Lethal dose of mushrooms. How does poisoning with pale toadstool manifest itself

When does it start mushroom season, in hospitals, the number of patients who have experienced mushroom poisoning immediately increases. If you see a doctor in time, then the likelihood that a full recovery will come is high. It is worth delaying, as you can lose a life. Among poisonous mushrooms, death cap the most dangerous. To avoid poisoning with it, you need to remember how it looks. Under no circumstances touch it. If this nevertheless happened, then know the symptoms of poisoning with a pale toadstool in order to help the victim in time and thereby save his life.

How to recognize a pale grebe

This poisonous mushroom differs in its external data. He is characterized by a ring-skirt, as well as a Volvo in the form of a bag near the ground. Usually its width is up to five centimeters. The hat has only white plates. If you break the body, the color will not change. Pale grebe has a slight smell and taste. Often it can be confused with edible mushrooms, as outwardly it fits their description. So, for example, a greenfinch with russula can be distinguished from a toadstool only by the presence of a ring and Volvo around the leg. It also has an outward resemblance to her forest champignon. But he doesn't have a Volvo, and the records darken with age. When picking mushrooms, do not cut them under the hat, as you risk not noticing the main feature of the poisonous mushroom. Namely, poisoning often occurs due to the fact that unidentified parts are present in the total amount. Its peak occurs mainly in August.

Death cap

What is dangerous poison pale grebe

The fungus is dangerous because it contains phalloidins and alpha-amanitins. Amanitins are considered the most dangerous. Their effect on the body is slow. Not being digested in the intestines, they strike at the liver. Phalloidins are not afraid of heat treatment. Act on a person quickly.

Getting into the human body, poisons hit the liver, damaging it from the inside. There is a violation of the integrity of the capillary system of all internal organs. There comes a manifestation of the strongest gastroenteritis. Blood glucose drops sharply. The central nervous system suffers and metabolism is disturbed.

How to help the victim

Very often, first aid does not help, as it takes a long time from the onset of symptoms. If you suspect that you have eaten a possibly poisonous mushroom, you should immediately go to the hospital. There you will be given antitoxic therapy. Treatment, which was started on time, leads to a favorable outcome, and everyone who was close to the patient is subjected to it, since it is possible that they also ate the mushroom.

Usually, before the ambulance arrives, it would be a good idea for the patient to clear the stomach by inducing vomiting. Reception of activated carbon in the amount of one gram per kilogram of weight also does not hurt.

How not to miss the symptoms of poisoning

Much depends on how much poison was received by a person and the resistance of his body. In general, the onset of the disease can be divided into periods.

1. This period is considered hidden. The signs don't show up. This is what the toadstool is dangerous for, since the body is infected with toxins for about a day, destructive work has begun, and there are no visible manifestations.
2. Signs of poisoning with a pale toadstool in this period are greenish loose stools. After a few hours, it becomes slimy, as well as with blood clots. All this is accompanied by vomiting. The patient has severe pain in the abdomen, he is very thirsty, but as soon as he drinks water, it immediately causes an emetic spasm. Naturally, dehydration occurs and, as a result, a decrease in pressure. The person turns pale, his pulse quickens. As a result of dizziness, blurred vision. Leg muscle cramps begin. There is a thickening of the blood and the absence of urine.
3. With the onset of this period, it will seem to the patient that everything is behind. The condition begins to improve, but the analysis will show severe liver damage. If a person has received a large dose of poison, then he suddenly dies during sleep. All doctors consider the third day to be the most critical day.
4. During this period, the work of all internal organs fails. There is hepatitis with nephropathy. The diarrhoea, with colic, returns again. The person becomes jaundiced. With a large dose of poison, renal and hepatic, as well as heart failure occurs. It is the latter that leads to death.

Much depends on the severity of the disease and the state of the cardiovascular system. In severe cases, death occurs within ten days. If the intoxication is small, then the person recovers pretty quickly. Things are worse with moderate and severe poisoning. This will require a longer healing process. Sometimes the time drags on for months. At the end of the disease, the internal organs begin to work in their normal state.

How is poisoning treated?

Medical assistance consists in gastric lavage, since food debris can be in the intestines for up to twenty hours. Unfortunately, antidote therapy has not yet been developed, therefore, benzyl-penicillin and silibinin are used, they are allowed to individual cases lipoic acid.

Due to the fact that the patient is dehydrated, they fight him with Trisol, saline or Ringer's solution. To eliminate hypoglycemia, glucose is dripped and chlorides are replenished.

Harmful substances are removed from the body by hemosorption and forced diuresis. At the same time, they strengthen the heart and blood vessels with special preparations. They use blood clotting drugs. At these moments, it is important to support and strengthen the liver, especially with B vitamins.

Poison prevention

The main prevention of poisoning will be the implementation of the basic rule: never take mushrooms in the forest that you do not know, and also do not buy them from persons unknown to you. You need to remember the rules, they will help you stay alive and healthy:

1. Often the toadstool gets accidentally along with the mushrooms and mixes with them.
2. When a person has been poisoned by a pale toadstool, then diarrhea and vomiting do not appear immediately, but after about 12 hours.
3. If there is a suspicion that you have been poisoned by a toadstool, then together with you it is necessary to induce vomiting in all family members who used the product with you, and also take Activated carbon.
4. Be sure to go to the hospital.

Often inexperienced mushroom pickers confuse poisonous and edible mushrooms. It is especially dangerous to confuse champignons and russula with pale grebe, because they have similar features. However, what to do if poisoning with this fungus occurs, what symptoms are important to pay attention to and how? Answering these questions will help save a life!

Pale grebe is a mushroom that is now considered one of the most poisonous in our country. Toadstool contains whole line dangerous toxins, which are divided into two subgroups:

• alpha-amanitins
• phalloidins

Phalloidins are a less toxic and dangerous poison, but they are not destroyed by heat treatment and have a negative effect on the body very quickly.

Amanitins are a powerful slow-acting poison. This type of toxin is not absorbed by the intestines, so it immediately enters the liver through the blood and slowly destroys it.

Therefore, if the mushroom was eaten not so long ago, and the person already felt some kind of discomfort, then the first thing to do is to call an ambulance, and then rinse the stomach with high quality. To do this, the victim should drink big amount water to induce a gag reflex. If a lot of time has passed after eating a pale toadstool, then washing will not help, the poison has already managed to penetrate into the blood.

But this does not mean that you need to be inactive, you need to prepare as much as possible for the arrival of a doctor and actively fight against dehydration. To do this, follow these steps:

• the patient should be placed in a horizontal position, while the legs should be warmed and wrapped as best as possible
• force the victim to drink cold salted water as often as possible (drink in small sips so that vomiting does not start)
• if water is already accepted by the body, then drink coffee, or milk with honey

Basic diagnostic methods

There are several options for diagnosing toadstool poisoning. Here are the main ways:

Treatment of poisoning

Treatment is quite difficult and lengthy, especially if the patient has a severe degree of infection. Therapeutic therapy is carried out only in a hospital, self-medication in this case contraindicated.

In the hospital, the stomach of the poisoned person is first washed out so that particles of the fungus do not remain in the body.

To eliminate dehydration, droppers are made, the following solutions are used: Trisol, Acesol and saline. Additionally, the patient is given salt water.

Tonic and cardiac drugs, proteolytic enzymes are prescribed: Gordox and Kontrykal.

To restore the kidneys, vitamin B is prescribed.

The result of treatment depends on the amount of poison taken and the time of its penetration into the blood.

Preventive Security Measures

It is important to collect only those mushrooms in the safety of which there is complete confidence, with the slightest doubt, it is better to refuse the product. When collecting, pay attention to the shape and color.

Do not pick mushrooms near chemical plants and near highways, as they have the ability to absorb all the harmful toxins that lead to poisoning.

Do not touch poisonous mushrooms with your hands, especially for children. Do not pick mushrooms with a soft cap.

So, the pale grebe is a poisonous mushroom, the eating of which can be fatal. At the first poisoning, you need to call ambulance and gastric lavage as soon as possible. When picking mushrooms, you need to act judiciously and remember the precautions.

May 8, 2017 Violetta Doctor

Toadstool poisoning, the symptoms of which will be described below, is the most severe form of food intoxication. This is a dangerous condition, in terms of the number of deaths comparable to botulism. Pale grebe is the most poisonous representative of the group of inedible mushrooms. It can be distinguished by the presence of a characteristic ring and membranous sac at the base of the stem. The cap of the toadstool has white plates, which does not allow it to be confused with champignon. The pulp on the cut does not change color, a pronounced smell is not observed. The mushroom must be cut off at the base of the stem, this is the only way you can see the bag and ring. Poisonous specimens often end up in dishes due to careless collection. Toadstool poisoning is a seasonal disease. The largest number cases are registered in August.

Why is toadstool poison dangerous to humans?

Two groups of toxic substances that make up this fungus have a pathogenic effect on the body: alpha-amanitins and phalloidins. The latter are less toxic, but act rapidly and practically do not decompose during heat treatment. Amanitins are absorbed more slowly, but they have a more pronounced negative effect on the body. They are not exposed to the action of gastric juice and intestinal enzymes, getting into the liver in its original form.

Poisons lead to the development of severe gastroenteritis, destroy liver cells and contribute to the replacement of parenchymal tissues with fatty ones. Amanitins increase the permeability of the walls of intestinal vessels and other internal organs. In case of toadstool poisoning, there is a sharp decrease in blood sugar levels, a violation of absorption processes nutrients, brain damage.

Clinical picture of the disease

Symptoms of pale toadstool poisoning appear depending on the stage of the pathological process and the amount of toxin that has entered the body. The duration of the latent period is 7-48 hours, on average, the first symptoms of intoxication appear 10 hours after ingestion of this fungus. This distinguishing feature pale grebe venom, allowing to establish the correct diagnosis. It is with this that the severe course of the disease is associated. By the time the first signs of poisoning appear in the body, it turns out a large number of toxins that carry out their destructive action.

The next stage of the disease lasts 24-48 hours, less often - up to a week. Greenish-yellow, semi-liquid stools appear suddenly, and become watery after a few hours. In some cases, bloody inclusions are found in the feces. Strong thirst can be impossible to eliminate, and the use of liquid provokes an attack of vomiting. Acute cramping abdominal pain is the main manifestation of pale grebe poisoning. Dehydration contributes to a sharp drop blood pressure, the development of tachycardia and cyanosis of the skin. In the future, there are severe headaches, dizziness, hallucinations. As a result of repeated vomiting and diarrhea, the body loses chlorine, which contributes to the appearance of seizures. The time of blood clotting decreases, urine is excreted in small quantities or is completely absent.

The period of false improvement in the condition is another hallmark of poisoning caused by pale grebe. This stage lasts no more than 24 hours. The patient's condition improves, and he mistakenly believes that he has begun to recover. Conducted during this period, a blood test reflects the inhibition of liver function. In severe poisoning, 10 hours after the start of this period, a collapse occurs, which ends in death. Experts consider the 3rd day of illness to be the most dangerous.

Multiple organ failure in case of poisoning with poisonous mushrooms manifests itself in the form of yellowing of the skin, sclera of the eyes and mucous membranes. It is combined with pain and heaviness in the right side. With severe intoxication of the body, signs of acute renal, hepatic and heart failure appear, which are the causes of death. Human death occurs in the first 10 days after eating the toadstool. The prognosis for such poisoning largely depends on the general condition of the body. With the penetration of a small amount of poison into the blood, recovery occurs quickly enough. Longer treatment is required for poisoning of moderate and high severity. The therapeutic course can take from several weeks to a year. The normal color of the skin returns after 2 weeks. Functions of internal organs are restored in full.

How to help a person?

First aid is often ineffective, because the first signs of poisoning appear a few hours after the poison enters the bloodstream. If this disease is suspected, a person must be immediately taken to medical institution where detoxification therapy will be carried out. At the beginning of treatment in the first 36 hours after the use of toadstool, the prognosis is favorable. All persons who have eaten a suspicious dish should undergo therapy. Before the arrival of doctors, it is necessary to do a gastric lavage. To do this, drink 2 liters warm water, press on the root of the tongue, causing a gag reflex. After that, they take activated charcoal or any other enterosorbent.

It is quite difficult to treat poisoning with a pale toadstool, the poison is quickly absorbed into the blood, and a specific antidote has not been developed. In the hospital, gastric lavage is repeated. If no more than 2 days have passed since the use of the fungus, benzyl-penicillin is administered intramuscularly. In some cases, improvement in the condition is noted against the background of taking lipoic acid. Droppers are used to combat dehydration. Glucose, saline, Ringer's solution are administered intravenously. In order to avoid leaching chlorine from the body, the patient is advised to drink salt water. Forced diuresis contributes to the rapid removal of toxins from the body. The use of cardiac drugs and drugs that affect the vasomotor center is shown. Anticoagulants prevent blood from clotting. B vitamins are taken to restore liver function.

Pale toadstool poisoning threatens human health, therefore it is necessary to know the symptoms of intoxication and provide timely treatment.

Toxic substances for human body carry great danger. It is difficult to guess where exactly the blow will come from. Someone unexpectedly got poisoned familiar product, and someone has been in contact with a harmful substance for a long period. The result of such contact is always the same - serious intoxication, which causes a lot of trouble.

Pale toadstool poisoning is a real nightmare for humanity. Not only can this mushroom be confused with an edible one, it also grows next to normal mushrooms, spreading its poisonous spores to them.

Since ancient times, such intoxication has terrified people - dozens of cases are known when famous people were poisoned by this particular fungus, resulting in inevitable death due to the lack of an antidote.

And today, despite the availability of information and the ability to eliminate the poisonous mushroom from your diet, pale grebe poisoning occurs with surprising regularity. It is all to blame for its similarity with normal mushrooms and the ignorance of mushroom pickers about the features of this species.

Note! Eating a pale toadstool is practically signing your own death warrant. The fungus is so dangerous to the human body that the chances of a cure are minimal.

Danger

This mushroom, popularly called pale grebe, easily merges with edible mushrooms, due to which its danger increases several times. It's interesting that this product has quite pleasant taste and smell, therefore misleading people.

Moreover, at first the victim does not experience any sensations at all, and the signs of poisoning appear too late to save the patient. In most cases, when using a considerable amount of mushrooms, it is not possible to save a person's life.

The symptoms of pale grebe intoxication can manifest themselves in completely different ways. In some people, the first symptoms appear within an hour after eating them, and in many, symptoms do not occur within twelve hours, and often days. During this long period, the changes that have occurred in the body become irreversible, and inevitable death occurs.

It should be noted that not only the mushrooms themselves, which are not amenable to heat treatment but also their disputes. If edible mushroom grows near poisonous, it is strictly forbidden to collect and eat it - toxins have probably spread to healthy "neighbors".

Note! When the first symptoms of intoxication with poisonous mushrooms appear, call a doctor or go to the hospital - this way you will significantly increase the chances of your recovery and save your life.

Appearance

Toadstool poisoning can only be prevented by knowing exactly what it looks like. For this it is not necessary to be experienced mushroom picker, it is enough to familiarize yourself with a number of characteristics of this fungus and focus on them.

It is important to pay attention to the appearance of the mushroom, not only during self-collection, but also when buying. canned product in the shop. Often the improper attitude of workers to the selection of products becomes the cause of serious intoxication.

External signs pale grebe are quite characteristic:

1. Her hat and leg are both white and greenish in color.
2. The hat has a rounded shape, after which it acquires the characteristic shape of a dome and becomes completely flat.
3. The young pale grebe is covered with a thin shell that disappears over time.
4. In the center, the color of the mushroom is much darker than at the edges.
5. The plates on the back of the mushroom do not change their color over time.
6. A clear sign of a poisonous fruit is the calyx rings on the stem.

Eating such a mushroom is possible only by negligence. Most often, poisoning with a pale toadstool occurs due to the ignorance of the mushroom picker about the difference between poisonous individuals and edible ones, therefore, you need to protect yourself immediately when collecting. Never buy mushrooms from street vendors, it is likely that it is they who have poisonous grebe or mushrooms in their baskets that grew next to it and inherited toxic spores.

Toxicity

Many people, despite the large amount and availability of information, still believe that there are certain signs by which you can easily determine whether a mushroom is poisonous or not. Such people are sure that inedible mushroom necessarily has Not pleasant smell and taste, however, the pale grebe says just the opposite.

The taste of this mushroom is not much different from champignon, and its smell is quite pleasant and attractive, as a result of which it is almost impossible to avoid poisoning with pale grebe.

Data poisoning food product caused by the toxic substance contained in it - indole derivatives. Unfortunately, this substance does not lose its qualities during heat treatment, therefore, any roasting or boiling of mushrooms will not save you from inevitable poisoning if you eat them.

The systems of the human body are not able to fight this toxin on their own and remove it naturally, therefore the consequences can be deplorable even for the most good health.

All important human organs are under attack - the heart, liver, kidneys, circulatory system, nervous system and spleen. Lethal dose can be contained in just one eaten small toadstool, and an effective antidote that is resistant to a toxic substance does not exist even with the current development of medicine.

Symptoms

Toadstool poisoning, the symptoms of which appear too late, carries a serious danger. Therefore, at the first, even slight signs of malaise after eating any mushrooms, it is recommended to immediately contact a specialist, undergo an examination and pass the necessary tests for timely treatment and exclusion of death.

The person who ate poisonous toadstool, will feel the following signs:

• significant headache;
• dizziness;
• vision problems;
• nervous anxiety;
• severe discomfort in the stomach;
• convulsive conditions of the limbs;
• discomfort in the right side;
• coldness in limbs;
• decrease in heart rate;
• decrease in overall body temperature.

All these signs, as a rule, appear in the period from ten to thirty hours after intoxication with a harmful substance and gradually increase. The more time has passed since the toxin entered the body, the stronger the discomfort manifests itself, the ailments intensify, the person feels worse and worse.

Attacks at the initial stage can last several hours, after which they disappear for a short period of time. The next stage of the disease is the strengthening of existing symptoms and the appearance of new ones:

1. Vomiting appears or increases, while it acquires a yellow or green tint.
2. All symptoms of poisoning provoke the appearance of intense thirst.
3. The pressure is significantly reduced, the skin changes color.
4. The pulse is greatly accelerated.
5. Urination stops.

After this difficult stage, a period begins that can be mistaken for recovery. In fact, at this time there is a serious destruction of tissues, it turns out Negative influence to important organs, toxins are distributed throughout the body.

The critical situation of the disease occurs approximately on the third day - the mucous membranes turn yellow, and unpleasant pain appears in the right side, indicating the onset of hepatitis and nephropathy.

If the amount of mushrooms eaten was quite high, death occurs within ten days after poisoning. In the absence of treatment, it is impossible to avoid such an outcome, the body is not able to deal with the substance on its own. A mild degree of the disease allows a person to recover in a few days, while still be sure to consult a doctor for treatment and rehabilitation.

Treatment

The only way to avoid serious consequences for the body in case of poisoning with toxic mushrooms is to seek medical help in a timely manner. First aid for such intoxication often does not bring results, therefore it is necessary for a professional to act here. The only thing that needs to be done is to call a team of doctors, and before they arrive, wash the victim's stomach and give activated charcoal.

In the hospital, the victim will receive appropriate treatment:

• the stomach is washed using specialized equipment;
• appropriate antidotes are administered;
• therapy is performed that relieves dehydration of the body;
• treatment aimed at restoring important functions of the body.

Video: pale grebe - the most poisonous mushroom middle lane.

It is important to know

Although there is no universal antidote for the toxins of the pale toadstool, tests of substances that can cope with the poison are performed regularly. Recent studies have shown that in a short period of time this antidote will appear in the hands of specialists and will be able to save the lives of thousands of people.

Avoid poisoning delicious mushrooms almost impossible, because each person is obliged to control what he eats. It often happens that even a small mistake made when collecting such a familiar delicacy leads to the most unfortunate consequences, because being attentive to your food increases the chances of normal life and reduces the risk of intoxication in any form.

The pale grebe has an extremely bad reputation. Even the ancient Roman philosopher Seneca described a series of murders in the family of Emperor Claudius. Empress Agrippina decided to exterminate her faithful and put her son Nero on the throne.

With the help of the poisoner Lacusta, a dish was concocted that Claudius liked so much that he asked to cook it more often. Alas, there were no more meals in the life of the emperor. Having sent her husband to the next world, inspired by the success of Agrippina, she continued a series of atrocities, and in the same way exhausted two imperial children, three grandchildren and the captain of the guard, along with a detachment of 100 soldiers.

Most representatives of the Mycota class are poisonous or conditionally edible - some can be poisoned with insufficient heat treatment, others become dangerous when combined with alcoholic beverages, and others cause painful stomach upsets. But there is a special critically dangerous group. Poisoning with a pale toadstool almost always leads to death, and newspapers write about cases when the person who has eaten the poison manages to survive.

Deadly danger

Amanita phalloides is the world champion in cunning and virulence. Emperor Claudius liked his last dish because the mushrooms had a pleasant smell and taste. The danger also lies in the fact that the poisoned person does not experience any unpleasant sensations for some time. Symptoms of toadstool poisoning appear after an hour or 12 hours, sometimes a day passes before signs of intoxication appear. At this time, irreparable destruction is already occurring in the body, so it is very rare to save a person.

Even spores are poisonous, which are carried by the wind and can be on the surrounding berries and herbs. Poisoning will not happen if you learn to accurately recognize the danger and refuse the temptation to fill the basket with the unfamiliar "catch". It is also necessary to sensitively capture the smallest symptoms of poisoning and, if they appear, urgently seek medical help, because the success of treatment and life depend on it.

What does Amanita phalloides look like?

The cap and stalk of young Amanita phalloides are white, green or yellowish. The hat is almost round, then takes the form of a bell or dome, and at the end becomes flat. Young fruits are covered with a thin shell, which breaks during growth. Parts of the bedspread remain below, forming a kind of cover, and sometimes stick to the hat in the form of shreds.

The color in the center is darker than at the smooth edges, where the color becomes whitish. back side consists of white plates that do not darken over time. In very young poisonous individuals, the underside of the cap is covered with a film, which, when torn, remains in the form of a ring on the trunk. The length of the leg, thickened at the base, reaches 10-12 centimeters, the thickness is up to 2 centimeters. White pulp smells raw potatoes. Special attention you need to pay attention to the presence of a cup ring.

Most often, dangerous prey attracts inexperienced amateurs. silent hunting who confuse it with russula or champignons. It must be remembered that the plates of champignons are colored, and the russula does not have a ring on the trunk and it does not thicken downwards. The poison is found mainly in light deciduous and mixed forests, although the prevalence is very wide - we can say that the habitat is limited only to Antarctica.

Reasons for toxicity

D oh so far under the guise folk signs there are misconceptions that allegedly allow you to distinguish the poisonous gifts of the forest from the edible. According to legends, inedibility is signaled by disgusting smell and taste, however, Amanita phalloides smells almost the same as champignons, or is completely devoid of aroma. It is also commonly believed that worms and insects do not feed on poisons, which is not true. Silver spoons and onions do not darken from the proximity of poison, and milk does not turn sour. Discard such fabrications, it is much safer to eat foods that you are sure are reliable.

Pale grebe poisoning is caused by toxins - indole derivatives. They are not destroyed even with very long heating, are resistant to freezing and do not evaporate when dried. Our enzyme system cannot reduce the danger of amanitotoxins. After entering the body, the poison does not manifest itself immediately, the symptoms of pale toadstool poisoning usually occur at a stage when medicine is already powerless. Amanitin and phalloidin affect the liver, kidneys, nervous system, spleen and heart muscle. The lethal dose is contained in 30 grams - one fruit. There is no effective antidote yet.

Symptoms

Sometimes the action of phalloidin is compared with viper poison, meaning the lack of a reliable antidote. One can argue with this statement, because the toxin does not reveal itself in any way for so long that the time when a person can be saved is missed. The first symptoms appear in the period from 10 to 30 hours and are expressed by increasing signs:

• headache;
• dizziness;
• visual impairment;
• anxiety;
• burning pains in the stomach;
• cramps in arms and legs.
• bilious vomiting and diarrhea;
• pain in the right side, especially noticeable on palpation;
• profuse sweating;
• cold limbs;
• weakening of the heartbeat;
• drop in body temperature to 36-35 degrees.

The attack lasts for several hours, after which the symptoms subside for a while.

A day or a little later, the following symptoms appear:

This period is replaced by the appearance of recovery, when the symptoms are lubricated, and the patient feels much better. But these signs are deceptive, because during the imaginary improvement, tissue destruction continues. Many doctors believe that on the third day there is a crisis. In the following days, new symptoms of pale toadstool poisoning appear: the skin and mucous membranes of a person turn yellow, and pain and heaviness are felt in the right hypochondrium, which is caused by hepatitis and nephropathy.

If the toadstool poisoning was severe, death occurs from cardiac, hepatic or kidney failure within 10 days. Recovery with mild intoxication degree occurs after a few days. State moderate overcome in 3-4 weeks. With a favorable outcome, all functions are fully restored.

Treatment

First aid is often ineffective, because too much time passes from the penetration of poison to the moment when symptoms of poisoning with a pale toadstool appear. Therefore, at the first suspicion of intoxication, it is necessary to deliver the patient to the hospital without delay. Treatment will be successful if started within the first 36 hours, even if the symptoms of intoxication have not yet become apparent. Until the ambulance arrives, you can try detoxification:

• In the absence of vomiting, it is necessary to empty the stomach by drinking two liters of warm water and pressing on the root of the tongue.
• Take a sorbent (activated carbon).

Upon admission to a medical institution, the patient will undergo the following procedures:

1. Deep gastric lavage.

2. There is no specific antidote, so antidote therapy is carried out with benzylpenicillin, silibinin and lipoic acid.

3. From dehydration, drugs trisol, acesol, Ringer's solution and saline are administered intravenously. A dropper with glucose will be placed and chlorides will be introduced.

4. To accelerate detoxification, hemosorption is used and diuresis is activated.

5. To tone up the work of the cardiovascular system, cardio drugs are prescribed.

6. Increased blood clotting is prevented by the use of proteolytic enzymes.

7. Therapy for the liver consists in the use of B vitamins (nicotinamide, riboxin).

The results of treatment depend on the amount of poison that has entered the body and on the general state of health. severe poisoning pale toadstool ends fatally in 99% of cases, and adults have more chances to survive.