Experiments for children at home. Card file experiments and experiments for children "Water experiments

Entertaining experiments for preschoolers, experiments for children at home, focuses for children, entertaining science ... How to curb boil energy and irremistful curiosity kid? How to maximize the torture of the childhood mind and push the child to the knowledge of the world? How to promote the development of the creative start of a child? These and other questions certainly stand up to parents and educators. In this paper, a large number of diverse experiments and experiments were collected, which can be carried out along with children to expand their ideas about the world, for the intellectual and creative development of the child. The described experiments do not require any special training and almost no material costs.

How to pierce the air balloon without harm to him?

The child knows that if they pierce the ball, he will burst. Get on the ball on both sides on a piece of scotch. And now you calmly pierce the ball through the tape without any harm for him.

"Submarine" №1. Grape submarine

Take a glass with fresh carbonated water or lemonade and throw a grape into it. It is a little harder water and drops to the bottom. But it will immediately begin to sit by gas bubbles, similar to small balloons. Soon there will be so many that the grape will pop up.

But on the surface bubbles burst, and gas will fly away. The rebeling grape again falls on the bottom. Here it will be covered by gas bubbles and will pop up again. So it will continue several times until the water is "exhausted." According to this principle, the real boat pops up and rises. And the fish have a swimming bubble. When she needs to plunge, the muscles are compressed, squeeze the bubble. Its volume decreases, the fish goes down. And you need to rise - the muscles relax, the bubble is blown. It increases, and the fish pops up.

"Submarine" №2. Eggs submarine

Take 3 banks: two half-liter and one liter. One jar fill with clean water and lower a raw egg in it. It drowshes.

In the second can, pour a sturdy salt salt (2 tablespoons with 0.5 liters of water). Lower there the second egg - it will swim. This is explained by the fact that salt water is harder, therefore, and swim in the sea is easier than in the river.

Now put an egg on the bottom of the liter bank. Gradually, pouring the water from both young cans in turn, you can get such a solution in which the egg will not pop up or sink. It will hold on to suspended, in the midst of the solution.

When the experience is spent, you can show focus. Pulling the salt water, you will achieve that the egg will pop up. Pulling fresh water is that the egg will be sinking. Externally salty and fresh water is not different from each other, and it will look amazing.

How to get a coin of water without sleeping hands? How to get dry out of the water?

Put the coin on the bottom of the plates and fill it with water. How to remove it without sleeping hands? A plate can not be tilted. Fold in the lump of a small block of the newspaper, set fire to it, throw it into the half-liter jar and immediately put it down the hole in the water next to the coin. Fire will go out. The heated air will come out of the jar, and due to the difference in atmospheric pressure inside the jar water will turn inside the jar. Now you can take a coin without sleeping hands.

Lotus flowers

Cut out color paper flowers with long petals. With a pencil, tighten the petals to the center. And now lower the multicolored lotuses on the water, poured into the pelvis. Literally on your eyes, flower petals will be blown away. This is because the paper wets, it becomes gradually harder and the petals are revealed.

Natural Lup

If you need to see any small creature, for example spider, mosquito or fly, make it very simple.

Plant insect in a three-liter jar. Top tighten the neck of the food film from above, but do not pull it out, but, on the contrary, sell it so that a small capacity formed. Now make a film with a rope or rubber band, and pour water into the recess. You will get a wonderful magnifying glass, through which the smallest details can be considered perfectly.

The same effect will turn out if we look at the subject through the jar with water, consolidating it on the back wall of the can with transparent scotch.

Water candlestick

Take a short-lived stearin candle and a glass of water. The bottom end of the candle is driving with a heated nail (if the nail is cold, the candle will open) so that only the wick and the most edges of the candle remained above the surface.

A glass with water in which this candle swims will be a candlestick. Light wick, and the candle will burn for quite a long time. It seems that she is about to the fruit to the water and go out. But this will not happen. Dogrite candle almost to the very end. And besides, the candle in such a candlestick will never be a cause of fire. Fitil will be repaid with water.

How to get water for drinking?

Drop the pit in the ground with a depth of about 25 cm and a diameter of 50 cm. Put an empty plastic container in the center of the pit in the center of the pit, lay around it fresh green grass and leaves. Cover the hole with a clean plastic film and put it off its edges of the earth so that the air does not go out of the pit. In the center of the film, put the pebbles and slightly pressed the film over the empty container. Fixture for collecting water is ready.

Leave your design until the evening. And now carefully shook the land from the film so that it does not get into the container (bowl), and see: there is clean water in the bowl.

Where did she come from? Explain to the child that under the action of solar heat grass and leaves began to decompose, highlighting heat. Warm air always rises up. It is in the form of evaporation settles on the cold film and condenses on it in the form of water droplets. This water flows into your container; Remember, you're slightly sold the film and put a stone there.

Now you have to come up with an interesting story about travelers who went to distant countries and forgot to take water with them, and start a fascinating journey.

Wonderful matches

You will need 5 matches.

Dump them in the middle, bend at right angles and put on the saucer.

Drip a few drops of water on the folds of matches. Watch. Gradually, the matches will start straightening and form a star.

The reason for this phenomenon, which is called the capillary, is that the fibers of the tree absorb moisture. She crawls more on capillars. The tree swells, and its surviving fibers "get fat", and they can no longer bend greatly and begin to straighten.

Washbasins chief. Make a washbasin - it's just

Baby have one feature: they always get dirty when there is at least the slightest opportunity. And the whole day to drive the child home is rather troublesome, besides, children do not always want to leave the street. It is very simple to solve this issue. Make a simple washbasin with a child.

To do this, you need to take a plastic bottle, on its side surface about 5 cm from the bottom to make a seer or nail hole. The work is completed, the washbasin is ready. Plug the hole made by a finger, pour the waters to the top and close the lid. Slightly unscrewing it, you get a ridge of water, screwing up - you "close the crane" of your washbasin.

Where to share ink? Transform

In an ink or carcass in a water bubble, so that the solution was pale blue. Put the tablet of extended activated carbon. Close the neck with a finger and shake the mixture.

She brightens in front of her eyes. The fact is that coal absorbs his surface of the dye molecule and is no longer visible.

Making a cloud

Pour in a three-liter hot water jar (about 2.5 cm.). Put several ice cubes on the tray and put it on the jar. Air inside the jar, rising up, will cool. The water vapor contained in it will be condensed, forming a cloud.

This experiment simulates the process of forming clouds when cooling warm air. And where does the rain come from? It turns out, drops, heating on the ground, rise up. There they get cold, and they pumped together to each other, forming a cloud. Meeting together, they increase, become severe and fall to the ground in the form of rain.

I don't believe your hands

Prepare three bowls with water: one - cold, other - with room, third - with hot. Ask a child to lower one hand in a bowl with cold water, the second - with hot water. After a few minutes, let him immerse both hands into the water room temperature. Ask, hot or cold it seems to him. Why is there a difference in the feelings of hands? Is it always possible to trust your hands?

Water suction

Put flower into water, tinted any paint. Watch how the flower color changes. Explain that the stem has conductive tubes through which the water rises to the flower and stains it. Such a water suction phenomenon is called osmosis.

Archings and tunnels

Slide the tube from fine paper, slightly large in diameter than pencil. Insert a pencil into it. Then carefully float the tube with the pencil sand so that the ends of the tube are outward. Pull out the pencil - and you will see that the tube remained unmarked. Peschins form safety vaults. Insects that have fallen in the sand are selected from under the thick layer as integrideways.

All robust

Take the usual hanger, two identical containers (it can also be large or medium disposable cups and even aluminum cans from under beverages, however, the cans need to trim the upper part). In the upper part of the capacitance, opposite each other, make two holes, insert any rope in them and attach to the hanger, which hang, for example, on the back of the chair. Balance containers. And now, in such improvised scales, pour or berries, or candy, or cookies, and then the children will not argue, who got goodies more.

"Painka and Vanka-stand." Obedient and naughty egg

First try to put a whole raw egg on a stupid or sharp end. Then proceed to the experiment.

Plot at the ends of the egg two holes with a matchbox and blow the contents. Inside, rinse thoroughly. Give the shell well to dry from the inside within one or two days. After that, clamp a hole with plaster, glue with chalk or levily so that it becomes invisible.

Pour in the shell of clean and dry sand about one quarter. Separate the second hole in the same way as the first. The obedient egg is ready. Now in order to put it in any position, slightly shake the egg, holding it in the position it should occupy. The sands will move, and the supplied egg will maintain balance.

To make a "Vanka-stand" (NEVASHIK), it is necessary to paint in the egg 30-40 pieces of the smallest crushers and pieces of stearin from the candle instead of sand. Then put the egg for one end and warm up. Steaarine is melted, and when it freezes, the crushing is blind and glued them to the shell. Disadvantaged holes in the shell.

The net cannot be laid. The obedient egg will stand on the table, and on the edge of the glass, and on the knife knob.

If your child wants, let him paint both eggs or stick to them funny face.

Boiled or raw?

If there are two eggs on the table, one of which is raw, and the other boiled, how can I define it? Of course, each mistress will make it easily, but show this experience to the child - he will be interested.

Of course, he is unlikely to connect this phenomenon with the center of gravity. Explain to him that the center of gravity is constant in the boiled egg, so it spins. And in a raw egg, the inner liquid mass is a brake, so the raw egg can not spin.

"Stop, hands up!"

Take a small plastic jar from under medication, vitamins, etc. Pill in it some water, put any hip tablet and close it with a lid (independent).

Put it on the table, turning up "upside down", and wait. The gas allocated during the chemical reaction of pills and water will push the bottle, the "roar" and the bottle will throw up the bottle.

"Magic mirrors" or 1? 3? five?

Put two mirrors at an angle of more than 90 °. In the corner put one apple.

Here it begins, but only begins, the present miracle. Apples have become three. And if gradually reduce the angle between the mirrors, the number of apples begins to increase.

In other words, the less the angle of rapprochement of the mirrors, the more items will affect.

Ask your child whether it is possible to make 3, 5, 7 from one apple, without using cutting items. What will he answer you? And now put the experience described above.

How to linse green from grass knee?

Take the fresh leaves of any green plant, put them in a thin-walled glass and pour into a small amount of vodka. Put a glass in a saucepan with hot water (on a water bath), but not directly to the bottom, but on some wooden circle. When the water in the saucepan cools, you will get a tweezers from a glass of leaf. They will be discouraged, and vodka will become emerald green, as chlorophyll, green dye plant stood out of the leaves. It helps plants to "eat" solar energy.

This experience will be useful in life. For example, if the child is inappropriately blurred knees or her hands, then tick them with alcohol or cologne.

Where is the smell?

Take corn sticks, put them in a jar, in which the cologne was in advance, and close it with a dense lid. After 10 minutes, opening the lid, you smell will not feel: it absorbed the porous substance of corn sticks. Such an absorption of color or smell is called adsorption.

What is elasticity?

Take into one hand a small rubber ball, and to another - the same in the size of a plasticine ball. Throw them to the floor from the same height.

How did the ball and the ball behaved, what changes with them happen after the fall? Why plasticine does not bounce, and the ball jershits, - maybe because it is round, or because it is red, or because it is rubber?

Offer your child to be a ball. Touch the baby's head with your hand, and he let him go a little, bending his legs in the knees, and when you remove your hand, let the child straighten his legs and jump. Let the kid jump like a ball. Then explain to the child that with the ball happens the same as with him: he bends his knees, and the ball is slightly pressed, when it falls on the floor, he straightens his knees and jershits, and the ball straightens what he rushed. Ball elastic.

A plasticine or wooden ball is not elastic. Tell your child: "I will touch your head with his hand, and you don't begbib's knees, be no elastic."

Touch your child's head, and he let the wooden ball do not jump. If the knees do not bend, then it is impossible to jump. You can not break the knees that were not bent. A wooden ball, when falling to the floor, is not pressed, which means it does not straighten, so he does not bounce. He is not elastic.

Concept of electric charges

Inflate a small balloon. Watch the ball about wool or fur, and even better about your hair, and you will see how the ball will stick to stick literally to all objects in the room: to the closet, to the wall, and most importantly - to the child.

This is explained by the fact that all items have a certain electrical charge. As a result of contact between two different materials, electric discharges occurs.

Dancing foil

Cut aluminum foil (shiny wrapper from chocolate or candy) very narrow and long stripes. Spend the comb in your hair, and then bring it close to the segments.

Strips will begin to "dance". It is attracted to each other positive and negative electrical charges.

Hanging on your head, or is it possible to hang on your head?

Make a light top of the cardboard, putting it on a thin wand. The bottom end of the sticks sharpen, and in the top cover the tailor pin (with a metal, and not plastic head) deeper, so that only the head is visible.

Let the wolf "dance" on the table, and on top to bring a magnet to it. The top will jump, and the pin head sticks to the magnet, but it is interesting, it will not stop, but will rotate, "hang on the head."

Secret steward of jam. Or maybe this is Carlson?

Grind a pencil trap knife. Let the child run on her finger to her finished powder. Now you need to press a finger to a piece of scotch, and the tape is glued to the white sheet of paper - it will be visible to the fingerprint of your baby's finger. Now we will learn whose prints stayed on the jam jar. Or maybe it flew Carloson?

Unusual drawing

Give the child a piece of clean light monochrome fabric (white, blue, pink, light green).

Narvita petals from different colors: yellow, orange, red, blue, blue, as well as green leaves of different shade. Just remember that some plants are poisonous, such as aconite.

Sketch this mixture on the fabric layered on the cutting board. You can how to involuntize the petals and leaves, so and build a planned composition. Cover it with plastic wrap, secure on the sides of the buttons and roll it all this with a rolling pin or knock the fabric with a hammer. Shake used "Paints", pull the cloth on a thin plywood and insert into the frame. Masterpiece of young dating is ready!

It turned out a wonderful gift to my mother and grandmother.

Useful advice

Children always try to learn something new every dayAnd they always have a lot of questions.

They can explain some phenomena, and you can vividly showHow one thing works, a particular phenomenon works.

In these experiments, children not only recognize something new, but will learn create differentcrafts With which you can play.

1. Experiments for children: lemon volcano

You will need:

2 lemon (for 1 volcano)

Baking soda

Food dyes or watercolor paints

Dishwashing liquid

Wooden wand or spoon (if desired)

1. Cut the lower part of the lemon so that it can be put on a flat surface.

2. From the reverse side, cut a piece of lemon, as shown in the image.

* You can cut off the floor of the lemon and make an open volcano.

3. Take the second lemon, cut it with half and squeeze the juice in the cup. It will be reserve lemon juice.

4. Put the first lemon (with a cut out part) to the tray and a spoon "Remember" lemon inside to squeeze a little juice. It is important that the juice is inside the lemon.

5. Add food dye or watercolor inside the lemon, but do not stir.

6. Pour inside lemon to detergent dishes.

7. Add a full spoonful of food soda to lemon. The reaction will begin. A stick or spoon can stir everything inside the lemon - the volcano will begin to foam.

8. In order for the reaction to continue longer, you can add gradually soda, dyes, soap and reserve lemon juice.

2. Home experiences for children: Electric acne from chewing worms

You will need:

2 glasses

Small container

4-6 chewing worms

3 tablespoons of food soda

1/2 Spoon of vinegar

1 cup of water

Scissors, kitchen or stationery knife.

1. Scissors or knife cut along (it is along - it will not be easy, but take patience) of each worm on 4 (or more) parts.

* The smaller the piece, the better.

* If scissors do not want to cut normally, try rinse with water with soap.

2. In the glass, stir water and food soda.

3. Add to a solution of water and soda to the water and soda and stir.

4. Leave the worms in the solution for 10-15 minutes.

5. With the plug, move pieces of worms on a small plate.

6. Pour the floor of the vinegar spoon in an empty glass and start to put the worms in it.

* An experiment can be repeated if we rinse the worms with ordinary water. After a few attempts, your worms will be dissolved, and then you will have to cut a new batch.

3. Experiments and experiments: Rainbow on paper or as light reflects on a flat surface

You will need:

Bowl with water

Transparent nail polish

Small pieces of black paper.

1. Add 1-2 drops of transparent nail polish to a bowl with water. See how varnish is divided by water.

2. Quickly (10 seconds later) plot a piece of black paper in a bowl. Remove it and let dry on a paper towel.

3. After the paper dried (it happens quickly) Start turning the paper and look at the rainbow that is displayed on it.

* To better see the rainbow on paper, look at it under the sunny rays.

4. Experiments at home: Rain cloud in a bank

When small water drops accumulate in the cloud, they are getting harder and harder. As a result, they have achieved this weight, which will no longer be able to stay in the air and start falling to the ground - it rains so.

This phenomenon can be shown to children with simple materials.

You will need:

Shaving foam

Food coloring.

1. Fill with a jar with water.

2. Apply the shaving foam from above - it will be a cloud.

3. Let the child begin to drip the food dye on the "cloud" until the "rain" - dye drops will begin to fall on the bottom of the banks.

During the experiment, explain this phenomenon to the child.

You will need:

Warm water

Sunflower oil

4 food dye

1. Fill the jar on 3/4 warm water.

2. Take a bowl and stir 3-4 oil spoons in it and a few drops of food dyes. In this example, 1 drop of each of their 4 dyes was used - red, yellow, blue and green.

3. Fork, stir dyes and butter.

4. Gently pour the mixture into a jar with warm water.

5. See what happens - the food dye will begin to slowly go through the oil into the water, after which each drop will start scattering and mixed with other drops.

* The food dye dissolves in water, but not in oil, because Oil density is less than water (so it and "floats" on the water). A drop of dye is heavier than oil, so it will begin to dive until it comes to the water where it starts to dissipate and resemble a small firework.

6. Interesting experiences: inbulk in which colors are merged

You will need:

- Printing wheel (or you can cut your wheel and draw all the colors of the rainbow on it)

Gum or thick thread

Glue stick

Scissors

Spaking or screwdriver (to make holes in a paper wheel).

1. Select and print two templates you want to use.

2. Take a piece of cardboard and with the help of a pencil glue one template to the cardboard.

3. Cut the glued circle from cardboard.

4. To the back of the cardboard circle, glue the second pattern.

5. Skeleton or screwdriver Make two holes in the circle.

6. Shoot the thread through the holes and make the ends in the knot.

Now you can twist your top and watch how the colors are merged on the circles.

7. Experiments for children at home: jellyfish in the bank

You will need:

Small transparent plastic bag

Transparent plastic bottle

Food coloring

Scissors.

1. Put the plastic bag on a flat surface and smooth it.

2. Cut the bottom and packet handles.

3. Cut the package along the right and on the left so that you have two sheets from polyethylene. You need one sheet.

4. Find the center of the polyethylene leaf and fold it as a ball to make the head of jellyfish. Tie a thread in the area of \u200b\u200b"neck" jellyfish, but not too tight - you need to leave a small hole to pour water into the head of jellyfish through it.

5. There is a head, now let's go to the tentacles. Do not cuts in a sheet - from Niza to head. You need about 8-10 tentacles.

6. Each tentacle cut another 3-4 smaller details.

7. Pour some water to the head of the jellyfish, leaving the air space so that the jellyfish can "swim" in the bottle.

8. Fill the bottle with water and shove your jellyfish into it.

9. Drip a couple of drops of a blue or green food dye.

* Close the lid tightly so that the water is not poured.

* Let the children turn the bottle, and look like a jellyfish swims in it.

8. Chemical experiments: Magic crystals in a glass

You will need:

Glass glass or bowl

Plastic bowl

1 Cup of Epsom Salt (Magnesium Sulphate) - used in bath salts

1 cup of hot water

Food coloring.

1. Put the epsom salt in a bowl and add hot water. You can add a couple of drops of food dye to the bowl.

2. Within 1-2 minutes, stir the contents of the bowl. Most of the salt granules should dissolve.

3. Pour the solution into a glass or a glass and place it in the freezer for 10-15 minutes. Do not worry, the solution is not so hot so that the glass is cracked.

4. After the freezer, move the solution into the main refrigerator chamber, preferably on the upper shelf and leave for the night.

The growth of crystals will be noticeable only after a few hours, but it is better to wait overnight.

Here's what the crystals look like the next day. Remember that crystals are very fragile. If you touch them, they will most likely break down or get squeezed.

9. Experiments for children (video): soap cube

10. Chemical experiments for children (video): how to make lava lamp with your own hands

Who loved in school laboratory work on chemistry? Interesting, because it was to mix something with something and get a new substance. True, it did not always work as described in the textbook, but on this occasion, no one suffered, isn't it? The main thing is that something happened, and we saw it right in front of ourselves.

If in real life you are not a chemist and do not encounter much more complex experiences every day at work, then these experiments that can be held at home, you will definitely have at least at home.

Lava lamp

For experience you need:
- transparent bottle or vase
- Water.
- Sunflower oil
- Food coloring
- Several epiryt pills "Supratin"

We mix water with food dye, pour sunflower oil. You do not need to mix, but you will not work. When a clear line is visible between water and oil, throw a pair of "Supratin" tablets into the container. We look at the streams of lava.

Since the oil density is below the water density, it remains on the surface, with a hinting tablet creates bubbles that wear water to the surface.

Elephant Toothpaste

For experience you need:
- bottle
- Small Cup
- Water.
- detergent for dishes or liquid soap
- Hydrogen peroxide
- high-speed food yeast
- Food coloring

We mix in a bottle of liquid soap, hydrogen peroxide and food dye. In a separate cup, we dilute the yeast with water and pour the resulting mixture into a bottle. We look at the eruption.

Yeasts isolated oxygen, which reacts with hydrogen and pushed outward. Dense mass is obtained due to soapy foam, erupting the bottle.

Hot Ice

For experience you need:
- Capacity for heating
- Transparent glass glass
- Plate.
- 200 g of food soda
- 200 ml of acetic acid or 150 ml of its concentrate
- Crystalized Sol

Mix the acetic acid and soda in a saucepan, waiting when the mixture stops hissing. We turn on the stove and evaporate the extra moisture until an oily film appears on the surface. The resulting solution is transferred to clean tank and stammer to room temperature. After that, add the crystal of soda and we look at how the water "freezes", and the container becomes hot.

Heated and mixed vinegar and soda form sodium acetate, which when melting becomes aqueous solution of sodium acetate. When the salt is added to it, it begins to crystalize and highlight heat.

Rainbow in milk

For experience you need:
- Milk
- Plate
- Liquid food dye multiple colors
- cotton wand
- detergent

Pour milk into a plate, drip dyes in several places. Wash your cotton wand in a cleaning agent, omit in a plate with milk. We look at the rainbow.

In the liquid part there is a tire of the fat droplets, which in contact with the detergent well are split and rushed from the entered sticks in all directions. And the correct circle is formed due to superficial tension.

Smoke without fire

For experience you need:
- hydroperite
- Analgin
- mortar and pestle (can be replaced by a ceramic cup and a spoon)

The experiment is best done in a well-ventilated room.
Grinding the pills of hydroperite to the powder, do the same with the analgin. We mix the resulting powders, we wait a little, look what happens.

During the reaction, hydrogen sulfide, water and oxygen are formed. This leads to partial hydrolysis with the cleavage of methylamine, which interacts with the hydrogen sulfide, the suspension of its small crystals of which resembles smoke.

Pharaoh Snake

For experience you need:
- Calcium gluconate
- Dry fuel
- matches or lighter

We put on a dry fuel, a few tablets of calcium gluconate, ignite. We look at the snakes.

Calcium gluconate decomposes when heated, which leads to an increase in the volume of the mixture.

Nengeton liquid

For experience you need:

- bowl for mixing
- 200 g corn starch
- 400 ml of water

Gradually add water to starch and stir. Try to make the mixture become homogeneous. Now try rolling the bulb from the resulting mass and keep it.

The so-called Nengeton liquid under rapid interaction behaves like a solid, and with slow - as a liquid.

How to interest the child to the knowledge of new substances and properties of various objects and liquids? At home you can arrange an improvised chemical laboratory and make simple chemical experiments for children at home.

Transformations will be original and relevant in honor of any festive event or in the most common conditions for familiarizing the child with the properties of different materials. Here are some simple tricks that are easy to repeat at home.

Chemical experiments using ink

Take a small container with water, better with transparent walls.

Dissolve a drop of carcasses or ink in it - water is painted in blue.

Add one tablet of activated carbon to the solution pre-crushed.

Then shake the container well and see that it will gradually be bright, without a shade of paint. Coal powder has absorbent properties, and water acquires its original color.

We try to create clouds at home

Take a high jar and pour some hot water into it (about 3 cm). Prepare in the freezer of ice cubes and put them on a flat baking sheet that will post on the jar.

Hot air in the jar will be cooled, forming water vapor. Condensate molecules will be collected together in the form of a cloud. So the transformation demonstrates the origin in the nature of the clouds when warm air is cooled. Why is it raining?

Drops of water, found out on Earth, heat up and climb up. There they are cooled and encountered with each other are formed into the clouds. The clouds are then connected in severe formations, and fall to the ground as precipitation. Watch video chemical experiments for children at home.

Feeling for hands at different water temperatures

It will take three deep bowls with water - cold, hot and room temperature.

The child must touch with one hand of cold water, and the other is hot.

After a couple of minutes, both hands are placed in a vessel with water temperature. What is the water? Is there a difference in the temperature of perception?

Water can be absorbed and painted

For this beautiful transformation, a live plant or flower stem is required.

Place it into a glass with water painted by any bright color (red, blue, yellow).

Gradually, notice that the plant is painted with the same color.

This happens because the stem absorbs water and takes her color. In the language of chemical phenomena, this process is customary to call osmosis or one-sided diffusion.

Fire extinguisher can be made independently at home

Necessary actions:

1. Take a candle.
2. It is necessary to light it, and place it in the bank so that it stands straight, and the flame did not reach her edges.
3. In the jar neatly put a teaspoon of a teas for the test.
4. Then pour into it a slightly vinegar.

Further, we look at the transformation - the white baking powder will zerind, forming a foam, and the candle will go out. Such interaction of two substances ensures the occurrence of carbon dioxide. It falls at the bottom of the banks, since severe in comparison with other atmospheric gases.

The fire does not receive access of oxygen and goes out. This principle is laid into the fire extinguisher's device. All of them contain carbon dioxide, which carries flames of fire.

What you still need to read:

Oranges are able to swim on the water

If the orange is put in a bowl with water, it will not be sinking. Clean it and push it again in the water - see it at the bottom. How did it happen?

Orange peel has air bubbles on which it holds on the water, almost like an inflatable mattress.

Checking eggs on the ability to swim on the water

We again use water jars. In one of them, put a couple of salt spoons and stir up to dissolution. Plunge the egg into each of the cans. In salt water it will be on the surface, and in the usual - drops to the bottom.

Explain to the child that water has a certain density. Salted water has a property to hold objects. For example, if you were family at sea, then the child could really feel the properties of sea (salty) water.

Card file of experiments and experiments for preschool children "Water experiments"

Prepared: Nurullina Educator G.

Purpose:

1. Help the children better know the world around.

2. Create favorable conditions for sensory perception, improving such vital mental processes, as the feelings that are the first steps in the knowledge of the surrounding world.

3. Develop a shallow motorcy and tactile sensitivity, to teach listen to their feelings and pronounce them.

4. Teach children to explore water in different states.

5. Through games and experiments to teach children to determine the physical properties of water.

6. Teach children to make independent conclusions on the results of the survey.

7. Rail the moral and spiritual qualities of the child during his communication with nature.

Experiments with water

To the note teacher: you can buy equipment for experiments in kindergarten in a specialized store "Kindergarten" Detsad-shop.ru

Experience number 1. "Water staining".

Purpose: Reveal the properties of water: water can be warm and cold, some substances dissolve in water. The greater this substance, the more intense color; The warmer water, the faster the substance dissolves.

Material: water capacities (cold and warm), paint, stalling sticks, measuring cups.

Adult and children are considering in water 2-3 subjects, find out why they are clearly visible (transparent water). Further find out how can you paint water (add paint). Adult proposes to paint the water itself (in cups with warm and cold water). In what cup paint will dissolve faster? (In a glass with warm water). How paints water if the dye will be more? (Water will become more painted).

Experience # 2. "Water is not color, but it can be painted."

Open a crane, suggest to watch pouring water. Pour in several glasses water. What color is water? (Water has no color, it is transparent). Water can be squeezed by adding paint to it. (Children are watching water coloring). What color was the water? (Red, Blue, Yellow, Red). The color of water depends on what color the paint is added to the water.

Conclusion: What have we learned about today? What can happen with water if you add paint in it? (Water is easy to paint in any color).

Experience number 3. "Play with paints."

Objective: to acquaint with the process of dissolving paint in water (arbitrarily and when stirring); Develop observation, intelligence.

Material: Two cans with clean water, paint, blades, cloth napkin.

Paints, like rainbow,

Beauty of your children please

Orange, yellow, red,

Blue, green - different!

In a jar with water add a little red paint, what happens? (Paints slowly, unevenly dissolve).

To another jar with water add a bit of blue paint, stir. What's happening? (The paint is dissolved evenly).

Children mix the water from two jars. What's happening? (When connecting blue and red paint, water in the bank has become brown).

Conclusion: a drop of paint, if it does not interfere, dissolves in water slowly, unevenly, and when stirring - evenly.

Experience number 4. "Water is needed to all."

Objective: to give children an idea of \u200b\u200bthe role of water in the life of plants.

The move: the teacher asks children what will be with the plant, if not to water it (dried). Water is needed by plants. Look. Take 2 peas. One is placed on a saucer in a watched vat, and the second - to another saucer - in a dry blade. Leave the pea for a few days. At one pea, which was a sprout in a vat with water, and in the other - no. Children clearly make up the role of water in the development, plant growing.

Experience number 5. "There is a droplet in a circle."

Purpose: give children elementary knowledge about the cycle of water in nature.

Turn: Take two bowls with water - a big and small, put on the windowsill and will observe, from which bowl water will disappear faster. When there is no water in one of the bowl, discuss with children, where the water disappeared? What could happen to her? (Water droplets are constantly traveling: the rain falls on the ground, running in the streams; they will sing the plants, under the rays, the sun return home again - to the clouds, of which when they came to the ground in the form of rain.)

Experience number 6. "Warm and cold water."

Purpose: clarify the presentations of children that water is different temperatures - cold and hot; It can be found if you touch the water with your hands, in any water soap soaps: water and soap wash off dirt.

Material: soap, water: cold, hot in the pelvis, rag.

The move: the tutor offers children to lay hands with dry soap and without water. Then suggests to wet the arms and soap in the pelvis with cold water. Specifies: the water is cold, transparent, soap is soaping in it, after washing hands, water becomes opaque, dirty.

Then suggests to slip hands into a hot water basin.

Conclusion: Water is a kind assistant man.

Experience number 7. "When is it pouring when dripping?".

Purpose: continue to acquaint with the properties of water; develop observation; Fasten knowledge of safety rules when handling glass items.

Material: pipette, two mins, plastic bag, sponge, socket.

The move: the tutor offers the guys to play with water and makes a hole in the bag with water. Children raise it over the outlet. What's happening? (Water dripping, hitting the surface of the water, the droplets make sounds). Pump a few drops of pipettes. When water drips faster: from a pipette or package? Why?

Children from one menzurka overflow water to another. Watch when faster water flows - when dripping or when it is pouring?

Children immerse the sponge into a beaker with water, take it out. What's happening? (The water first flows, then dripping).

Experience number 8. "What bottle the water is faster?".

Purpose: Continue to acquaint with the properties of water, the objects of different magnitude, develop a mixture, to learn to follow safety rules when handling glass items.

Material: Water bath, two bottles of different sizes - with a narrow and wide neck, a cloth napkin.

Turn: What song does water sing? (Bul, Bul, Bul).

We listen to two songs at once: which one is better?

Children compare bottles in magnitude: view the shape of the neck in each of them; Immerse a bottle with a wide neck in the water, looking at the clock notes, for what time it will be filled with water; Immerse a bottle with a narrow neck into the water, noted how many minutes it is filled.

Find out what bottle will the water fall out faster: from big or small? Why?

Children immerse two bottles at once. What's happening? (water in the bottle is not inevitable)

Experience number 9. "What happens to the ferry during cooling?".

Purpose: Show children that in the room of steam, cooling, turns into water droplets; On the street (in the frost), he becomes inlets on the branches of trees and bushes.

Street: The educator proposes to touch the window glass - make sure that it is cold, then three guys suggests on the glass at one point. They observe how glass fishes, and then the water droplet is formed.

Conclusion: Couples from breathing on cold glass turns into water.

During the walk, the teacher only puts out the boiled kettle, puts it under the branches of the tree or shrub, opens the lid and everything is observed, as the branches "turn" in the way.

Experience number 10. "Friends".

Objective: to introduce water composition (oxygen); Develop a mixture, curiosity.

Material: glass and water bottle, closed with plug, cloth napkin.

The move: a glass with water for a few minutes to put in the sun. What's happening? (Bubbles are formed on the walls of the glass - this is oxygen).

Bottle with water with all his might shake. What's happening? (a large number of bubbles were formed)

Conclusion: the composition of water includes oxygen; It "appears" in the form of small bubbles; When water driving bubbles appears more; Oxygen is needed to those who live in water.

Experience number 11. "Where is the water?".

Purpose: to identify the process of evaporation of water, the dependence of the evaporation rate from the conditions (open and closed surface of the water).

Material: Two dimensional identical containers.

Children pour an equal amount of water in the tank; Together with the educator make a level mark; One bank is closed tightly with a lid, another - leave open; Both banks put on the windowsill.

During the week, the evaporation process is observed, making marks on the walls of the containers and fixing the results in the observation diary. Discuss if the amount of water changed (the water level was lower than the mark), where water disappeared with an open can (water particles rose from the surface in the air). When the capacity is closed, the evaporation is weak (water particles cannot evaporate from the closed vessel).

Experience number 12. "Where does water come from?".

Objective: to introduce a condensation process.

Material: hot water capacitance, chilled metal cover.

An adult covers a cold cap with a cold lid. After some time, children are invited to consider the inner side of the lid, touch her hand. Find out where the water is taken from (these are water particles rose from the surface, they could not evaporate from the jar and downtowed on the lid). Adult proposes to repeat the experience, but with a warm lid. Children observe that there is no water on the warm lid, and with the help of the educator conclude: the process of transformation of steam into water occurs when the steam is cooled.

Experience number 13. "What a life will dry faster?".

Guys, do you remember what remains after the rain? (Puddles). Rain is sometimes very strong, and after him there are big puddles, and after a small rain, puddles are: (small). Offers to see what a tuning will dry faster - big or small. (The teacher distinguishes water on the asphalt, drawing up different on the size of the puddle). Why did a little puddle dried faster? (There is less water). And the big puddles sometimes dry out all day.

Conclusion: What have we learned about today? What a puddle dries faster - big or small. (Little puddle dries faster).

Experience number 14. "The game of hide and seek."

Purpose: continue to acquaint with the properties of water; Develop observation, smelting, perfection.

Material: two plates of plexiglas, pipette, cups with transparent and colored water.

One, two, three, four, five!

We will find a drip

From the pipette appeared

The glass was dissolved ...

From pipette on a dry glass to cause a drop of water. Why doesn't she spread? (prevents dry surface plate)

Children til off the plate. What's happening? (drop slowly flow)

Mix the surface of the plate, drop on it from pipette with transparent water. What's happening? (it will "dissolve" on a wet surface and will become imperceptible)

On the wet surface of the pipette plate, apply a drop of colored water. What will happen? (Color water dissolves in transparent water)

Conclusion: when a transparent drop in the water, it disappears; A drop of colored water on a wet glass can be seen.

Experience number 15. "How to push out water?".

Purpose: To form ideas that the water level increases, if we put objects into the water.

Material: measuring water capacity, pebbles, object in tank.

The task is set in front of the children: to get an object from the tank, without lowering the hands into the water and without using different assistant items (for example, a sump). If children find it difficult with the decision, the teacher proposes putting pebbles into the vessel until the water level does not reach the edge.

Conclusion: pebbles, filling the tank, pushed water.

Experience number 16. "Where does Iave come from?".

Equipment: hot water thermos, plate.

For a walk, a thermos with hot water is taken. Opening it, the children will see couples. Above the ferry must hold the cold plate. Children see how steam turns into water droplets. Then this stump is left until the end of the walk. At the end of a walk, children will easily see her education in her. Experience should be supplemented with a story about how precipitation is formed on Earth.

Conclusion: When heated, the water turns into pairs, steam - when cooled turns into water, water in the air.

Experience number 17. "Magnifying Loda".

Equipment: Plate, bowls with hot water and cold water, ice cubes, spoon, watercolor paints, ropes, a variety of molds.

The educator proposes to guess where ice is faster - in a bowl with cold water or in a bowl with hot water. Encloses ice, and children are watching about what is happening. Time is fixed with the help of numbers that are laid out near the bowls, the children make conclusions. Children are invited to consider colored iceclock. What is the ice? How is such icecline? Why is the rope hold? (Quit to the ice.)

How can you get multicolored water? Children add color paints around the choice, poured into the molds (all different molds) and put on the trays to the cold.

Experience number 18. "Frontal water".

Equipment: pieces of ice, cold water, plates, picture with the image of Iceberg.

Before children - a bowl with water. They discuss what water, what form it is. Water changes the shape, because it is liquid. Can water be solid? What happens to water if it is very cool? (Water will turn into a lot.)

Consider pieces of ice. What is the ice different from the water? Is it possible to cast a lot like water? Children try to do it. What is the form of ice? Ice keeps the form. Everything that retains its shape like ice is called a solid.

Is ice floats? The tutor puts a piece of ice in a bowl, and children are watching. What part of ice floats? (Upper.) In the cold seas float huge blocks of ice float. They are called icebergs (show pictures). Over the surface is visible only the top of the iceberg. And if the captain of the ship won't notice and stumble on the underwater part of the iceberg, then the ship can drown.

The educator draws the attention of children to the ice, which lay in a plate. What happened? Why did the ice melted? (In the room warmly.) What did the ice turn? What is the ice?

Experience number 19. "Water mill".

Equipment: Toy water mill, pelvis, jug with code, rag, aprons by number of children.

Grandfather Knock holds a conversation about what a man is water. During the conversation, the children remember its properties. Can water make other items work? After answering children, Grandfather knows the water mill. What is it? How to make the mill work? Children put on apron and roll sleeves; They take a jug with water into the right hand, and the left supported it near the nose and pour water on the blades of the mill, directing the water stream to the center of the blade. What do you see? Why is the mill moving? What makes it in motion? Water leads to the mill.

Children play with a mill.

It is noted that if a small stream pour water, the mill works slowly, and if a large jet is pouring, the mill works faster.

Experience number 20. "Couples are also water."

Equipment: Circle with boiling water, glass.

Take a mug with boiling water so that the children see couples. Place the glass above the ferry, water droplets are formed on it.

Conclusion: the water turns into steam, and the pair is then turning into water.

Experience number 21. "Ice transparency".

Equipment: water molds, minor items.

The educator invites children to pass along the edge of the puddles, listen to how the ice crunches. (Where there are a lot of water, the ice is solid, durable, does not break under the legs.) Fastens the idea that the ice is transparent. To do this, the transparent container puts small items, pours with water and puts over the night over the window. In the morning, they see the frozen items through the ice.

Conclusion: items are visible through the ice because it is transparent.

Experience number 22. "Why snow is soft?".

Equipment: blades, buckets, magnifier, black velvet paper.

Suggest children to watch how the snow is spinning and falls. Let the children scream off the snow, and then buckets carry it into a pile for a slide. Children note that the buckets with snow are very light, and in the summer they wore sand in them, and he was hard. The children then consider snow flakes that fall on black velvet paper, through a magnifying glass. They see that these are separate snowflakes covered together. And between snowflakes - air, therefore, the snow is fluffy and it is so easy to raise.

Conclusion: Snow is lighter than sand, as it consists of snowflakes, between which there is a lot of air. Children complement from personal experience, they call that heavier than snow: water, earth, sand and much more.

Please note that depending on the weather changes the shape of snowflakes: with a strong frost, snowflakes fall in the form of solid major stars; With a weak frost, they resemble white solid balls that are called cereals; With strong wind, very small snowflakes fly, since they are broken rays. If you go through the snow in the frost, you can hear how it creaks. Read the poems poem K. Balmont "Snowflake".

Experience number 23. "Why warms the snow?".

Equipment: blades, two bottles with warm water.

Suggest the children to remember how their parents in the garden, protect plants from frosts in the country. (Shelted them with snow). Ask children, is it necessary to seal, get snow near the trees? (Not). And why? (In loose snow, a lot of air and it better saves heat).

This can be checked. Before walking, pour into two identical bottles of warm water and clog them. Suggest children to touch them and make sure that they are both warm water. Then, on the site, one of the bottles put on an open place, the other is buried in the snow, without having it. At the end of the walk both bottles are set nearby and compare, which water has cooled more, find out, in which bottle on the surface Ice appeared on the surface.

Conclusion: In a bottle under the snow, the water cooled less, it means that the snow retains heat.

Pay attention to children how easy it is breathing in a frosty day. Ask children to speak, why? This is because the falling snow takes the smallest dust particles from the air, which is in winter. And the air becomes clean, fresh.

Experience number 24. "How to get drinking water from salt water."

Pour water in the pelvis, add two tablespoons of salt, mix. On the bottom of the empty plastic glass put the washed pebbles, and lower the glass in the pelvis so that it does not pop up, but its edges were higher than the water level. Top pulling the film, tie it around the pelvis. Selling a film in the center above the glass and put in the deepening another pebble. Put the pelvis in the sun. After a few hours in a cup, unsalted clean water accumulates. Conclusion: the water in the sun evaporates, condensate remains on the film and flows into an empty glass, the salt does not evaporate and remains in the pelvis.

Experience number 25. "Melting of the Snow".

Purpose: Test to understand that snow melts from any source of heat.

The move: to observe the melting of snow on a warm hand, a mittens, on the battery, on the heating station, etc.

Conclusion: snow melts from heavy air coming from any system.

Experience number 26. "How to get water for drinking?".

Drop the pit in the ground with a depth of about 25 cm and a diameter of 50 cm. Put an empty plastic container in the center of the pit in the center of the pit, placing fresh green grass and leaves around it. Cover the hole with a clean polyethylene film and pour her edges of the earth so that the air does not leave the pit. In the center of the film, put the pebbles and slightly press the film over the empty capacity. Fixture for collecting water is ready.
Leave your design until the evening. And now carefully shook the earth from the film so that it does not get into the container (bowl), and see: the bowl is clean water. Where did she come from? Explain the child that under the action of solar heat grass and leaves began to decompose, highlighting heat. Warm air always rises up. In the form of evaporation, it settles on a cold film and condenses on it in the form of water droplets. This water flows into your container; Remember, you're slightly sold the film and put a stone there. Now you have to come up with an interesting story about travelers who went to distant countries and forgot to take water with them, and start a fascinating journey.

Experience number 27. "Is it possible to drink talu water".

Purpose: Show that even the most seemingly pure snow is dirtier tap water.

Turning: Take two light plates, to put snow into one, to pour ordinary water tap water to another. After the snow melts, consider water in plates, compare it and find out in which there was snow (determine on the garbage at the bottom). Make sure that snow is dirty melt water, and it is not suitable for drinking people. But, melting water can be used for planting plants, and it can also be given to animals.

Experience number 28. "Is it possible to glue with water with water."

Take two sheets of paper. Move one to one side, the other to another. Washing water, slightly squeeze, try to move - unsuccessfully. Conclusion: Water has a gluing effect.

Experience number 29. "Water ability to reflect surrounding items."

Purpose: show that water reflects the surrounding items.

Stroke: Make a pelvis with water in a group. Suggest the guys to consider what is reflected in the water. Ask for children to find their reflection, remember where they saw their reflection.

Conclusion: Water reflects the surrounding items, it can be used as a mirror.

Experience number 30. "Water can pour, and can splash."

In the watering can pour water. The educator demonstrates watering room plants (1-2). What happens to water when I tilt a watering can? (Water is poured). Where does water come from? (From the nose of the watering can?). Show children a special device for splashing - a spray gun (children can be said that this is a special spray). It is needed to splash on flowers in hot weather. I splash and refresh the leaflets, they are easier to breathe. Flowers take a shower. Suggest to observe the splashing process. Pay attention that the droplets are very similar to dust because they are very small. Suggest to substitute your palms, sprinkle on them. Palms have become what? (Wet). Why? (They splashed with water). Today we poured plants with water and sprinkled with water on them.

Conclusion: What have we learned about today? What can happen to water? (Water can pour, and can sprinkle).

Experience number 31. "Wet wipes dry faster in the sun than in the shade."

Napkins wet in water tanks or under the crane. Suggest touch the napkins to the touch. What kind of napkins? (Wet, wet). Why did they become such? (They were wetted in water). Dolls will come to visit us and dry napkins will be needed to sit on the table. What to do? (Dish). What do you think, where the napkins dry faster - in the sun or in the shade? This can be checked for a walk: one hang on the sunny side, another on the shadow. Which napkin dried faster is the one that hangs on the sun or the one that hangs in the shade? (In the sun).

Conclusion: What have we learned about today? Where is the lingerie dries faster? (Lingerie in the sun dries faster than in the shadow).

Experience number 32. "Plants are easier to breathe if the soil is pouring and exploting."

Suggest viewing the soil in the flower bed, touch it. What is she on the touch? (Dry, solid). Can you blow it with a wand? Why did she become like that? Why dried so? (The sun was dried). In such a land, plants breathe poorly. Now we are plenty of plants on the flower bed. After watering: Press the soil in the flower bed. What is she now? (Wet). And the wand is easily enters the ground? Now we will explode it, and the plants will begin to breathe.

Conclusion: What have we learned about today? When is plants breathing easier? (Plants are easier to breathe if the soil is pole and explode).

Experience number 33. "Hands will be cleaner, if you wash them with water."

Suggest using the molds to make figures from sand. To draw the attention of children to the fact that the hands became dirty. What to do? Maybe the palm can be detached? Or will it? Steel palms clean? How to clean your hands from the sand? (Wash water). The educator offers to do it.

Conclusion: What have we learned today? (Hands will be cleaner, if you wash them with water).

Experience number 34. "Water Assistant".

On the table after breakfast there were crumbs, stains from tea. Guys, after breakfast, the tables remained dirty. Sit down again for such tables is not very nice. What to do? (Wash). Than? (Water and cloth). Or maybe you can do without water? Let's try to rub the tables with a dry napkin. The crumbs came to collect, but here the spots remained. What to do? (Wipe the napkin with water and rub well). The educator shows the process of washing the tables, invites children to wash the tables themselves. During washing, he emphasizes the role of water. Now the tables are clean?

Conclusion: What have we learned about today? In which case, the tables become very clean after meals? (If you wash them with water and a cloth).

Experience number 35. "Water can turn into ice, and the ice turns into water."

Pour water into a glass. What do we know about water? What water? (Liquid, transparent, without color, odor and taste). Now I am transferent to the water in the mold and put it in the refrigerator. What happened to water? (She frowned, turned into ice). Why? (In the refrigerator is very cold). Let us leave the mold with ice for a while in a warm place. What will be with ice? Why? (In the room heat). Water turns into ice, and ice into the water.

Conclusion: What have we learned about today? When does the water turn into a lot? (Then when it is very cold). When is the ice turn into water? (When it is very warm).

Experience number 36. "Water flow".

Purpose: show that water does not have a form, flows, flows.

The move: take 2 glasses filled with water, as well as 2-3 items made of solid material (cube, line, wooden spoon, etc.) Determine the form of these items. Ask a question: "Is there a form of water?". Suggest children to find an answer independently, overflow water from some vessels to others (cup, saucer, bubble, etc.). Remember where the puddles appear.

Conclusion: water does not have a form, takes the form of the vessel into which is nanitis, that is, it can easily change the form.

Experience number 37. "Life-minded property of water."

Purpose: show the important property of water - give life to the living.

The move: observation of cut-off branches of the tree put into the water, they come to life, give roots. Observation of the extension of the same seeds in two sauces: empty and with wet wool. Observation of the sprinkle of the bulbs in a dry jar and a jar with water.

Conclusion: Water gives life to life.

Experience number 38. "Melting of ice in water."

Purpose: Show the relationship of quantity and quality from size.

The move: Place a large and small "ice floes" in the pelvis with water. Ask children, which of them melts faster. Listen to the hypotheses.

Conclusion: the more Ice - the slower it melts, and vice versa.

Experience number 39. "What the water smells."

Three glasses (sugar, salt, clean water). In one of them add a solution of valerian. There is a smell. Water begins to smell those substances that are added to it.