How many calories are in kilocalories? How many calories do you need to lose weight or gain weight?

Depending on the reference water temperature adopted, there are several slightly different definitions of a calorie:

1 cal m = 4.1868 J (1 J ≈ 0.2388459 cal m) - international calorie, 1956; 1 cal t = 4.184 J (1 J = 0.23901 cal t) - thermochemical calorie; 1 cal 15 = 4.18580 J (1 J = 0.23890 cal 15) - calorie at 15 °C. 1 cal ≈ 2.6132·10 19 eV. 1 kcal = 1000 cal. 1 kcal = 1.163 watt hour

Previously, the calorie was widely used to measure energy, work and heat, the "calorie" being the heat of combustion of a fuel. Currently, it is used mainly only to estimate energy value (“calorie content”) food products. Usually energy value indicated in kilocalories (“kcal”).

The derivative of the calorie is a unit of measurement of the amount of thermal energy - gigacalorie (Gcal)(10 9 calories) is used for evaluation in heat power engineering, heating systems, and public utilities. A derived unit is also used for these purposes Gcal/h(gigacalorie per hour), characterizing the amount of heat produced or used by this or that equipment per unit of time. This value is equivalent to thermal power.

Calorie content

The calorie content, or energy value, of food refers to the amount of energy that the body receives when it is fully absorbed. To determine full energy value of food, it is burned in a calorimeter and the heat released into the surrounding environment is measured water bath. Human energy consumption is measured in a similar way: in a sealed calorimeter chamber, the heat generated by a person is measured and converted into “burnt” calories - this way you can find out physiological energy value of food. In a similar way, you can determine the energy consumption for life and activity for any person. The table on the right shows the empirical results of these tests, which are used to calculate the value of the products on their packaging. Artificial fats (margarines) and seafood fats have an efficiency of 4-8.5 kcal/g, so you can approximately find out their share in the total amount of fat.

Etymology

The word itself comes from the French. calories, which, in turn, comes from lat. calor, meaning "warmth". Previously [ When?] the terms "small calorie" (corresponding to the modern calorie) and "large calorie" (corresponding to the modern kilocalorie) were also common.

Notes

Literature

• Chemical Encyclopedia ISBN 5-85270-008-8

Links

• Conversion of the amount of work between different units of measurement, including non-system ones.

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See what "Calorie" is in other dictionaries:

Thermal unit. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov A.N., 1910. CALORIE is a unit of heat, see CALORIMETER. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Pavlenkov F., 1907 ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

CALORIE, calories, women. (from Latin calor heat) (physical). The amount of heat required to increase the temperature of any amount of water (gram, kilogram) by one degree and taken as a unit of thermal measurement. Big calorie. (... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

- (Calorie) unit of heat amount. Small calorie (or gram calorie) is the amount of heat required to heat one gram of water by one degree (namely from 19.5° to 20.5°). A large calorie is equal to 1,000 small K. and in technology is called ... ... Marine Dictionary

CALORIE, unit of HEAT. One calorie is the amount of heat required to heat 1 g of water by one degree (from 14.5 to 15.5 ° C). In the SI system, JOLE is used instead of calories (1 calorie = 4.184 joules). Calories indicated for dietary... ... Scientific and technical encyclopedic dictionary

Unit of energy measurement. One calorie is the amount of energy required to heat one gram of water one degree Celsius at sea level. Fat and alcohol contain twice as many calories as carbohydrates and protein. (Culinary... ... Culinary dictionary

- (from Lat. calor heat) non-systemic unit of heat quantity, designated cal; 1 cal = 4.1868 J. Thermochemical calorie is 4.1840 J... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (from Latin calor heat) (cal, cal), non-systemic unit of heat. 1 cal=4.1868 J; K., used in thermochemistry, was equal to 4.1840 J. Physical encyclopedic dictionary. M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. Editor-in-Chief A. M. Prokhorov. 1983 ... Physical encyclopedia

calorie- and, f. calorie f., germ. Kalorie lat. calor warm. A unit of measurement for the amount of heat. BAS 1. || The amount of thermal energy reported to the human body when eating food. ALS 1. After the war you will go to work at the Institute of Food... Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language

CALORIE- CALORIE, the amount of heat required to heat one g of water (small K.) or 1 kg (large K.) by 1 ° C. Small K., or gram calorie, is essentially a variable value along the thermometric scale and changes with t°; ... ... Great Medical Encyclopedia

CALORIE, and, women. Thermal unit. Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 … Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

A unit for measuring thermal energy, i.e. heat. A distinction is made between large and small amounts of heat required to heat 1 kg or 1 g of water by 1°, respectively. Large K. (kcal) is equal to 1,000 small K. (cal) and is equivalent to 427 kgm mechan. work... ... Technical railway dictionary

Books

• Sassy calorie. How to boost your basal metabolism, Yuri Gichev. Today it is difficult to find a person who has not heard what a calorie is. But which of you can explain why in some cases the same calories help us build a beautiful body, but in...

1 gram of protein contains 4 kilocalories

1 gram of carbohydrates is also 4 kilocalories

1 kilocalorie (kcal) is the energy required to heat a whole kilogram of water by 1 degree (and 1 calorie, as written above, is only 1 gram of water)

The energy value of food products is indicated in kilocalories (kcal). .But for convenience, a kilocalorie is often called just a calorie Thus, when we say calorie, we mean kilocalorie.

Let's give an example, How to correctly understand kilojoules, calories and kilocalories:

You burned 300 kcal in the gym. Then you ate an apple containing 50 calories. And then another piece of bread, the packaging of which says 315 kJ.

Since for convenience we use the word calorie, we reduce everything to a single measurement in calories:

Spent:

300 calories

From small to large

When we are born, we know nothing about kilocalories, but without them we could not survive. Every day we got our share energy products nutrition. This is approximately 800 Calories. Having learned to walk, from one year old to one and a half years old, my mother gave us 1330 kilocalories, and from three years old, even 1800. At seven years old, 2400 calories became the norm for us; when we moved to high school, the figure increased to 2900. We were real gluttons in moment of puberty. We could easily eat 3200 kcal worth of food per day. This applies to boys. The girls ate much less, totaling 2800 kcal. After university, each of us followed our own path in life. Some became athletes who needed 4000 to 5000 kcal per day, some became office workers. Quiet work that does not require much effort requires fewer calories. Women need up to 2400 kilocalories per day. And for men, as well as pregnant and lactating women, up to 3400 kcal.

Additional materials on the topic: Calories, kcal. How many calories do you need?

Calories per hour

The woman in our example is overweight, so she needs to reduce her caloric intake and add physical activity. In order to lose weight, it is recommended to reduce calorie intake by 10-15%. This means, in our example, by 175-260 kcal.

So, for a woman in our example, the caloric intake range for weight loss will be 1493-1578 kcal. That is, her caloric deficit will be 175-260 kcal per day.

Remember: under no circumstances should you reduce your caloric intake below 1200 kcal per day (for men no less than 1600 kcal), because you will put your body in a hungry state and lack energy, although today many diets advise reducing your diet to 500-1000 kcal.

Eat less - you weigh less

If you have good health and are planning to lose 5-7 kg on your own, use “crash diets”. The difference between them and therapeutic fasting is that with a “crash diet” you continue to eat regularly. But only with a strictly defined set of products. You can easily find recipes for such nutritional methods in numerous reference publications on improving the health of the body. An example of a “impact diet” is the so-called fragmented diet, which is particularly effective. It is based on the principle of separate consumption of foods of different categories, which allows the body to better absorb food.

Currently, following the principles of a healthy lifestyle (HLS) is very popular. It is considered an integral part proper nutrition. To maintain your weight or get into the desired shape, you need to eat a balanced and healthy diet. Therefore, it is important to understand what the energy value of foods is, how many calories are contained in 1 gram of proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

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Calories of proteins, fats and carbohydrates

The energy value (EC) of food is determined by the amount of energy that the body receives when consuming it. The most important nutrients that almost completely provide humans with necessary calories, are proteins (B), fats (F) and carbohydrates (C).

EC is measured in calories (cal), or more precisely in kilocalories (kcal). 1 kcal is equal to 1000 cal.

Calorie content of main food components:

• in 1 g B - 4 kcal;
• in 1 g U - 4 kcal;
• in 1 g F - 9 kcal.

From the presented list it is clear that fats have the greatest energy value, while proteins and carbohydrates are 2 times less caloric.

Why do you need to know EC?

Despite the fact that the most high-calorie substances are F, the basis of nutrition is U. A balanced diet contains about 45-50% U, 30% B, 20% F.

It should be understood that meals including more Well, it will be high in calories. A person on a diet consumes no more than 1500 kcal daily. If his diet is balanced, he can afford large number variety of dishes. And if 50% of his menu consists of foods that have high energy value, they take up the entire calorie supply for the day. With this ratio, the number of dishes will be halved. Therefore, if you want to lose weight, the level of F decreases to 10-15% and B increases.

Knowledge of energy value nutrients It is also necessary in the opposite situation - if necessary, increase the weight. Actors often have to gain about 15-20 kg in 1-2 months. The basis of the diet in this case is fats. And if necessary, dial muscle mass(for example, for athletes) nutrition should be based on proteins. But at the same time, a balanced diet only works in conjunction with strength training.

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Technically, one calorie is the amount of energy required to heat one gram of water by 1 ºC. There are 1,000 calories in one kilocalorie (kcal), and in this case we are talking not about a gram, but about a kilogram.

What does food have to do with it? The proteins, fats and carbohydrates that make it up contain energy. It is this energy that is measured in calories.

2. Calories allow us to survive, create new tissue and provide energy for movement.

Every time you eat, your body uses the incoming energy for a variety of purposes. It is primarily used to maintain vital functions such as regulating breathing and pumping blood.

The minimum energy required for survival is called the basal metabolic rate. Its value for adult women of normal weight is about 1,330 kcal, for adult men of normal weight - approximately 1,680 kcal Human energy requirements.

The remaining calories and nutrients are used to build and repair tissue. That is why a high-calorie diet is prescribed for burns. Creation also requires energy: new tissue will not build itself.

Any additional calories are used up during physical activity. Moreover, any movement counts. But if you don't burn the remainder, it will be stored as fat.

Finally, there is also digestion: 10–15% of incoming calories are spent on this process.

3. Your body may not need 2,000 kcal per day at all.

4. The quantity and quality of calories are equally important.

You can also lose weight by eating sweets, if you don’t eat enough of them, as one American professor did Twinkie diet helps nutrition professor lose 27 pounds. But the number of calories is only one side of the coin. The nutrients contained in food also matter.

Let's say you decide to have a snack. Low-fat cookies, which contain only 100 kcal, are not best choice, because it has few nutrients and a lot of sugar. Will bring more benefits peanut butter with 190 kcal: it contains less sugar, more protein and vitamins.

5. There are no negative calorie foods.

It is believed that some fruits and vegetables are so low in calories that they require more energy to digest than they can provide. Lie. As already mentioned, the body spends 10–15% of incoming calories on food processing. So everyone else, albeit in negligibly small quantities, remains with you.

6. Calories from carbohydrates are not a universal evil.

Some diets are based on limited carbohydrate intake. But weight increases not because of them, but because of excess calories. So extra pounds you can also dial on chicken breast, if you absorb it without measure.

In general, carbohydrates are different from carbohydrates. Junk foods like candy and soda lack nutrients. Healthy foods, such as whole grains and fruits, are rich in nutrients and fiber.

7. The 3,500 kcal rule is wrong.

In dietetics, it is a common statement that 3,500 kcal is equal to 0.5 kg (that is, if you consume 500 kcal less during the week, you will lose half a kilo). Such figures first appeared in 1958, but are now outdated Farewell to the 3,500-Calorie Rule.

The bottom line is that weight loss varies from person to person and depends on metabolism and other factors. So 3,500 kcal, like the consumption rate, can be considered only an approximate average value.

8. Counting calories doesn't work for everyone.

Obsessing over calories can be detrimental to your health. Let's say, if you prefer to take pretzels instead of almonds just because of their lower calorie content.

On the other hand, it really helps to maintain normal weight. True, not everyone.

In general, the advice is simple: if a calculator makes your life easier and better, continue; if not, then stop tormenting yourself.

Strict calorie control today is an incredibly popular thing, because taking care of yourself, going on diets, losing weight overweight V gym– not just fashionable, but very fashionable. The fight against mysterious calories is being waged on all fronts. They are carefully and scrupulously calculated, they are persistently and purposefully spent... True, sometimes no less mysterious kilocalories appear on the scene, which add intrigue and further confuse those actively losing weight. What is the difference between calories and kilocalories? Let's try to figure it out.

Definition

Calorie– a unit of measurement of the energy value of food, as well as a unit of measurement of energy and work.

Kilocalorie– one thousand calories (by analogy with gram and kilogram, meter and kilometer).

Comparison

It's actually quite simple. A kilocalorie consists of one thousand calories. And calories measure energy, including heat. For this purpose, there is also a unit of measurement called the joule. Perhaps not everyone remembers the school physics course, but meanwhile 1 calorie is equal to 4.18 joules. True, the name joule is used more and more often in scientific works. But the calorie content is indicated on food products. It is worth considering that a calorie shows the amount of energy required to heat one gram of water by one degree Celsius. But today the calorie is used as an understandable equivalent to the energy value of foods.

And here again confusion arises, since the energy value of almost all products is quite high and is measured in kilocalories. Therefore, most manufacturers indicate the term “kcal” - “kilocalories” on the product packaging. But there are also products that simply say “calories,” which misleads consumers. Exercise equipment in sports clubs, which indicate the number of calories consumed by the exerciser (although we are talking about kilocalories), are also often “sinned” with incorrect spelling. Namely, a person’s daily diet is usually calculated in kilocalories. It is easier to count in kilocalories, because such values ​​​​contain fewer zeros.

The chain is as follows: we eat some product, the process of converting energy into heat, which is, relatively speaking, kilocalories. Moreover, according to scientists, 1 gram of carbohydrates, as well as 1 gram of protein, contains four kcal. But 1 gram of fat contains much more kilocalories – as many as nine. That is why, first of all, fatty foods are the cause of extra grams and even kilograms.

Conclusions website

1. A calorie is a component of a kilocalorie; one kilocalorie (kcal) contains 1000 calories.
2. Calories usually indicate the energy value of a product or the loss of “extra” in the gym, and calories are used to calculate a person’s daily diet.