Oldest brewery. The oldest brewery in the world
Beer is perhaps the most famous drink in the world. It is popular literally everywhere, and most adults have tried it. However, despite the popularity of this drink, there are many things about beer that most people don't know about.
1. Beer and facial hair
Thick facial hair can make it difficult to drink beer. It can also be used to make beer. A brewer in Oregon actually discovered a way to make a frothy drink from yeast harvested from his own beard. Although it may seem rather nasty, it works. After all, most of the yeast in the world for fermentation is harvested from rotting rocks. Why can't they wander in a beard.
2. Foam
Many beer drinkers disapprove of foam on the top of the glass: it makes drinking difficult and looks unappetizing to some people. However, the foam is a very important part of the beer. The frothy head, as it is called, is formed by the complex reaction of carbon dioxide and can tell a lot about the quality of a beer. Many famous beers, including Guinness, are characterized by a thick head of foam. The absence of it may mean that the beer is probably stale and tasteless. The "holy grail" of foam enthusiasts is the so-called "Brussels lace" - a perfect foam that does not settle and forms a lacy pattern in the glass after it is empty.
3. Marijuana and beer
Not many people know that marijuana and beer are actually quite close relatives. The flavoring in beer, hops, is a member of the cannabis family, which (as the name suggests) also includes cannabis. Even though they are plants from the same family, they share many genetic properties.
4. Dead animals and beer
Taxidermy is definitely one of the few things not associated with beer at all. At least that's what most people think. But the British brewery BrewDog clearly disagrees and released in 2011 the strongest beer in the world at 55 percent ABV. And its main feature was that each bottle of the drink, which was called "The End of History", was placed inside a stuffed animal (the cork was sticking out of its mouth).
5. The oldest beer in the world
While there is a lot of information about drinking beer throughout history, actual recipes for ancient beer are hard to come by. In 2010, the remains of a shipwreck were found near Finland. A real treasure was found in the hold of the ship - the oldest drinking beer in the world. On the palate, it had notes of burnt cork and a sour taste (the latter was attributed to the fermentation process, and the actual taste is supposed to be much more pleasant). Now they are going to start producing a new brand of beer according to this ancient recipe.
6. Michael Jackson and beer
When discussing Michael Jackson, most beer drinkers don't mean the King of Pop at all. They talk about British Michael Jackson (1942-2007), a scientist who researched beer and came up with new recipes for it. Jackson (who earned the nickname "Beer Hunter") was a writer and journalist who single-handedly saved beer from obscurity in the late 1970s (at the time, beer was considered a disgusting drink for the poor). Jackson always thought that beer was an important component of culture and without his research, the modern world of alcohol would be completely different.
7. Water and beer
Although water is generally quite tasteless, it is actually a very important factor in the taste of beer. After all, the main ingredient of beer is water, and no ingredients will save beer if it was brewed with low-quality water. Throughout history, many brewers have based their production exactly where there was quality water.
8. Pyramids and beer
In ancient Egypt, there were so many bacteria in the water of the Nile that the locals often drank beer instead of water. This came in handy during the mass construction of the Egyptians. When the pyramids of Giza were built, the workers were paid in part with beer. They were kept constantly lightly drunk, being given beer three times a day. Without this, the workers would surely have rebelled.
9 Peruvian Saliva Beer
Chicha is a traditional Peruvian corn beer said to have been brewed as far back as the Inca era. His secret ingredient was extremely strange - it was saliva. There are many strange bacteria and enzymes in the human mouth. Some of them can actually replace the brewing process. This means that the fermentation process of corn can be activated by chewing it, moistening it in the mouth, and then spitting it into the beer mixture.
10. The best beer in the world
Beers are extremely difficult to rank. After all, this is purely a matter of taste and some people like one beer, others - a completely different variety. However, when it comes to choosing the absolute best beer in the world, all beer lovers agree on one thing - Westvleteren 12 . This is a 10.2% dark beer with a refined, chocolate flavor. And it is produced by a monastery in Belgium.
Weltenburg monastery
The oldest brewery in the world
Very beautiful Danube from the Weltenburg monastery to Kelheim. (Germany, Bavaria). Here it is located in a narrow and deep gorge, the cliffs are covered with forests. Looks very creepy
The monastery was founded in 617 by Irish or Scottish monks sent from the French monastery of Luxeuil by Saint Columban and is the oldest monastery in Bavaria. In 700, a new temple was erected in Weltenburg by Saint Rupert. In the future, the abbey was repeatedly completed and rebuilt, the central place in it was occupied by the church of St. George, built in 1716-1739. Azam brothers. In 1803, during the general secularization of Bavaria, the monastery was closed. On August 25, 1842, Weltenburg was re-established as a priory of the Metten monastery. From 1858 he was a member of the Bavarian congregation of the Order of St. Benedict, and in 1913 again received the status of an independent abbey.
The monastery has its own brewery, according to some estimates - the oldest operating brewery in the world (founded in 1050). Wikipedia
No less famous are the ceiling frescoes depicting saints and the sky - the work of Kosmas Damian Asam (Kosmas Damian Asam).
The Church of St. George, the work of the creative tandem Asam, is also known as the first oval-shaped church building.
TOLike in many monasteries of medieval Europe in Weltenburg they brewed their own beer for a long time (since 1050!) The barley drink helped the brethren to survive strict fasts. There is a legend how the Weltenburg monks obtained from the Pope permission to consume beer, an alcoholic drink, even during fasts. Dad demanded a keg of beer for testing, since it was not in use in Italy, the drink had hopelessly deteriorated along the way - there was no pasteurization then. The head of the Catholic Church found the liquid disgusting in taste and did not see much temptation in its consumption.
The Weltenburg Brewery is still active today and is the oldest active monastery brewery in the world. 10 types of beer are produced here, here you can also buy several bottles in beautiful souvenir packaging or sit in the historic beergarten with a glass of original Weltenburg monastery beer.
Interestingly, 2 Bavarian breweries dispute the right to be called "the oldest brewery in the world." Here is the information in the paper Kommersant.Vlast (No. 50, December 21, 2009):
In 1040, the German city of Friesing issued a license to Weihenstephan Abbey to produce and sell monastery beer. This year is considered the founding year of the world's oldest brewing company, Bayerische Staatsbrauerei Weihenstephan. The Weihenstephan brewery continues to produce beer to this day and even included the phrase "the oldest brewery in the world" in its logo.
A rival, and a very decisive one, for Bayerische Staatsbrauerei Weihenstephan was and remains another Bavarian brewery - Weltenburg. The monks of the Weltenburg monastery received a license for the production and sale of beer 10 years later. Nevertheless, they have their own arguments to consider themselves the oldest. The Weihenstephan Monastery was closed by Napoleon in 1803, at the same time the monastery brewery was nationalized, which has been a state brewery ever since. But the Veltenburg monastery still exists and has been selling real monastery beer all this time.
In the end, the dispute was resolved as follows. The Weltenburgers stopped protesting against the inscription on the Weihenstephan logo and came up with an inscription for themselves. Every bottle of Weltenburg beer now bears the inscription "The oldest monastery brewery in the world".
http://moistraubing.de/index.php/bayern/kelheim
About the five oldest breweries in the world. All of them are located in Germany. Portal Pivo.by published a translation of the material.
Germany is the birthplace of the Beer Purity Law, it is here that the biggest beer festival Oktoberfest takes place, and it is here that five of the oldest breweries in the world are located. Their history is rooted in such distant times that, of course, everyone should visit them and try their beer.
Weihenstephan (Bavaria)
This is probably the oldest brewery in the world, as evidenced by the documents granting her privileges dating back to 1040. The Benedictines of Weihenstephan Monastery have been brewing beer continuously for nearly a thousand years. Now run by the Bavarian government, the brewery is one of the most notable because of the unique old recipes that are believed to keep its beer unchanged for centuries. The visiting card of the brewery is a light and aromatic wheat beer.
Weltenburg Abbey Brewery (Kelheim, Bavaria)
Weltenburg Abbey is located in a bend of the upper Danube, among the white cliffs of the Franconian Alb mountain range. Although the main local attraction may be considered an extravagant late baroque church that attracts tourists, many of them come here solely for the sake of beer. The abbey has one of the oldest breweries in the world, which has been brewing beer continuously since 1050. The most popular variety is the dark, almost black Kloster Barock Dunkel.
Bolten Brewery (Korshenbroch)
The history of the Bolten private brewery dates back to 1266. It was then that the founder of the brewery, Heinrich, received the right to brew beer. Today, Bolten beer is valued for its taste. They offer the oldest alt-style beer, a traditional top-fermented German beer that ranges in color from light bronze to dark copper.
Privatbrauerei Gaffel Becker & Co. (Cologne)
Gaffel, one of the ten largest beer producers in Germany, is also one of the oldest in the world. The history of the brewery dates back to 1302. Experts see the secret to the success of this brewery in the excellent quality of the water used here.
Augustiner-Bräu (Munich)
The historic Augustiner-Bräu brewery has been in the Augustinian monastery since at least 1328. And although at present only memories have been preserved of the monastery, since it was closed by Napoleon in 1803, the brewery is still operating, since 1817 - at its current headquarters. Augustiner is one of six breweries that have the right to brew Oktoberfest beer. Their signature variety is the tart lager Edelstoff Augustiner.
The top five oldest breweries in the world are located in Germany. But in Europe there are many breweries that have existed for more than one hundred years. Naturally, this list includes breweries from Germany's neighboring Austria: Hubertus Brewery was founded in La an der Thaya in 1454, and Stiegl in Salzburg in 1492. The Grolsch brewery has existed in the Netherlands since 1615, the English Three Tuns Brewery since 1642, and the Irish Smithwick's, which invented Kilkenny beer, was opened in 1710. There are centuries-old examples in neighboring Poland. The founding date of Tyskie Browary Książęce is considered to be 1629, although there is information about the existence of the brewery as early as 1613 - thus, its history goes back more than 400 years.
The history of the brewery, where you can taste excellent beer that has been brewed for over 1000 years
The most remarkable stories associated with beer are, of course, connected with central Europe, where this drink is valued much more than any other alcohol.
So, north of Munich is a brewery that is so many years old that not only the current Germans, but also their great-great-great-great-grandparents enjoyed the beer that is made in it. And what is most interesting - no matter what adversity happened to this brewery, the locals rebuilt it again and again, wanting to enjoy this divine drink again.
Weihenstephan Brewery
The most remarkable stories associated with beer are, of course, connected with central Europe, where this drink is valued much more than any other alcohol. So, north of Munich is a brewery that is so many years old that not only the current Germans, but also their great-great-great-great-grandparents enjoyed the beer that is made in it. And what is most interesting - no matter what adversity happened to this brewery, the locals rebuilt it again and again, wanting to enjoy this divine drink again.
Weihenstephan is one of the trademarks of Germany
In 1040, the monks acquired a license to brew beer, and this date is considered the official birth date of the current brewery. However, the documents are documents, and the times were such that the premises and equipment itself were difficult to preserve: over the next 400 years, the Weinstephan Monastery was completely burned to the ground four times, the monks faced the plague three times, they even survived the strongest earthquake! The monastery was attacked by the Swedes, the French, the Austrians - and each time the walls of the monastery and its brewery were destroyed, and each time after that the monks persistently rebuilt everything again.
Monastery Weinstephan (Weihenstephan)
In 1516, the Duke of Bavaria, Wilhelm IV, issued a most interesting law for those times, which continues to be valid today (which is true, with some amendments). The law was called "Reinheitsgebot" ("Beer Purity Commandment") and required the use of only three ingredients when brewing beer: barley, water and hops. Moreover, the law also stipulated when exactly beer could be brewed - "von Michaelis bis auff Georij" - from St. Michael's Day (September 29) to St. George's Day (April 23).
A bear dressed as a Benedictine monk at the entrance to the Weihenstephan brewery.
It was this law that determined the special taste of German and, in particular, Bavarian beer for many centuries. Later, yeast was allowed to be added to these ingredients, but the brewing recipes did not undergo any cardinal changes and additives. All beer that was brewed illegally was confiscated. Every time the monks exceeded the legal fee for beer, they were forced to pay a fine.
Today, Weihenstephan attracts a huge number of tourists and beer connoisseurs.
Interestingly, Reinheitsgebot is still relevant today. For German breweries, this is a real headache, as the law restricts the variety of beers and does not allow them to compete with neighboring countries. It wasn't until 1993 that lobbyists managed to push for a small change in the law that allowed a greater variety of malted grains to be used to create fermented beer. But even with these changes to the law, not a single non-natural ingredient is allowed to be used in German brewing.
Beer "Weinstephan"
300 years after the publication of this law, the Weinstephan monastery went bankrupt. During secularization, the state confiscated the property of the monastery and the Weihenstephan abbey ceased to exist. Nevertheless, the Weihenstephan brewery continued to flourish, moreover, it acquired a new status and became the "Royal Bavarian State Brewery Weihenstephan".
Brewery in Bavaria
And again, as at the beginning of the creation of the brewery, the whole life revolved around the production of beer. The University of Agriculture and Brewing was built nearby, in which the most popular specialties still remain those related to the production of beer. Weihenstephan became the center of brewing art, and for many years, when the brewery was destroyed and rebuilt again and again, it finally gave way to confident stability and brought more than tangible results.
Weihenstephan Brewery
Interestingly, the monks at the Weinstephan monastery were not the only ones who decided to start creating beer - there are at least two other breweries in Bavaria that also claim to be the oldest in the world. Hofbrauhaus has been brewing beer since 1100, and Weltenburg Abbey since 1050. But documents are documents - when the monks of Weinstephan applied for an official license in 1040, they secured the status of their brewery for many years to come, and today Weihenstephan is officially the oldest brewery in the world.
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The Weihenstephan brewery is the oldest in the world. According to the official version, beer has been brewed here since 1040, which we always talk about during our tours of Munich and Bavaria. That year, local Benedictine monks were granted the right to brew beer within the walls of the monastery and sell it. True, many copies have been broken about this date, because in Bavaria there is also the Weltenburg brewery, founded in 1050 and also claiming to be the oldest manufacturer in the world.
So far, the dispute between the breweries has been resolved as follows: the Weihenstephaner brewery included the phrase "the oldest brewery in the world" on its logo, and the Weltenburg brewery inscribed "the oldest monastery brewery in the world" on its logo.
Public transport from Munich can be reached by S-Bahn 1, to the final stop. Be careful - the train consists of two parts!!! One says Flughafen (airport), don't get in there!! At the Neufahrn station, Neufahrn is divided in half, the first car goes to the airport, the second to Freising.
The city of Freising, where the Weinstephan brewery is located, is a few centuries older than Munich, so take a walk before you start tasting the hop line. And here the order is important. First the city, then the beer. In reverse order, at least I can't. There is a beer called Vitus. For those in the know, this is Weizenbock. Translated into Russian - strong wheat beer (strength 7.7% vol.) A serious drink and it is better not to be rude with it, otherwise the evening will be lost.
The old houses of Freising picturesquely stand along the banks of numerous canals and the Isar, where trout splash in the clear water. Some streets in the city are so narrow that two people have to walk one after another. Above the city hangs the bulk of the residence of the Bavarian bishop. In fact, this is a huge castle-fortress, to which steep and narrow paths lead, in the interweaving of which it is easy to get lost. The castle has repeatedly suffered from numerous wars, so the elements of the fortress are quite logical. The main cathedral was built, in the best traditions of the Middle Ages, for five hundred years. Therefore, in it you can find elements of the Romanesque style, Gothic and, of course, Baroque. Where would Bavaria be without baroque.
A loaded bear with barrels is standing here not on a whim, but on business. Monks at all times had to fast, this is part of their job. The list of products allowed in fasting is limited, and there is no possibility for the human body to devour. Sometimes dad gave permission to include any products in the lenten menu. Although he is not a nutritionist, he has rights. The monks loaded the barrels of the bear and took beer to Rome. A bear without a balalaika and a bicycle does not move quickly, the journey to the eternal city took more than two months. Naturally, in the heat, the beer turned into a rare sour rubbish. They say that Dad tried it, thought that there is no life beyond the Alps, if people are ready to drink such muck and gave permission for the consumption of the drink. They say you can’t drink a lot of this swill anyway. Since then, monks have been drinking beer to maintain strength and good spirits. And in fasting, especially dense and strong varieties of dark beer are brewed.
