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What are the known causes of varicose veins? Symptoms and stages of the disease. Is there a difference in the manifestation of varicose veins in men and women? Medical treatment and folk remedies. Is it possible to play sports with varicose veins?

Most people think about how to treat varicose veins already faced with a problem. Whereas he has a number of recognizable symptoms even before the manifestation. If you pay attention to them, you can prevent the disease. For those who are already suffering from varicose veins, it is useful to know the stage of the disease, the methods of its treatment and the precautions that must be followed for varicose veins, otherwise you can start the situation before the development of trophic ulcers.

Causes and stages of varicose veins

The movement of blood from top to bottom through the body seems to be easy, thanks to gravity. But from the bottom up, it continues due to the operation of the valves in the veins, which fix the fluid until the next heartbeat. But if the vessel has expanded, then the valves are no longer able to close, and blood circulation worsens. A “traffic jam” is formed, which expands the vein even more, exacerbating the problem. This is the varicose veins of the legs, the treatment of which is a laborious task. The main reasons for this situation are:

• excess weight;
• heredity;
• hormonal disorders (including during pregnancy);
• work that involves prolonged sitting or standing;
• frequent wearing of heels;
• tight clothing.

These factors boil down to the fact that the pressure on the veins increases, and the movement of blood through them becomes more difficult.

Varicose veins will appear faster if the nutrition of the vessels is also disturbed, because then they lose their tone and correct shape.

When deciding how to treat varicose veins on the legs, you need to start from what stage the disease is going through:

• zero or phantom, which does not manifest itself outwardly and even during medical examinations, however, a person often feels pain and heaviness in the legs, he has swelling and cramps of the limbs (most attribute these symptoms to fatigue);
• the first is characterized by the sensations described above and the appearance of spider veins, but it may not flow directly into varicose veins;
• the second is determined by protruding venous nodules, pain syndrome and a noticeable increase in veins;
• the third adds the strongest edema to all of the above;
• the fourth is skin damage, manifested by a change in the natural color to putrefactive brown and black, the appearance of redness and weeping lesions, atrophy of the dermis;
• fifth and sixth - trophic ulcers (stages are distinguished depending on their growth).

With a timely visit to the hospital until the last three, it is very difficult to bring the situation, only if you do not obey the doctor's instructions.

At-risk groups

In most cases, varicose veins occur in women. It's connected with:

• frequent hormonal surges;
• the habit of sitting cross-legged;
• weight gain due to pregnancy or menopause;
• wearing heels, tight trousers and tights (they significantly impair blood circulation);
• sedentary lifestyle due to sedentary work (cashiers, office workers, teachers, employees of scientific departments).

Therefore, the question often arises of how to treat varicose veins in women. Doctors recommend that girls choose a suitable sport, get up from their desk at least once every 2 hours and walk for 5-10 minutes, choose comfortable shoes and loose clothing.

The expansion of the veins in the representatives of the stronger sex is much less common, but can result in serious problems. The causes of the disease are different from women's. These include:

• power sports;
• inflammation of the genitourinary system;
• hernia in the groin;
• neoplasms in the kidneys.

Therefore, before figuring out how to treat varicose veins in men, you need to determine if an even more terrible disease has become its cause, for example, oncology. It is important to consider how dangerous vein expansion is for the strong half of humanity, since it affects not only the legs, but also the seminal canals. And this already leads to dysfunction of the reproductive system and ultimately to impotence.

Recently, according to statistics, varicose veins occur in every fifth man in Russia who has reached the age of 45. Drivers, bodybuilders, pilots, office workers should especially pay attention to their legs.

Methods of treatment

A doctor who treats varicose veins is called a phlebologist (from the Greek "phlebos" - vein and "logos" knowledge). He will help determine the stage and choose the most appropriate treatment. At the moment, there are 3 most effective ways:

1. Sclerotherapy is an injection of a substance that sticks together the affected vessel. It is eventually excreted from the body, but the vein regains its tone and former shape. The procedure is possible only in the first stages of varicose veins.
2. Laser coagulation - cauterization of the vessel with a laser from the inside. The treatment is also suitable for advanced situations, but requires a long recovery period, during which you need to refrain from physical activity and wear compression stockings.
3. Surgical operation - excision of a diseased vessel.

Many are interested in whether varicose veins are treated without direct intervention in the veins. Yes, this is possible at the zero, first and unstarted second stages of the disease. In such situations, you can prescribe:

• hardware massage;
• cold wraps;
• wearing compression underwear;
• pressotherapy.

These methods of treatment should be accompanied by a diet that promotes the resorption of blood clots and the removal of cholesterol, daily walks in the fresh air and swimming. This is the only sport useful for patients with varicose veins.

In water, the load and pressure does not affect the cardiovascular system - on the contrary, it is toned and healed. The skin receives a massage, the blood circulates faster and enriches the tissues with useful substances and oxygen.

Those who treat varicose veins at home need to know one trick. In the evening, before going to bed, it is necessary to allocate 15-20 minutes for a simple procedure that will relieve the tension of the lower extremities. To perform it, you will have to lie on your back, and raise your legs perpendicular to the body (forming an inverted letter "G"). This will increase the reverse flow and make it easier for the valves in the veins. You can first rub your legs with a phlebotropic gel or ointment. They are not a panacea and will not be able to cure, but they are able to tone the blood vessels, which helps to avoid the progression of the disease.

Treat varicose veins with folk remedies, using tinctures and compresses from:

• horse chestnut;
• lemon and garlic;
• ginkgo biloba;
• seaweed.

Varicose veins are a serious disease, and not just a cosmetic age-related defect. It requires complex treatment and making adjustments to the usual way of life. Varicose veins are especially dangerous for men, as they threaten sexual incapacity. Moderate physical activity and regular check-ups with a doctor can prevent its occurrence.

"Life without varicose veins": treatment of varicose veins

Due to the peculiarities of the lifestyle of a modern person, varicose veins are very common these days. Women are especially affected by this disease. Our sanatorium has developed a health program "Life without varicose veins", which helps to cope with the disease.

Treatment of varicose veins in the Raduga sanatorium, located on the territory of the unique Nizhnyaya Kama National Park, is a great opportunity to fully relax surrounded by wildlife, restore health and peace of mind. Pine forest, oak grove, Kama River, floodplain meadows with spring lakes are no less effective than physiotherapy procedures, and in combination they give excellent results.

Treatment of veins in the legs is carried out according to an individually selected course, taking into account the patient's chronic diseases, contraindications and characteristics of the body. To obtain positive results, it is recommended to stay at the spa treatment for at least 10 days.

What does spa treatment of varicose veins include?

Varicose vein treatment consists of a whole range of different procedures. This:

Intravenous laser blood irradiation (5 procedures) Laser radiation stimulates humoral and cellular immunity, has a resolving, anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous, detoxifying and desensitizing effect, lowers cholesterol levels, and increases the oxygen content in the blood.
		Hirudotherapy (treatment with leeches) Medical leech is considered the best vascular doctor. The biologically active substances produced by it activate the body's immune system, eliminate venous congestion in the pelvic organs and lower extremities, destroy blood clots and prevent the formation of new ones. Blood viscosity decreases, blood flow accelerates, vascular spasm is relieved.

Come to our sanatorium "Rainbow"!
We know how to treat varicose veins as effectively as possible, we can provide a full-fledged spa treatment and a pleasant, comfortable stay.

The long-awaited warmth has come - it's time to switch to light dresses and skirts. And show the world your legs. What to do if they suffer from varicose veins?

Advice is given by phlebologist Ekaterina TSARENKO.

- Avoid stagnation of blood in the legs
If you have to sit or stand for a long time, at every opportunity, shift from foot to foot, roll your feet from toes to heels.
Every day, look for an opportunity to run up and down the stairs at least a couple of floors.
Avoid tight shoes, tight jeans, knee socks, and socks with tight elastic bands. Forget the cross-legged pose.

- Rethink your eating habits
Avoid fatty and refined foods and eat more fiber-rich foods. This will be the prevention of chronic constipation that provokes varicose veins, due to which, when straining, the pressure in the abdominal cavity increases.
If you tend to be overweight, try reducing your daily calorie intake. A few extra pounds represent a significant burden on the vessels.

- Provide complete comfort to your feet
Choose shoes with low heels. For everyday shoes, they should not be higher than 4 cm, and for evening shoes - no more than 6 cm.
Remember that hypothermia of the legs is fraught with the development of vascular pathologies.

- Give your feet a rest
If you have free minutes, lie down with your legs elevated (their optimal position is 15-20 cm above the level of the heart).
Make sure that your legs are slightly elevated during sleep as well. You can twist a blanket into a tube and make a small roller out of it for your feet.

- What will help from medicines
For the prevention of varicose veins, venotonics are used: homeopathic (with extract of mountain arnica, horse chestnut, etc.) or allopathic. They are prescribed only by a phlebologist. Depending on the state of the vessels, he prescribes a course of a certain duration. There are also topical agents that have decongestant and anticoagulant effects.

- Sports that are good for veins
People with chronic venous insufficiency benefit from swimming, walking, running, aerobics, and cycling. But tennis is not very good: although during the game a person is in motion, the press is heavily loaded. In the gym, barbell presses are best done from a prone position. It is better not to pump the upper part of the press, and be sure to wear compression stockings for training.

- Bath and massage: is it possible or not?
Reduce the time spent in the steam room, do not sit on the topmost shelf, where the temperature goes off scale, wrap your legs in a terry sheet, and immediately after the procedure, pour cool water over them.
With varicose veins, sudden temperature changes are contraindicated: for diseased vessels, such a load is not needed. But still, one should not completely abandon hardening procedures. You just need to reduce temperature differences: instead of "hot-cold" make "warm-cool".

Massage also does no harm if approached wisely. Sufficiently hard impacts can be applied on the outer side of the thigh and on the buttocks. But on the lower leg and inner thigh, the massage will have to be canceled or its intensity reduced. Only light stroking movements from the periphery to the center are possible here, giving a lymphatic drainage effect. With manual massage, it is useful to use oils of grapefruit, orange, tangerine, which have a vasoconstrictive and lipolytic effect. They enhance the effect of massage. By the way, mandarin essential oil is a rich source of bioflavonoids, which are part of the well-known venotonic drug Detralex.

- Choosing compression stockings
The best way to prevent varicose veins is compression stockings. It must be worn with hereditary weakness of blood vessels, it is indispensable in a fitness club, during long flights and when carrying heavy loads. Ordinary tight tights or stockings will not replace compression products, which are fundamentally different in that they selectively distribute pressure. In this case, the maximum compression (70-75%) falls on the lower leg, while on the thigh - only 25-30%. The blood seems to be squeezed out, squeezed out from the underlying sections to the thigh. In addition, compression knitwear has a special three-dimensional knitting, which creates a reliable framework for the walls of blood vessels.

The classification of compression stockings is not given in "dens", according to which we are used to choosing stockings and tights, but in millimeters of mercury. For prevention, products of the first class of compression (18-21 mm Hg) are used, for treatment - products of the second and third classes, which should be prescribed only by a doctor.

In the presence of reticularly dilated veins, compression stockings are selected so that the product overlaps the problem area by 10-15 cm. If the reticular veins are located in the lower third of the lower leg, you can get by with therapeutic stockings.

Leonid Zhuravlev

The patient should change his lifestyle, limiting himself in some things. At the same time, there are not so many restrictions. Find out what absolutely can not be done with varicose veins.

The main ban is a sedentary lifestyle

One of the main contraindications for varicose veins is. The function of the veins is that they return blood from the extremities to the heart and lungs. Muscle movements only help this by pushing the blood up. Due to the activity of the muscular apparatus, the system of venous valves works well, preventing the reverse flow of blood. Varicose veins occur when the valves are broken, and the lack of movement only exacerbates this process.

Static stress also has a negative effect on the condition of the veins. So, prolonged standing or sitting leads to stagnation of blood in the veins and their expansion.

A negative factor in the development of varicose veins is also an additional load on the veins of the limbs. Therefore, if you have excess weight, then you need to fight it, first of all with the help of physical exercises. And what kind of sports you can do with varicose veins, you will learn below.

Perhaps the most useful type of physical activity for varicose veins is swimming. Firstly, while swimming, the legs do not experience a strong load, and the density of water does not allow blood to stagnate in the veins.

If you are not overweight, then walking will be useful for varicose veins. For those who are overweight, walking at an average pace is suitable until the weight is normalized.

If you like strength exercises, then with varicose veins it is advisable to choose those exercises that are performed lying down or sitting, so as not to heavily burden the legs. Yoga, oriental and Latin American dances are also allowed.

Fitness for varicose veins: what is prohibited?

If you have varicose veins, then you should forget about sports where you need to run and jump. Say a resounding no to jogging, tap dancing, aerobics, jump rope, and some types of dance.

You should also forget about the barbell, dumbbells and other exercises associated with lifting weights. Remember that with varicose veins it is not recommended to lift more than 3-5 kg.

Hot procedures: is it possible to go to the sauna and shower with varicose veins?

Varicose legs do not like heat very much. Keep your feet away from heaters and other heat sources. Hot showers, baths and saunas are contraindications for varicose veins. Even if you do not have varicose veins, but there is a predisposition to it (for example, hereditary), then hot water procedures are not recommended for you.

But a contrast shower, on the contrary, will be useful. It is also useful to pour cold water over your feet after each bath or shower.

Questions from readers

Hello! I am 28 years old October 18, 2013, 17:25 Hello! I am 28 years old. Have varicose veins since the age of 15. I think it was inherited, as both my mother and father suffer from this disease. At first, my legs just hurt if I walked a lot or wore heels all day. Several bruises appeared about 7 years ago. that don't pass. The pain is predominantly in the right leg. It already has a protruding vein, and at the very bottom of the leg (around the bone) everything is purple and there is also a protruding vein. On the left leg, too, there are spiders and veins are visible, but smaller. My legs start to hurt after I walk for a long time and in heels. In general, my legs are such that in the summer I go either in pants or in long skirts. I don't go out in public without tights. Hemorrhoids also tormented me somewhere from the age of 18, but after giving birth in 2007. everything got worse. I plan to have a second child in the future. Tell me, please, is there any way to stop the process, is there any treatment other than gels and ointments, and will the second pregnancy aggravate the situation? All the same, I so want to have at least beautiful legs :). It seems to me that in a couple of years all my legs will turn purple. I'm also not tall and I can't refuse high heels. I try to walk without heels whenever possible, but very rarely. I would be very grateful for any help!

Nutrition for varicose veins

There are no significant restrictions for varicose veins. The only thing that will have to be sacrificed is meat broths, marinades and smoked meats, which disrupt the activity of blood vessels. And the rest, nutrition for varicose veins is almost no different from the usual diet.

If you have problems with the outflow of fluid from the body, then it is recommended to limit salt intake in order to avoid water retention, which puts additional pressure on the vessels.

Going on a strict diet makes sense if you are overweight. Then you are shown a low-calorie diet that will help you lose weight and feel better. You will see how with each lost kilogram it will become easier for you.

With varicose veins, doctors advise enriching your diet with a variety of vegetables and fruits to provide the body with the necessary vitamins, primarily rutin, bioflavonoids and other biologically active substances.

According to doctors, about one in four adults on the planet suffers from varicose veins. Varicose veins are especially common among women. But there is a disease in men, especially in those whose work is associated with heavy loads on the legs. The right lifestyle for varicose veins is one of the most important factors in the successful treatment of this disease.

Symptoms and causes of the disease

In the human body, blood flow is directed from the bottom to the top. Valves help move blood. Due to various factors, the operation of these valves is prone to malfunction, which leads to impaired blood circulation. In this case, the blood stagnates in the veins, stretching their walls. Due to the stretching of the walls, nodes appear.

Symptoms of varicose veins:

• visually noticeable veins protruding above the skin;
• pain syndrome in the legs;
• heaviness in the limbs;
• burning in the veins;
• cramps at night;
• venous expansion;
• pronounced skin thickening and pigmentation.

Most often, women suffer from varicose veins - in about 3 out of 4 cases. Of these, approximately 60% are those who gave birth. Among sick men, varicose veins most often affects those whose age has exceeded forty.

Factors contributing to the development of varicose veins include:

1. hereditary predisposition. This factor is considered the main one. With a 70% chance, the daughter will be given a tendency to varicose veins if the mother suffers from it. If there is a genetic predisposition, it is necessary to think in advance about preventive measures and the nature of the work. For example, girls who are at risk are not recommended to choose professions associated with increased stress on their legs (hairdresser, teacher, etc.).
2. Working conditions. As mentioned above, the occurrence of varicose veins is influenced by excessive loads on the legs. Sedentary work is another risk factor for varicose veins.
3. General poor health and the presence of other diseases, including those related to the circulation.
4. Hormonal background. Changes in the hormonal system can be triggered by the development of any disease or medication. Contribute to changes in the veins and endocrine diseases, as well as excessive weight. Pregnant women are especially susceptible to varicose veins.

1. Prolonged overheating. To varicose veins leads to a long stay in conditions of high ambient temperature. Too frequent hot baths or going to the sauna, as well as being in the sun for more than an hour, are also risk factors.
2. Uncomfortable shoes. First of all, we are talking about shoes with high heels. Such shoes provoke constant muscle tension and increased blood flow in the limbs. High heels are over 5 cm. The optimal heel length is 2-3 centimeters.
3. Smoking. According to researchers, the substances contained in tobacco products have a direct impact on the development of varicose veins.

Prevention of varicose veins

Sports

Moderate physical activity is one of the most effective preventive measures for varicose veins in the legs. Preference should be given to those sports where, as a result of training, an intense, but fairly smooth contraction of the calf muscles occurs. These sports include dancing, walking, running, cycling, skiing and equestrianism. At the same time, special attention should be paid to footwear: it must be made of high-quality material and be comfortable to use.

The best sport recommended for varicose veins is swimming. A feature of swimming is the nature of physical activity. Despite the intense blood flow, the veins are not subjected to pressure during swimming, as they are in a state similar to weightlessness.

If exercises with simulators are chosen as physical activity, it is recommended to adhere to the following rules:

1. Small weights (up to 1 kg) should be used as weights, and it is best to work with your own body weight.
2. It is better to focus on the number of repetitions, and not on the weight of the weights.
3. Exercises should be divided by time for different muscle groups.
4. Training days should be interspersed with rest days.

Not all sports are equally beneficial for varicose veins. Sharp gusty loads adversely affect the veins. Sports that are not recommended for those at risk of developing varicose veins include tennis, athletics, volleyball, and ice skating.

If the work is associated with prolonged sitting, it is recommended to regularly perform gymnastic exercises that will help improve the blood supply to the legs. Types of exercises are not of fundamental importance: the main thing is to stimulate blood circulation. For example, you can walk around the room, rolling with steps from heel to toe. Another simple exercise is the tiptoe raise. Squats are also useful for varicose veins. During work, it is recommended to periodically change the position, as well as avoid putting one foot on the other foot.

Feet care

1. Washing the ankles with cold water using the shower. The water jet should be as intense as possible - this stimulates the blood supply.
2. Mud masks for the lower extremities. The procedure is designed for 20-25 minutes. Then the mask is removed with cold water, and the legs are treated with cream. Masks help improve blood circulation to tissues, and also relieve swelling. During the procedure, the legs must be kept elevated.
3. Legs should be placed in an elevated position, not only when taking mud baths, but also during rest (for example, when watching TV while lying on the couch). An elevated position refers to the position of the legs above the level of the heart. During sleep, the legs can be placed on a pillow or cushion placed under them.

1. Massage with a wooden block or candle. The procedure is carried out by rolling a wooden block or an ordinary wax candle over the lower part of the leg.
2. manual procedures. Hand massage also strengthens the veins. The procedure is recommended to be carried out daily for 10-15 minutes. The direction of movement is from the foot to the lower leg. The nature of the movements is pressing with the palms and short tapping with the fingers.
3. Cold and hot shower. The combination of hot and cold jets improves blood circulation in the body.
4. The use of ointments and traditional medicine. Blood thinning and warming ointments are used to improve blood flow. Also, compresses made on the basis of oak bark have proven themselves well. Compresses are applied daily for 30-60 minutes.

Proper nutrition

Excess weight is a common cause of varicose veins, since overweight people are characterized by increased stress on the legs. That is why a balanced diet is one of the important factors in the prevention of varicose veins.

The main rule of the diet is to maximize the intake of fruits and vegetables, as well as reduce salty, smoked and fatty foods in the diet. Instead of animal fats, it is recommended to use vegetable fats, as they include acids that promote blood flow.

Note! Harmful food (fatty, fried, salty, spicy) affects the composition of the blood and leads to the formation of blood clots.

An interesting fact is that in Asia, varicose veins are much less common than in the US and Europe. One of the reasons for this is the presence of high-fiber foods in the Asian diet.

Advice! If you are prone to varicose veins, you should avoid or minimize alcohol consumption, as it adversely affects the condition of the veins.

Particular attention with varicose veins should be given to the use of vitamins. For example, vitamins such as C (the maximum amount is found in some berries, citrus fruits and greens), as well as E (it is abundant in olive oil) directly affect the elasticity of the veins. Useful for veins and vitamin P, the concentration of which is especially high in foods such as walnuts, legumes, green onions and sprouted wheat.

Separately, it is worth mentioning the preventive properties of garlic. Just a couple of cloves a day can greatly reduce your risk of developing varicose veins. The fact is that the substances contained in garlic have a positive effect on blood flow. In addition, garlic has general strengthening properties that have a positive effect on the strength of the immune system. This product can be used both in its pure form and as a tincture, where 350 grams of honey is added to 250 grams of the product. The tincture is aged for 2 weeks, and then three times a day is consumed half an hour before meals in a tablespoon.

Advice! If you are prone to varicose veins, it is recommended to refuse or at least limit the consumption of coffee. This drink adversely affects the condition of the veins.

Proper clothing and footwear

Above, wearing shoes with too high heels has already been indicated as factors contributing to varicose veins. Tight, uncomfortable clothing also has a detrimental effect on the veins. It is not recommended to wear tight-fitting clothing. First of all, we are talking about the rejection of tight trousers, as well as stockings and socks with tight elastic bands.

Wearing compression stockings

For preventive and therapeutic purposes, it is recommended to wear special clothing - compression knitwear, which in recent years has replaced the ugly looking elastic bandages. Modern stockings and tights with a massaging effect are more practical and comfortable and at the same time look great from the outside. Thanks to knitwear, it is possible to reduce congestion in the veins.

Knitwear is put on in the morning. And you need to do this in such a way as not to get out of bed. At the same time, the legs are raised at an angle of 40 degrees - this allows you to keep the veins in a physiologically correct position and direct the blood flow of sufficient intensity towards the heart.

The period during which you need to regularly wear compression stockings is at least 6 months. The amount of compression used is determined by the attending physician.

Varicose legs look aesthetically unattractive. In addition, if the disease is not treated, it can develop into life-threatening conditions. Therefore, when the first symptoms of varicose veins are detected, it is necessary to immediately consult a doctor.