Ethyl alcohol poisoning is acute alcohol intoxication.

I. Gastric lavage through a probe (3-5 liters of water 37 °). P. In acute respiratory failure:

1. Restoration of airway patency (suction of vomit).

2. IVL 100% oxygen.

3. Naloxone (0.4 mg in 1 ml) 2-4 ml IV slowly..

Antidotes: sodium thiosulfate 20% - 20 ml IV, unithiol 5% -10 ml IV.

In endotoxic shock: dopamine 200 mg at 5% glucose solution 500 ml IV, disol, acesol 500 ml IV, HES 6% - 250 ml IV, HAES 250 ml IV.

Fight against acidosis:

Sodium bicarbonate 4% - up to 1000 ml IV under the control of blood pH.

Ascorbic acid 5% -10 ml IV.

VI. For encephalopathy:

1. Thiamine 5% - 2 ml IV.

Magnesia sulfate 25% - 5 ml IV slowly.

Lasix 20 mg IV.

VII. With hypoglycemia: glucose 40% - 40 ml IV.

VIII. For convulsions: Relanium 0.5% - 2 ml IV.

Pulmonology

Provide emergency care for an asthma attack.

Algorithm for the provision of emergency care for an attack of bronchial asthma.

Inhalation (short-acting β2-agonists through a metered-dose aerosol inhaler with a spacer of salbutamol, berotek or berodual 2 breaths, preferably through a nebulizer (2 ml / 2.5 mg salbutamol, berotek 10 drops or berodual 20 drops). If there is no effect, repeat inhalations up to 3 x times within an hour.

Prednisolone 30-60 mg (or dexamethasone 4-8 mg) IV.

Solution of Eufillin 2.4% - 10 ml IV.

4. If the attack is not stopped - hospitalization

Treatment of patients with exacerbation of bronchial asthma.

Initial Therapy

Oxygen inhalation until SaO 2 ≥ 90%.

Continuous inhalation of a fast-acting β 2 agonist for 1 hour.

In the absence of an immediate response, or if the patient has recently taken oral corticosteroids, or if there is a severe asthma attack, systemic corticosteroids.

With exacerbation, sedative therapy is contraindicated.

Treatment for a severe asthma attack

Oxygen.

Inhaled β 2 -agonist and inhaled anticholinergic drug.

Systemic GCS.

Intravenous administration of magnesium sulfate solution.

A good response to treatment within 1-2 hours is treatment at home.

Unsatisfactory response to treatment within 1-2 hours - transfer to the intensive care unit / intensive care unit

Oxygen.

Inhaled β2-agonist + inhaled anticholinergic drug.

Intravenous GCS.

Perhaps intravenous administration of β2-agonists.

Perhaps intravenous administration of theophylline.

Intubation and IVL are possible.

Providing emergency care for asthma

oxygen therapy

Nebulizer therapy:

1. β2-agonists (berotek 10 caps or salbutamol 2.5 mg or berodual 20 caps) via nebulizer every 20 minutes for the first hour, then after 1 hour, then after 4 hours.

2. Pulmicort 1-2 mg x 2 times a day through a nebulizer.

The introduction of systemic GCS: Prednisolone 60 mg x 2 times / in drip.

Infusion therapy (up to 2 l) under the control of diuresis:

oxygen therapy

Nebulizer therapy:

β2-agonists (berotek 10 caps or salbutamol 2.5 mg or berodual 20 caps) through a nebulizer every 20 minutes for the first hour, then after 1 hour, then after 4 hours.

Pulmicort 2-4 mg x 2 times a day.

Infusion therapy (2-2.5 l) under the control of diuresis:

Administration of systemic corticosteroids: Prednisolone 60 mg x 3-4 times a day intravenously.

Eufillin 2.4% -10.0 x 2 times / in drip.

Heparin 10 thousand. x 2 times / in drip.

With an increase in signs of hypoxia (precoma), cordiamine 2.0 IV, magnesium sulfate 25% -10.0 IV.

III stage

IVL with sanitation of the bronchial tree through an endotracheal tube. Nebulizer therapy in the same volume through the ventilator circuit.

Doubling the dose of corticosteroids.

Continuation of the introduction of bronchodilators, heparin, cordiamine, cardiac glycosides according to indications. Carrying out the correction of metabolic disorders. (solution of sodium bicarbonate 200 ml, potassium preparations, etc.)

With a poor response to therapy (decrease in PSV), in stages I and II, SGCS is added at a dose of 30 mg of prednisolone.

With steroid-dependent bronchial asthma, the maintenance dose of GCS is immediately doubled.

In the absence of a nebulizer, β2-agonists are prescribed 4 inhalations via ppm with a spacer 3 times within 1 hour, then 2 inhalations after 1 hour, and then after 4 hours. Prednisolone in/in drip and/m: in I tbsp. - 240-360 mg / day, in the II st. - 360-720 mg / day, in the III st. - up to 1000 mg / day or more.

Quincke's edema and emergency care for it

Algorithm for emergency care for Quincke's edema.

Antihistamines (solution of suprastin 2.0 ml IV, solution of tavegil 2.0 ml IV).

Systemic glucocorticosteroids parenterally (prednisolone 90-120 mg IV or desamethasone 16-24 mg IV).

Lasix 4.0 ml IM

With an increase in suffocation - tracheostomy.

Algorithm for emergency care in anaphylactic shock.

Stop the medication immediately.

Lay the patient down (head below the legs), turn the head to the side, protrude the lower jaw, remove removable dentures.

Apply a venous tourniquet to the limb above the injection site for 25 minutes (every 10 minutes loosen the tourniquet for 1-2 minutes).

Chop the injection site at 5-6 points with 0.1% adrenaline solution - 0.3-0.5 ml with 4-5 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution.

Apply ice or a heating pad with cold water to the injection site for 15 minutes.

Inject 0.1% solution of adrenaline 0.3-0.5 ml intramuscularly into the limb free from the tourniquet (if necessary, repeat the injections after 5-20 minutes, in total up to a dose of 2 ml).

Inject a solution of prednisolone 90-120 mg (or dexamethasone 8-16 mg) intravenously in 20.0 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution.

Provide access to the vein, start a bolus of fluid (normal saline for adults - 1 l, for children at the rate of 20 ml / kg of body weight).

When blood pressure is more than 90 mm Hg. - suprastin 2% - 2 ml / m or tavegil 0.1% - 2 ml / m. In case of prevalence in the clinical picture:

Violation of hemodynamics. Adrenaline 0.1% - 1 ml diluted in 100 ml of physiological saline and administered intravenously as slowly as possible (or mezaton 1% - 1.0 ml or dopamine 400 mg (2 ampoules) intravenously drip on glucose solution 5 % -500 ml) under the control of heart rate and blood pressure. Prednisolone 60 mg IV drip or dexamethasone 8 mg per 200.0 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution.

asthmatic syndrome. Eufillin 2.4% -10.0 in / in 20.0 ml - 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Prednisolone 60 mg IV drip or dexamethasone 8 mg per 200.0 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Inhalation of p2 - short-acting agonists, preferably through a nebulizer (2 ml / 2.5 mg salbutamol or berodual)

3 . Quincke's edema. Lasix 1% - 2.0 ml IV. Prednisolone 60-150 mg IV.

With swelling of the larynx and an increase in suffocation - a tracheostomy. If after 20-30 minutes the condition does not improve:

Re-introduce the solution of adrenaline 0.1% - 0.5 ml / m.

Prednisolone 60 mg (or dexamethasone 8 mg) intravenously in 200 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Daily dose of prednisolone up to 1000 mg or more.

Norepinephrine 0.2% - 0.2-1 ml or epinephrine 0.1% -1 ml intravenously in drops of 500 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. If the condition does not improve, further management in the intensive care unit: mechanical ventilation "mouth to mouth", then intubation with a supply of 100% oxygen, and IV infusion therapy begins (adrenaline, glucocorticosteroids, plasma-substituting solutions, etc.).

With lightning-fast form of shock - cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Many people believe that drinking alcohol is a way to relieve psycho-emotional stress, relax and cheer up. Few people think that even a small dose of alcohol can become a very insidious and cruel poison for the human body. According to statistics, more than 50% of deaths as a result of poisoning occurs precisely when poisoning with alcohol and its surrogates. Therefore, it is very important to provide timely assistance to a person who has been poisoned by alcohol-containing drinks.

Each organism is individual, therefore, for each person there is a so-called own dose of alcohol, which becomes poison for him. It depends on weight, hereditary factors, the presence of chronic diseases, the condition of the stomach and liver, the conditions for taking alcohol (snacks, other drinks) and many other factors.

A person who is in a state of alcoholic intoxication is not able to adequately assess his condition and therefore may not notice that he has been poisoned by alcohol-containing drinks.

Signs of alcohol poisoning

• Lack of self-criticism and overestimation of one's capabilities (a person does not admit that he is drunk and continues to drink);
• impaired coordination of movements, attention disorder;
• loud, incoherent and indistinct speech;
• liberation of instincts controlled in a sober state (sexual, food, etc.);
• slow heart rate - less than 60 beats per minute;
• redness of the face, increased sweating;
• nausea and vomiting.

If you do not stop drinking alcohol, then the signs of poisoning are aggravated, and the onset of an alcoholic coma is possible. A person loses consciousness, his body temperature drops, pupils constrict. Perhaps involuntary urination and defecation, profuse vomiting. In this state, the activity of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems is disrupted. In victims, the pulse quickens, it becomes threadlike (poorly palpable), breathing becomes noisy. There may be copious separation of saliva and mucus, sometimes in the form of foam.

Alcoholic coma can be of varying severity. If the coma is superficial, then after washing the stomach, the person regains consciousness. And with a coma of moderate severity and a deep coma, the victim needs emergency hospitalization in the toxicology department for medical care.

First aid for alcohol poisoning

When the first signs of alcohol poisoning appear, the victim's stomach should be washed from the amount of alcohol that has not yet been absorbed into the blood. For this purpose, it is necessary to induce vomiting in the poisoned person.

If a person is conscious, then he should be offered to drink several glasses of boiled water at room temperature and mechanically provoke an attack of vomiting. Rinse the stomach until water begins to flow out of the victim instead of vomit. After washing the stomach, the poisoned person should drink sweet tea with lemon, natural coffee or milk and take activated charcoal (1 tablet for every 10 kg of a person's weight). The victim must be warmed by applying a warm heating pad to the feet and hands.

If a person is unconscious, it is necessary to urgently call an ambulance team. To bring the victim to his senses, you can bring cotton wool moistened with ammonia to his nose. If ammonia is not at hand, then you can rub the patient's ears, thus ensuring blood flow to the head. You also need to ensure the flow of fresh air into the room by opening the window. It is impossible to start gastric lavage and forcibly force to drink sorbents if a person is inadequate or unconscious. If an unconscious victim begins to vomit, then turn his head to the side in order to avoid getting vomit into the respiratory tract.

In severe cases, even cardiac arrest is possible. In such a situation, it is necessary to immediately begin resuscitation measures (indirect heart massage), without waiting for the arrival of the ambulance team.

How to prevent alcohol poisoning

It is desirable, of course, to refuse the use of alcoholic beverages. If you still want to drink, then you can take some preventive measures that will help prevent alcohol intoxication:

• do not drink alcohol on an empty stomach;
• before the feast, you can eat a sandwich with butter or lard;
• during the feast it is necessary to have a good snack;
• you can not lower the strength of drinks and mix different alcohol;
• do not drink alcohol with carbonated drinks;
• the room must be ventilated, especially with a large crowd of people;
• smoking is not recommended;
• before drinking alcohol and during a feast, you can take drugs that prevent alcohol intoxication (Zorex, Limontar).

Which doctor to contact

Severe alcohol poisoning is treated in the toxicology department, where the patient is examined by a toxicologist, resuscitator, neurologist. With repeated abuse of alcohol, especially in adolescents, consultation with a narcologist is necessary.

For information on how to deal with alcohol poisoning (by oversight or mistake) in children, watch the video.

A little good alcohol helps to increase blood circulation, shake up and cheer up. However, if the dose is exceeded, the consequences may be very different. Intoxication occurs, the body begins to reject alcohol, and the person feels unwell. If alcohol poisoning occurs - what to do at home, how to overcome the symptoms with the help of drugs or folk remedies, calm the stomach and tone yourself.

What is alcohol poisoning

With the use of a moderate amount of alcoholic beverages, ethyl is neutralized by the liver, and its decay products are excreted along with the urine. If the dosage of alcohol was exceeded, or a person unknowingly drank a surrogate, the liver cannot cope, and harmful substances begin to interfere with the work of all the necessary systems of the body. As a result, alcohol poisoning is a complex of negative consequences, the appearance of which is associated with excessive consumption of ethyl alcohol.

Symptoms

External manifestations of intoxication appear gradually. At the initial stage of intoxication, a drunk person can be recognized by dilated pupils, unsteady gait, reddening of the face and a characteristic smell from the mouth. With an increase in the concentration of alcohol, clouding of consciousness is observed, nausea may appear, and vomiting may begin. After sleep, intoxication will remind you of a headache, dehydration, dizziness.

Symptoms of severe alcohol poisoning are much more serious. External manifestations include incoherent speech, loss of balance, lack of response to any external stimuli. With an increase in symptoms, alcohol damage begins to develop rapidly: loss of consciousness, weak breathing, blanching of the skin. In the extreme stage, a deep coma and even cardiac arrest are possible.

Treatment of alcohol poisoning at home

The body needs help to remove ethyl alcohol, neutralize toxins and other decay products. Therefore, the first aid for alcohol poisoning is gastric lavage. To clean the esophagus, it is necessary to induce artificial vomiting. You can use the folk way - drink a few glasses of salted water with soda. It is necessary to perform manipulations until the stomach is completely cleansed.

It is worth knowing that in a severe stage, such treatment of alcohol poisoning at home is simply unacceptable. The correct action in this situation is to call an ambulance or independently transfer the victim to the hospital. While waiting, it is worthwhile to provide the following assistance: turn the person on his side, stick out his tongue to prevent gastric juice or food debris from entering the respiratory tract.

Calling a narcologist at home

Not everyone takes alcohol with euphoria. Some patients, on the contrary, become violent when intoxicated, get into a fight or try to commit suicide. In this case, drug treatment at home is an ideal option. Qualified specialists will help to pacify the drunk, give the right medicines and put a dropper. In addition, if necessary, a call to the narcologist at home can be done anonymously.

Dropper for alcohol intoxication at home

In extreme cases, or drunken alcoholics, doctors recommend putting droppers. They help to quickly cleanse the blood, remove the remnants of alcohol, bring the drinker to life without a trip to the hospital. Another undoubted plus of droppers for alcohol intoxication at home is the ability to adjust the composition based on the patient's history and symptoms.

Very often, the following combinations of drugs are used for treatment:

1. A solution of glucose with salt - to thin the blood. It helps replenish the amount of CSF in the bloodstream.
2. Glucose 10% with magnesium plus insulin - to restore overall water balance.
3. Soda solutions - to prevent metabolic acidosis.
4. Electrolytes, butanedioic and maleic acid or sodium thiosulfate with unithiol - for the active elimination of alcohol from the blood plasma and the body as a whole.
5. Glucose 5-10% with small doses of insulin - to increase the level of sugar in the blood plasma and prevent oxygen starvation of the brain.

What to drink with alcohol poisoning

If the degree is mild - what to do at home? You can try to recover without medical help: professional or improvised means. All absorbents available in the house are perfect: black or white activated carbon, enterosgel, sorbex and others. Try making simple herbal teas. In addition, you need to drink a lot of medicinal mineral water, water without gas, simple sweet tea in case of alcohol poisoning.

Phytotherapy

From medicinal herbs, mint leaves or lemon balm, chamomile, grated ginger root, tansy, dill seeds effectively help with poisoning. For self-herbal medicine, try preparing one or more decoctions according to the following schemes:

• Take 3-4 sprigs of lemon balm, knead with your hands and put in a thermos. Infuse the composition for at least two hours. Ready infusion is supposed to be consumed during the day.
• Pour two tablespoons of dill seed into ½ cup of water and boil for 5-7 minutes. Let the drink cool slightly, divide into two halves. Apply according to this scheme: one part in the morning, the second in the evening.
• Grate or finely chop the ginger root. Pour the raw material with a liter of boiling water, let it brew. Then add a little liquid honey, divide into 3-4 parts and drink a day.

Preparations for the removal of alcohol intoxication

Along with affordable folk remedies, medicines will help you get rid of the consequences of a noisy party. Preparations for the removal of alcohol intoxication can be conditionally divided into three parts:

1. Enterosorbents - help to restore the intestinal microflora, improve digestion, and contribute to the normalization of stool. This group of drugs includes: activated carbon, smecta, polyphepan, polysorb, enterosgel, algisorb and others.
2. Symptomatic drugs - speed up metabolism, increase efficiency, fight migraines. Buy Biotredin, Zorex, Limontar, Yantavit, Glycine, Alkoseltzer at the pharmacy.
3. Homeopathic remedies - break down alkodegildrosis, normalize metabolism. These include: Proproten 100 and Anti-E.

How to stop vomiting after alcohol poisoning

Very often, after alcohol, a person is sick, nausea appears, bouts of vomiting come on. Doctors consider this to be the norm, but exactly to the extent that vomiting does not begin to appear on an empty stomach. There are several ways to stop vomiting after alcohol poisoning:

1. Attach a thick cloth soaked in ice water or ice cubes to the back of the head.
2. Try to arrange a sobering-up station in the house. Open all windows, turn on the air conditioner.
3. Drink some cold water. If there are restorative drugs, like Regidron, then take the medicine.

With severe vomiting, it is important to take the correct position of the body. It is forbidden to tip the victim on his back or throw back his head. So the vomit can get into the nasopharynx. In addition, it is desirable to look at the color of the released liquid. The presence of bile or drops of blood in the vomit should be the first signals that it is urgent to call an ambulance.

What can you eat after alcohol poisoning

As soon as excess alcohol leaves the body, it is equally important to establish a proper diet. On the first day after poisoning, if possible, it is better to refuse any food, replacing it with mineral water, tea, in extreme cases, chicken broth or crackers. On the second day, you can cook your own Lenten meals. Well help with rice porridge, semolina, boiled lean meat.

After poisoning with alcohol, you need to eat in small portions, and cook food only by steaming or by boiling. The use of canned, smoked, fatty or salty foods is not recommended. It takes only three days to follow these rules in case of poisoning. During this time, the stomach calms down, digestion normalizes, and the microflora of the intestinal mucosa returns to normal. Then you can gradually expand your diet.

Folk methods of treatment

How to remove alcohol intoxication at home? Try to put into practice traditional methods of treating a hangover:

• Force yourself to drink kefir, milk or curdled milk. You should not get drunk with beer or vodka, otherwise you can go into a binge.
• In the morning, drink a few tablets of allochol. If not, then activated charcoal.
• You can relieve migraine caused by alcohol consumption and increase efficiency with aspirin or ascorbic acid.
• To restore the water-alkaline balance after the withdrawal of alcohol, drink more water. Suitable traditional brine, alkaline mineral water, juice or compote. No less effective will be a sip of weak tea or coffee.
• In order for the treatment of alcohol intoxication to go faster, take a cold, then a hot shower. On the second day you can go to the bath.

Consequences of alcohol intoxication

Even with a small portion of alcohol after sleep, a person feels overwhelmed, a headache may appear, and performance may decrease. If the doses were significantly exceeded, then the consequences of alcohol intoxication are also displayed on the psyche. There is a sharp change in mood, psychosis, mental activity decreases, persecution mania may develop.

Toxic poisoning of the body can aggravate chronic diseases or exacerbate those pathologies that were previously in a latent form. In addition, an excess amount of alcohol on an ongoing basis leads to the risk of irreversible conditions: disorders in the liver, heart, and brain. Chronic drinkers often suffer from psychosis, necrosis, peptic ulcers, arrhythmias, fibrosis, or cirrhosis of the liver.

Video: Treatment of alcohol poisoning at home

Alcohol poisoning is a dangerous condition during which most of the internal organs, the brain, are affected. It can lead to permanent disability and death. This article discusses in detail the first aid for alcohol poisoning at home, the main signs of the use of alcohol surrogates.

What are the main causes of alcohol poisoning

Below are the main causes of alcohol poisoning.

• One-time large intake of alcoholic beverages. Intoxication develops at a blood alcohol concentration of 2.5 g/l. It should be noted that this concentration is individual for each person. It depends on its weight, age, working capacity of the liver and kidneys.
• Alcohol intake along with medicinal or narcotic substances. Some drugs increase the effect of alcohol on the body. For example, antidepressants, barbiturates, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
• A binge is a state of prolonged and uninterrupted intake of alcohol for several days, months. This condition occurs with alcoholism.
• Reception of alcohol substitutes (methyl, ethylene glycol). These fluids are used in industries. Unscrupulous manufacturers of alcohol sometimes dilute vodka with them. These drinks are deadly.

What are the symptoms of alcohol poisoning

The first signs of alcohol poisoning appear after a few hours. Their severity depends on the quantity and quality of the drink.

Remember that with methyl poisoning, the first symptoms may appear only after 1-2 days.

Ethyl alcohol poisoning

Ethyl alcohol intoxication develops as a result of taking large doses of alcohol, the concentration of alcohol in the blood rises sharply. The development of poisoning indicates the inability of the body to neutralize alcohol molecules on its own. Alcohol poisoning affects the nervous, digestive, respiratory and endocrine systems.

We list the main symptoms of ethyl alcohol poisoning.

• Nausea and vomiting. Vomiting is a defense mechanism. With its help, the stomach tries to get rid of excess alcohol.
• Diarrhea develops due to a malfunction of the pancreas. It can be abundant and lead to severe dehydration.
• Severe abdominal pain, which may be localized in the stomach or intestines. Such pain is caused by inflammation of the gastric mucosa, flatulence and damage to the pancreas.
• Nervous deviations. With alcohol poisoning, the brain tissue receives less oxygen and glucose. Due to dehydration and thickening of the blood, vasospasm develops. Symptoms of damage to brain cells by alcohol:

1. hallucinations;
2. cramps that apply to all muscle groups;
3. increased agitation and aggressiveness;
4. not a special act of defecation and urination;
5. impaired consciousness, in which the victim gradually sinks into a stupor, and then falls into a deep coma.

• Shallow and rapid breathing. The patient gradually develops respiratory failure.

Methyl alcohol poisoning

The main symptom is blurred vision. A person complains of a weakening of the clarity of the seen picture, a feeling of clouding before the eyes. Methyl alcohol leads to complete and irreversible blindness.

Other symptoms are the same as in ethanol poisoning.

Ethylene glycol poisoning

How to help the victim

First aid for alcohol poisoning should begin immediately after the onset of signs of the disease. First, you should call the emergency ambulance team home. Describe the patient's symptoms to the dispatcher. Self-medication at home with this condition is prohibited. First aid for alcohol poisoning at home is provided by relatives before the arrival of doctors. Exactly the prognosis of life depends on timely pre-medical correct assistance.

Below is considered emergency care for alcohol intoxication, which must be provided to the victim before the arrival of emergency medical personnel.

Gastric lavage is necessary to clean the stomach cavity from alcohol or toxic substances. By cleaning the stomach, you can improve the patient's condition.

Please note that gastric lavage at home is carried out only for people who are conscious. If the patient is in a coma or heavily intoxicated, this procedure may result in aspiration of water into the lungs and choking on vomit.

In order to cleanse the stomach at home, you need to drink 1 liter of plain table water in one gulp and then vomit it. This procedure can be done several times. No need to add medicines or potassium permanganate to the water for washing.

Purgation

An enema is performed to cleanse the intestines from the decay products of alcohol and toxins. It helps to reduce intoxication syndrome. An enema is a mandatory component of emergency care for alcohol intoxication.

To carry it out, use water at a neutral (room) temperature. It is impossible to add medicines or herbal solutions to it. An enema should be done until clean washings are obtained.

Sorbents

Sorbents are drugs that remove toxins and poisons from the body. They accelerate the neutralization of alcohol, reduce intoxication syndrome.

Carefully read the rules for selecting the dosage of the sorbent. It may depend on the weight or age of the patient. Sorbents need to be washed down with a large amount of liquid. Water enhances their ability to bind toxins.

Preparations:

• Activated carbon;
• white coal;
• sorbex;
• enterosgel;
• smect.

Plentiful drink

The patient must be given water to drink. This should be done after washing the stomach and intestines. It is better to drink a little bit, in small sips. Drinking will reduce dehydration and make you feel better.

What to do if the patient loses consciousness

In case of severe alcohol poisoning, the victim may be unconscious, in a coma. You should check his breathing, heartbeat and put on a hard, flat surface on his side. If you can't turn it on its side, at least turn your head. This is necessary to prevent tongue retraction and choking with vomit.

The pulse is checked on the carotid artery. Breathing can be checked by placing a hand on a person's chest, while feeling its movement during inhalation and exhalation. When breathing and palpitations stop, chest compressions should be started.

Follow-up treatment

Arriving at the call, doctors begin providing first aid in case of alcohol poisoning. First of all, they conduct a quick assessment of the patient's condition. Close people need to tell the symptoms in detail, describe the help that they managed to provide on their own, name the approximate time the patient consumed alcohol and its amount.

What does first aid consist of?

• cleaning the stomach through a tube is carried out for people in an unconscious state;
• connecting a dropper with medicines to relieve alcohol intoxication;
• connecting the patient to oxygen through a mask;
• normalization of cardiac activity with the help of medications.

Then the doctors hospitalize the patient in the toxicology department or intensive resuscitation. In the hospital, blood is taken from him for alcohol and toxins. The duration of hospitalization depends on the condition of the patient.

Inpatient treatment may include:

• hemodialysis (blood purification). The patient is connected to a special apparatus "artificial kidney", which purifies all the blood. Hemodialysis is performed to quickly remove toxins from the body. It is done for all poisonings with a substitute for alcohol;
• administration of an antidote. In case of methyl poisoning, an antidote is used - ethyl alcohol. It is administered to the patient intravenously in a low concentration throughout the day. Only through the introduction of an antidote can total blindness be avoided;
• intravenous drip injection of solutions to eliminate intoxication (trisol, disol, reopoliglyukin, reosorbilact, glucose).

Alcohol poisoning is one of the most dangerous intoxications. It often causes disability, permanent disability, blindness, and death. Treatment of alcohol intoxication is carried out in the toxicology or intensive care unit. When the first symptoms of the disease appear, an emergency medical team should be called. Before the arrival of doctors, you can try to wash the patient's stomach and intestines, give him sorbents and drink.

Anyone can be poisoned by alcohol. Most often this occurs with the abuse of alcohol, but recently an increasing number of healthy people who drink alcohol in moderate doses are in hospital beds. Such situations are the result of negligence in the production of many alcoholic beverages. Cases of individual intolerance have also become more frequent. Regardless of the reason that caused this condition, everyone should know how to help themselves or their loved ones with alcohol poisoning.

Signs of alcohol poisoning

Alcohol intoxication is a pathology that requires the immediate intervention of doctors. Therefore, if any of its signs appear, it is necessary to call an ambulance to receive medical assistance. You can distinguish alcohol poisoning from a normal hangover by the following signs:

• Severe redness of the skin.
• Excessive sweating.
• Slow pulse and heavy breathing.
• Incoherent and unconscious speech.
• Great thirst, dry mouth.
• Impaired coordination.
• Vomiting, constant nausea.
• Fainting and pre-fainting state.

If measures are not taken in time, the above symptoms can intensify and even turn into an alcoholic coma, which often ends in death. That is why it is so necessary to be able to provide first aid at home for alcohol poisoning. Such actions can significantly improve a person’s condition and, possibly, save his life.

Home treatments for poisoning

By following a series of simple steps, you can reduce the level of intoxication and make it easier for someone who has suffered from alcohol to feel better. If a person is conscious, it is necessary to provide the following poisoning:

• Induce vomiting. To do this, open the victim's mouth and put a tablespoon on the root of the tongue. You can also ask him to induce vomiting on his own by placing two fingers in his mouth.
• Make gastric lavage. After most of the toxins have been eliminated by vomiting, it is necessary to thoroughly rinse the stomach. To do this, prepare 2-3 cups of warm salted water. After a person has drunk several glasses of water one after another, he should again make himself vomit. Washing should be done until the stomach is cleared of decay products.
• Drink warm tea or milk. Tea should be weak and preferably green. The poisoned person must drink at least 1 liter of warm liquid.
• Use sorbents to facilitate well-being. Most often, in the home first aid kit you can find activated charcoal, "Smecta" or "Enterosgel". It is these drugs that are best at removing toxic substances from the body. Surely many are wondering if Smekta helps with alcohol poisoning. After all, it is most often taken to eliminate indigestion. However, in case of alcohol poisoning, this powder will be more than appropriate.
• Make the casualty comfortable. To do this, he must be put to bed and covered with a blanket. You should also make sure that the person lies with his head on a high pillow. Otherwise, during an attack of vomiting, he may choke.

The above recommendations should be able to apply only when a person is conscious. But no less important is the knowledge of how to help with alcohol poisoning, if the victim is in a faint or coma. If the person poisoned with alcohol is unconscious, other first aid methods will need to be used. Given its state, you need to do the following:

• Bring ammonia to your nose and rub the tips of your ears. These manipulations can bring a person to consciousness.
• Provide fresh air. To do this, open the windows in the room and loosen the collar or tie around the victim's neck.
• Turn it on its side to avoid choking.

When figuring out how to help a person with alcohol poisoning, we must not forget that first of all it is necessary to call an ambulance. Only after that you need to rush to ease the victim's well-being. The brigade may travel too long. Therefore, the sooner you make a call to the doctors, the better it will be for a loved one or friend who has been poisoned by alcohol. If the patient is unconscious, he should not wash the stomach or try to induce vomiting.

Emergency help for poisoning

Thinking about how to quickly help with alcohol poisoning at home, you should use the emergency method. However, you need to know that its use will turn into a severe headache the next day. Therefore, it should be used only in extreme cases, when a quick restoration of a sane state is necessary. A folk recipe is prepared as follows: dilute 10 drops of ammonia in a glass of warm water. Drink the solution in small sips every 10-15 minutes. Intoxication will begin to pass literally before our eyes. Considering how to help a person with alcohol poisoning in such an emergency way, one must not forget that it will provoke unpleasant consequences.

What to eat with alcohol poisoning

With mild intoxication or after arriving from the hospital, you need to remove toxins and toxins with the help of food. The following foods will help relieve the symptoms of poisoning:

• Sauerkraut, pickled tomatoes and cucumbers.
• Beet.
• Strawberry.
• Cereal porridge.

To remove alcohol from the body, you need to eat fruits, vegetables and cereals. They contain a large amount of pectins and fiber, which are natural sorbents. Leaning on apricots, strawberries, raspberries and apples, you can quickly improve your well-being. It is not recommended to aggravate the condition of the stomach and intestines with meat, foods high in fat and cholesterol, pastries, smoked meats and sweets. Such food will only aggravate the condition and slow down the withdrawal of alcohol.

When figuring out how to help with severe alcohol poisoning, keep in mind that a cold shower will not help relieve the symptoms of intoxication. Although many believe that it is he who is necessary for people who are intoxicated. The thing is that from cold water the vessels narrow. And they are already very narrowed already at the time of drinking alcohol. Therefore, it is better to take a contrast shower. It normalizes the state of blood vessels, improves blood circulation, relieves heaviness in the body and leads to tone.

Treatment with folk remedies

How to help at home with alcohol poisoning, everyone should know. If there were no medicines in the first-aid kit that have an absorbent effect, you can use folk methods. They will make you feel better and reduce the level of the intoxicating effect of alcohol. Of the most effective and popular recipes, we highlight the following:

• Tea. If a person suffers from constant vomiting, it is necessary to brew black or green tea. You can add some sugar and a slice of lemon to it. Herbal infusions can also improve the condition of alcohol poisoning. How to help in this case, even the victim himself can remember. Surely everyone in the kitchen has an ordinary tea or a bag of dry mint for brewing.
• Rose hip. The fruits of this plant contain a huge amount of vitamin C, which will increase the body's ability to recuperate. You can brew dried rose hips in a thermos and drink one cup every hour. This natural diuretic will help get rid of toxins in a natural way.
• Ginger and lemon. To prepare a drink, you need to cut the lemon into thin and small pieces, and grate the ginger root or grind it in a blender. Then you should pour 1 teaspoon of grated ginger, a few slices of lemon into a mug and pour boiling water over it. A drink cooled to a comfortable temperature should be drunk as often as possible. You can brew it in a teapot and use it as a tea, sweetened with a little honey.
• Milk. This product cleans the stomach well from toxins and toxins. Therefore, you can try to drink it with alcohol poisoning. It is advisable to warm the milk a little and add 1 teaspoon of honey to the mug.
• A decoction of tansy. To prepare a healing drink, you will need at least five tablespoons of dry inflorescences and two tablespoons of chamomile flowers. The dry mixture must be poured with 500 ml of boiling water, close the container with a lid and leave to infuse. The medicine should be drunk according to a certain dosage: one spoonful of decoction for every 10 kg of the weight of the poisoned.
• Brine. What is good for alcohol poisoning? It is this product. There is hardly a person who has not heard about the benefits of this product. Nevertheless, not everyone knows that the brine should not be consumed the next morning after a stormy feast, but as early as possible. You can drink a brine of absolutely any pickles: tomatoes, cabbage, cucumbers, etc. It is very important to take at least 0.5 liters of healing potion in the first 1-3 hours after alcohol poisoning.

Each loved one of the victim will wonder about being at home. With vomiting and constant urge to it, it will be difficult to prepare your own medicine. Therefore, you should use folk recipes to alleviate the patient's condition.

The above folk methods will be effective if alcohol poisoning was mild. Severe forms of intoxication simply need to be treated with drugs and sorbents, and also contact the doctors as soon as possible.

What causes alcohol poisoning

Ethanol is a well-known depressant that has a pronounced toxic effect. However, the level and form of intoxication with alcohol, as well as its fakes, depends on many factors. Among them are:

Stages of alcohol poisoning

In addition to the factors affecting the human condition, it is necessary to distinguish three stages of poisoning:

Treatment of drug poisoning

With severe alcohol intoxication, the victim may begin to vomit. On the one hand, this is good, since a certain part of the toxins and waste products will be removed from the body naturally. But if vomiting is permanent, and a person is constantly tormented by urges even from one sip of water, dehydration may occur. When poisoning with alcohol, this condition is highly undesirable. Therefore, it is necessary to call an ambulance, and while she is traveling, find any of the following medicines in the first-aid kit at home:

• "Rehydron". The finished solution should be given to the patient to drink in small sips, as its taste can cause vomiting.
• Powder "Smekta". Does "Smekta" help with alcohol poisoning, everyone should know. After all, this medicine is one of the most effective means aimed at combating alcohol poisoning. In addition, it can be drunk with a normal hangover. "Smecta" envelops the stomach, relieves poor health.
• Activated carbon. Black and white charcoal are natural sorbents that effectively rid the body of the toxic effects of alcoholic beverages. It should be drunk only after gastric lavage.
• Magnesium sulfate. Whether magnesium sulfate helps with alcohol poisoning, not everyone knows. Everyone is aware only of the laxative and choleretic effect of this powder. But with severe alcohol poisoning, this is exactly what the body needs. Therefore, you should dilute the contents of one sachet in 100 ml of water and drink in small sips.
• "Polysorb". In case of alcohol poisoning, it will be useful to drink this effective sorbent. It will quickly remove all toxic substances from the body. It is necessary to drink the powder in a diluted form 3-4 times a day.

When using medicines, as well as when providing first aid to a loved one, it is necessary to comply with the conditions prescribed in the instructions. Particular attention should be paid to the dosage, as well as possible contraindications. From a severe form of intoxication, drugs will not help. Therefore, you should reasonably evaluate your own condition or the well-being of a loved one. In any case, it is important to call an ambulance. Only doctors can prevent death, which is quite possible after alcohol poisoning.

How to prevent poisoning

In order not to suffer from alcohol intoxication and not to wonder how to help with alcohol poisoning at home quickly and effectively, you should carefully monitor what you use, and also know when to stop. You can avoid going to the hospital if you take your own health responsibly. Basically, alcohol poisoning occurs in cases where an impressive amount of alcohol has been drunk or if a poor-quality type of drink has been caught. The latter include:

• Too cheap and fake alcoholic drinks.
• Alcohol-based tinctures.
• Cosmetic or perfume liquids.
• Moonshine.
• Alcohol-containing household chemicals.

The most serious danger is posed by those surrogates that do not contain ethanol, but methanol. They have a high content of toxic substances, and can also cause damage to internal organs. If you drink liquid with methanol in the composition, severe convulsions may occur. The optic nerve is also instantly affected and blindness develops. In case of poisoning with large doses of methanol, home care may not give the desired result, since this substance is extremely quickly absorbed into the bloodstream and spreads throughout the body.

Which doctors can help

When thinking about how to help a loved one with alcohol poisoning, it is worth remembering that only doctors will provide him with all the necessary help. Only qualified specialists can remove the symptoms of poisoning and return the victim to a normal state. Of course, first aid is a necessary and vital process. However, further treatment should be carried out only by doctors. First, all manipulations are done by the ambulance crew on duty. Already in the hospital, they transfer the patient to other specialists, namely a toxicologist and a narcologist. If a person is in a severe form of intoxication, which has led to an alcoholic coma, convulsions or respiratory arrest, he is taken to the intensive care unit, where the resuscitator does his work.

Treatment of patients with alcohol poisoning can be continued by psychiatrists and neurologists. The desire to consume large doses of alcohol is often accompanied by mental problems. Therefore, a person is recommended to visit these doctors, as well as a consultation with a psychiatrist. However, this is done only after the necessary assistance has been provided.