health and cultivate goodness in him.

Secondly, I learned how to make figure horses from salt dough.

Also solved the following problems:

Designed the finished product.

I found out fun facts from the life of horses;

I met interesting people who really love horses.

After completing the work, I came to the conclusion that this craft:

This work develops perseverance, accuracy, attention, a sense of shape and color.

Working with salt dough is not only a wonderful way to occupy your free time, it is also a wonderful world of diversity and positive emotions, and this is probably why this exciting activity is finding more and more fans, both among adults and children. Having acquired the necessary skills, you will be able to make both simple and complex crafts.

I am grateful to my mother for her help in working on the project.

LITERATURE

Bozzi Maria Luisa, Palazzolo Valeria, Palazzeschi Rossano, Prati Elisa “Modern Children’s Encyclopedia”, LLC publishing group “Azbuka-Atticus”, 2014.

Skaldina O.V. “Red Book of Russia” LLC publishing house Eksmo, 2014. (Article about Przewalski's horse).

Schoolboy Yu.K. "Animals. Complete Encyclopedia", Eksmo Publishing House LLC, 2013.

Blake G.N. “Research on the means of communication between humans and horses” website htt ://www royolhorses .com

Skripnik Igor “All about horses” ( Complete Guide By proper care, feeding and maintenance)

Internet site: bookz.ru

Appendix 1

Appendix 2

Appendix 3

Appendix 4

Appendix 5

Appendix 6

Appendix 7

Appendix 8

View document contents
"front page"

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

MAOU "DEMYANSKAYA SECONDARY SCHOOL"

NAMED AFTER THE GUARDS SAILOR A. KOPOTILOV"

Horses. Salt dough horse

(creative project)

Scientific supervisor: primary school teacher MAOU

"Demyanskaya Secondary School named after. guard

sailor A. Kopotilov"

2nd grade student at MAOU

"Demyanskaya Secondary School named after. guard

sailor A. Kopotilov"

Nikiforova Kira Andreevna

With. Demyanskoye – 2016

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………….3

introduction ……………………………………………………………………. 4

CHAPTER 1. BASIC ABOUT HORSES

1.1 Origin of the horse and history of domestication…………………..5

1.2 Features of horses……………………………………………………….6

Horse colors…………………………………………………………….8

1.4 Use of horses………………………………………………………9

CHAPTER 2. QUESTIONNAIRE……………………………………………………………12

CHAPTER 3. STAGES OF WORK ON A FIGURE HORSE …………13

Conclusion…………………………………………………….. ...14

………. …16

APPLICATIONS………………………………………………………………………………17

View presentation content
"presentation"

Horses. Salt dough horse

(cognitive and creative project) general cultural direction

Scientific supervisor: primary school teacher at MAOU "Demyanskaya Secondary School named after. guard sailor A. Kopotilov"

Barabanova Svetlana Viktorovna

2nd grade student at MAOU

"Demyanskaya Secondary School named after. guard sailor A. Kopotilov"

Nikiforova Kira Andreevna

Project goal :

• To know interesting facts from the life of horses;
• Make a figured horse from salt dough at home.

Tasks:

• Study literature on the topic;
• Analyze the main stages of making a figure horse;
• Prepare necessary materials and tools to complete the project;
• Present the results of your work.

• Salty dough;
• Gouache;
• Threads;
• Stencil.

COSTS OF HORSE

Horses vary in color - this means that they come in different colors.

Buckwheat suit - this one suit is controlled by the “early graying” gene, that is, horses are gray almost from birth.

Bay suit

bay- a horse whose body is brown in various shades, from fiery red to almost black, similar to Karak, and the mane, tail and lower parts of the legs are black.

Isabella suit

The Isabella horse color is sometimes very often also called a cream horse, because of the characteristic delicate cream color of the coat. Despite the fact that almost all horse breeds have gray skin, the distinctive features of this breed are soft pink skin and blue eyes.

QUESTIONNAIRE “What do you know about horses?”

1 Horses include:

A) fish B) mammals C) amphibians

2. What do horses breathe?

A) lungs B) I don’t know C) gills

3. Are horses easy to train?

A) yes B) no C) I don’t know

4. How do horses live?

A) I don’t know B) they live in herds C) loners, each on their own

5. What effect do horses have on human health?

A) positive B) negative C) don’t know

6. What interesting things do you know about horses?

7. What is hippotherapy?

Conclusion:

Many said that the horses are highly trainable and live as a herd. Oh, we’ve never even heard of the term hippotherapy.

Making a horse from dough Stages of work:

1.Knead the dough:

Flour - 200 grams or 1 cup,

Salt - 200 grams or half a glass,

Water - 125 milligrams.

Cut out a stencil from paper

Make a “pattern” from salt dough using a stencil

Conclusions

As a result of working on the project:

• I found out entertaining stories and facts from the life of horses;
• I learned how to make a horse craft from salt dough.

I also decided the following tasks:

• Studied the necessary literature on the topic;
• Analyzed the main stages of making a figure horse and purchased the necessary materials;
• Designed the finished product.

This craft :

• A wonderful, original gift;
• Materials for making a figure horse are economically available and environmentally friendly for others;
• The manufacturing technology is clear.

• Bozzi Maria Luisa, Palazzolo Valeria, Rossano Palazzeschi, Prati Elisa “Modern Children’s Encyclopedia”, LLC Publishing Group “Azbuka-Atticus”, 2014.
• Skaldina O.V. “Red Book of Russia” LLC Publishing House Eksmo, 2014. (Article about Przewalski's horse).
• Schoolboy Yu.K. "Animals. Complete encyclopedia", Eksmo Publishing House LLC, 2013.
• Blake G.N. “Research on the means of communication between humans and horses” website htt://www royolhorses.com
• Skripnik Igor “All about horses”, (Complete guide to proper care, feeding and maintenance). Website: bookz.ru

Today we will learn how horses are made from salt dough. Interesting? And we will also color them! Salt dough horse - best gift from kids, because the child can make it himself, and besides, it’s very exciting!

As they say in one wonderful cartoon, “there is no such thing as without gifts.” New Year" All of us, big and small, are waiting with trepidation for the cherished moment when we unwrap the mysterious packages under the Christmas tree. Each of us, of course, really wants to receive a gift! And, as it is absolutely said further, “it’s much more pleasant to give it yourself.”

And it’s doubly nicer if the gift is made with your own hands! Much more joy will bring a gift if, instead of another trinket bought at a New Year's sale, you present, for example, a figurine of a horse - a symbol of the next year, but made personally by your hands specifically for the recipient of the gift!

It’s especially great to involve little ones in the process of creating New Year’s surprises. Even 2-5 year old children, together with their mother, can make wonderful ones for mom, dad, grandparents and all those you like, whom you want to congratulate!

Options for gifts self made- a lot. Some know how to knit, some weave beads, and perhaps they are excellent at drawing. We offer you the simplest and most easy idea, which is not too late to implement, even if it’s already December 30th on the calendar.

Let's give horses and horses!

You will need:
For the test:

- 1 glass of cooking coarse salt;
- 1 glass of flour;
- 5 - 6 tablespoons of water.

For coloring:

- gouache, acrylic or finger paints.

Prepare the salt dough: mix flour and salt, add water, knead - and together with the kids we’ll make a whole bunch of different buns!

To form the salt dough craft, you can use a tin cookie cutter. We have these homemade shapes in the form of a horseshoe and a horse.

Roll out the dough to a thickness of 0.5 - 1 cm and cut out shapes with molds.

To give relief (drawing eyes, nostrils) we use a cocktail straw and a match. Don’t forget to make a hole in the middle at the top of the figurine for thread to hang the craft on the Christmas tree.

If there are no molds, we will sculpt the horses from salt dough by hand, like from plasticine.

Take a lump of dough and give it a shape: head, legs, tail...

The horse is emerging more and more clearly...

If the dough is too soft and the shape does not want to hold its shape, add a little flour. if, on the contrary, the dough crumbles, it means it is too dry, add a drop of water.

The eyes for a “voluminous” figure can be made like this: roll two small balls of salt dough, slightly moisten them and glue them in place. We draw the pupils and nostrils with a match.

Let the horses be all different - cheerful, original, each with their own character; big and small, with different manes and tails, slender and plump.

In the creative process, come up with names for them, funny stories about each one - or tell your child interesting facts about horses.

Place the finished figures on a baking sheet.

Dry them in the oven over low heat - about half an hour at 170-180C, so as not to crack.

Then let it cool - and paint with gouache using a brush or just with pens - finger paints! There is no need to limit the child’s creativity by constantly correcting the baby. Let him do as he wants! So what if the horse is not bay or dappled, as you wanted, but incredibly rainbow or gray-brown-crimson? But how much delight the little artist has! This is creativity. Moreover, it is quite possible and even necessary to make the horse blue or green!
And you can color your horse as you wish!

First we apply the background and wait for the paint to dry.

And then we draw small details with a thin brush: patterns, apples, eyes, stripes on the mane and tail.

When the paint has dried, you can also coat the figures with clear nail polish for shine and protection from moisture.

Great salt dough horse souvenirs are ready! These cute talismans will bring good luck and give good mood to those to whom you give them. After all, they are charged with your positive emotions!

(1 read, 1 visit today)

salt dough horse

For production work salt dough horses we need:

- salt dough(2 cups flour, 1 cup fine salt, not a full glass of water);

- drawing of a horse;

- rolling pin;

- thick oilcloth;

- knife;

- brush;

- needle;

- paints (gouache);

- acrylic varnish.

Salt dough horse master class.

We start by preparing salt dough. Take 2 cups of flour, 1 cup of fine salt, not a full glass cold water. Mix everything. As a result, the mass should become similar to plasticine: it does not crumble and does not stick to your hands (if it crumbles, add water, if it sticks to your hands, add flour).

During modeling, the dough should be kept in a plastic bag to prevent it from chaffing, and stored in the refrigerator. When the dough is ready, put it in the refrigerator for an hour. Now let's draw a horse. If that doesn’t work, you can use a printout.

Roll out the dough with a rolling pin on oilcloth a little thicker than half a centimeter.

Using the drawing, cut out the horse. Place the design on the rolled out dough and carefully cut out the outline with a knife.

Slowly remove the unnecessary dough with a knife.

Then with a needle we draw all the details (mouth, ears, nose, mane, legs, hooves). We make two balls from the salt dough, flattening them slightly - these are the eyes. Wet the mounting area with water.

We make pupils in the eyes using reverse side brushes We form an eyebrow from a small sausage. Then we make a Christmas tree from a piece of dough and attach it to the back. The horse is ready. Now let it dry. We dry it on both sides for 5 days, maybe longer. If cracks appear during drying, they will need to be covered. Place a few drops of water on the cracks, take a piece of dough and apply it on top.

We paint with gouache or acrylic paints. We paint the entire horse black, then after 2 minutes we wash it off with a sponge. Black color gives depth and volume to the horse.

Then we will paint the horse and the Christmas tree in the desired colors.