What are natural Crimean wines? Crimean wines: classification, main producers

Ancient peoples began to use grapes for a long time to obtain a drink with unique taste characteristics. Often, the history of winemaking has a mythological quality.

It is easy to guess how the idea of ​​using grapes came to mind to the inhabitants of the Crimean Peninsula. Juicy berry juice quickly begins to ferment and turns into an alcoholic drink.
Let's remember that in ancient times winemaking became a real art. The population's attachment to wine increased every day, and winemaking developed and opened up new opportunities for using the raw product.

Globally, Crimean winemakers have made a huge contribution. Excavations of archaeological sites indicate that the culture of wine production in Crimea dates back to the 7th-6th centuries. BC NS. This area has always been an arena for ethnic and military conflicts, and sometimes it was a disastrous factor for fertile plantations. Winemaking either ceased to exist, then revived with renewed vigor.
The invasions of warlike peoples led to the decline of the wine-making cultures of the Crimea. However, in XIII, the influence of the Genoese union significantly influenced the entire trade of the peninsula.

Genoese already by the XIV century. possessed all the lands of Crimea, including Sudak and Balaklava. Thanks to foreigners, the locals got one of the best periods in history for the development of agricultural activities. Trade not only contributed to the winemaking business, but also stimulated the development of activities to improve production technologies in general.
Over time, the Sudak region becomes a wine-making center that successfully trades with all the surrounding areas, including Russia.
A hundred years later, Crimea was conquered by the Turks, after which winemaking experienced hard times. Vineyards were destroyed and thousands of men and women were killed in wars. Art had to be restored again, as well as the culture of the entire nation.

In the 19th century, winemaking was revived again. The main character is Count Vorontsov, who begins to actively plant vineyards in his possessions in Crimea. Products made in its suburbs bore a special label "Aged in Vorontsov's cellars". Grappa made from grape cake was sold under the guise of vodka and was called "Vorontsovskaya starka".
By the middle of the century, up to 400 vineyards were located in the Crimea. The planted area was 3.5 thousand hectares.

By the 20th century, production increased, and at exhibitions in Italy, France and Belgium, samples of Crimean wines were full of images. At the same time, educational institutions were opened teaching the art of winemaking.
The success of college graduates directly depended on enthusiasm in their work, and now professionals in their field began to actively disseminate knowledge about winemaking throughout the lands of Crimea and Russia.

Today Crimean wines are delivered throughout Russia and neighboring countries. Drinks from the fertile lands of the wonderful peninsula are popular with true connoisseurs of winemaking, because they have outstanding characteristics that are highly appreciated both by sophisticated winemaking experts and ordinary people.

Classification of Crimean wines: canteens, strong, dessert, liqueur, flavored, sparkling

Table wines

Table wines are usually served daily.

They are characterized by the fact that they contain sugar in the following proportions:

0.3% dry;
1-2.5% semi-dry;
3-8% - semi-sweet.
The amount of alcohol varies from 9 to 14% by volume. It depends on the sugar level in the grape juice.

By the way, wines are also subdivided into:
red(obtained by fermentation of juice and pulp, due to which the coloring matter remains in the wine);
pink(during production, the aging time of fermentation is limited, and the wort is processed as for white wine);
white(made from refined grape juice, which is why aromatic and tannins give the wine a rich bouquet).

Dessert wines

Produced from grapes with a high degree of sugar content. For this, the berries are harvested when ripe and overripe. Moreover, the sugar content should be at least 22-35%.
The fermentation process is stopped artificially when the sugar content in the liquid has reached the desired level.

The amount of sugar divides wines into:
Semi-sweet- 5-12% sugar and 14-16% alcohol;
Sweet-14-20% sugar and 15-17% alcohol.

Liqueur wines

Liqueur wines contain up to 35% sugars and 17% vol. alcohol. They are usually made from grape varieties with a high sugar content. These types of wines include Pinot noir, Rkatseteli, Cabernet Sauvignon, Saperavi, etc.

Strong wines

Strong wines have more than 20% vol. alcohol with a sugar content of 1 to 14%. Strong wines are very popular - port, Madeira, sherry. A distinctive feature in the production of strong wines is that the technology requires heating the wine material for a 3-year period on special solar sites or chambers.

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Flavored wines

Flavored wines are obtained by mixing the base grape material and alcoholic extracts of herbal ingredients. Often, the bouquet of flavored wines includes sage, thyme, mint, cinnamon, wormwood and other natural flavors. Flavoring characteristics acquire an extensive floral, citrusy, resinous and nutmeg shades. The main properties of the product are acquired thanks to the essential oils that are part of a particular flavor. The taste of the wine is usually with a noticeable bitterness and spice. The color depends on the type of flavoring and can acquire both golden color and bright red.

Sparkling wine

The technology for the production of sparkling wines is such that the drink is saturated with carbon dioxide, due to which it becomes effervescent. The dioxide mimics the natural mechanisms of fermentation. Sparkling wine is made in a large tank that can withstand an internal pressure of 630 kilopascals, which is three times the pressure in a car's tire. Not to be confused with sparkling wine, in other words a carbonated drink made with artificially introduced carbon dioxide.

The main producers of Crimean wines:

Koktebel

This brand of Crimean wine is the most widespread. It is distinguished from other enterprises by a high level of quality and individuality. In terms of aroma, color and taste, the wines of the Koktebel plant have no equal. It was formed in 1944. The peculiarities are due to such categorical characteristics as soil, slope, temperature and the creative message of the winemaker. This creates the uniqueness of a unique wine drink. The Koktebel plant is located in the village of the same name not far from Kara-Dag. The locals are accustomed to calling the village "The Country of Blue Peaks", since the town is surrounded by mountains. Koktebel produces more than 20 types of various wines and 7 types of cognacs, with an individual taste and flavor bouquet.

The best wines factories - "Pinot Gris", "Old Nectar", cognacs - "Koktebel", "Kutuzov".

Magarach

Since 1828, Magarach is the largest research institution, which not only trained the best winemakers of the Crimea, but always worked to improve the technology of wine production and its characteristics. The association's specialists are trying to increase the number of grape varieties and create special agronomic complexes for professional care of the vineyards. Magarach is a sign of development and exceptional quality.

The best wines avoda - "Ruby Magarach", "Bastardo", "White Muscat", "Pink Muscat", "Magarach No. 25", "Pinot-Gris Magarach".

Inkerman

Inkerman positions itself as a vintage wines factory. It enjoys overwhelming success among true connoisseurs and connoisseurs of Crimean wines. Inkerman creates masterpieces that can compete even with their foreign counterparts. Perfectly developed technology of wine production helps to create unique vintage wines. Conditions are created specifically for aging complex wines. The temperature remains between 12 and 16 С. Humidity is provided at a depth of 5-30 meters in the stone depths of underground mines.
This is a classic winery, declared by the International Wine Organization as one of the best in the world.
The varieties are aged in oak containers, the stock of which is 700 bottles and 7,000 barrels. On average, exposure is two to three years.

The best varieties factory Inkerman - almost all table wines.

Sevastopol Wine Factory

Founded in 1936, the factory is engaged in the production of sparkling wines. They work here according to the technology developed by Lev Golitsyn himself. The workers of the plant try to keep secret the peculiarities of the production of such wines. Muscat sparkling wine was awarded the Grand Prix Cup in Montreal in 1965. In total, the plant's products have in their arsenal more than 20 valuable medals for amazing taste. They are very popular in many EU countries.

Top brands- "Muscat sparkling wine", "Sevastopol sparkling wine".

New World

The Novy Svet plant has a century-old history, which confirms its right to be called one of the best producers of Crimea. It got its name in honor of the village in which it is located. A number of the most popular sparkling wines are produced here. Travel companies organize tours of the plant and talk about wine-making technologies. In front of the plant itself there is a monument to the founder and main inspirer of the plant - Golitsyn. Thanks to him, wine was delivered directly to the tables of the emperor of the Russian Empire and was always honored by all the nobility of the 19th century. In modern times, namely in 2008, this enterprise was awarded an award from the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine for outstanding success in preserving the traditions and development of Crimean winemaking.

Top brands plant - "Chardonnay", "Pinot noir", "Aligote", "Cabernet Sauvignon".

Massandra

Perhaps the most favorite wines of both connoisseurs and ordinary people belong to the Massandra distillery. Geographically, it is located above the park of the same name, and is located near the Simferopol highway. The association is well known. Production has always been based on scientific and analytical advances. The famous white nutmeg has won the main prize several times at international competitions and tasting tests.
Massanda's excellent products are savored while savoring the delicious bouquet of southern herbs and the tart character of the seaside lands. The plant creates special storage facilities - enoteca, which can boast of wines dating back up to 200 years.

The best wines plants - "Ay-serez", "Pinot-Gris", "Heres", "Kokur", "Muscat pink Massandra", "Bastardo", "Aligote".

Wine culture in Crimea

Drinking wine begins with a glass, it should be perfectly transparent and colorless, preferably crystal, since only such characteristics will help to appreciate the game, color and bouquet of the drink.

Wine drinking culture includes several rules:

The stronger the drink, the smaller the container should be;

Table wines are drunk from small glasses, and sparkling wines from glasses of various shapes;

Wine should be drunk slowly, in small sips, imbued with the range of taste properties of the drink;

You need to store wine at a temperature of 12 degrees;

White champagne should be served at the beginning of dinner, and pink or red semi-sweet and nutmeg - with dessert or fruit;

As an aperitif, it is best to serve dry champagne, sherry, port and vermouth.

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Remember that the pleasure of drinking wine is a special kind of pleasure. Imbued with history and the culture of winemaking in Crimea, you will be able to fully appreciate the work of generations, the results of preserving traditions under the conditions of improving the production of unique varieties of wine.

Nowadays, Crimea is a wonderful territory for creating high-quality wines. There are already standing samples and time-tested producers, but the wine-making potential of the peninsula is so huge that in the future, we are sure, local wines will be in demand far beyond its borders.

The history of winemaking in Crimea

Winemaking in Crimea originated not hundreds, but thousands of years ago! And if we can precisely find here archaeological evidence of viticulture and winemaking of the times of antiquity, that is, from the sixth century BC, then according to indirect evidence, wine was made in Crimea long before the appearance of the Greeks. It is believed that even the Taurus, the ancient inhabitants of the peninsula, already cultivated grapes and developed their own methods of winemaking. There is little surprising in this: on the territory of Crimea, nature itself has created ideal conditions for winemaking, suitable soils, a mild climate, an abundance of sun - from time immemorial the vines feel great in this climatic zone.

The center of the Crimean winemaking was the Bakhchisarai region. Archaeologists have found here ramps cut into the ground - special wine presses. In Mangup, Chufut-Kale, Eski-Kermen, Kachi-Kalion, wine was made not only for their own consumption, but also for sale, trade was conducted with Europe.

Unfortunately, Crimean vineyards faced serious challenges, as well as winemaking traditions. We can say that the very course of history either contributed to the rapid flourishing of the Crimean winemaking, then practically led to its death. At first, the Huns, Khazars, Polovtsians, Pechenegs attacked the Taurian settlements, leading to the decay of local vineyards. After that, the locals again restored the traditions of making ancient drinks.

In the XIII century, the Genoese, seizing the lands of the peninsula and moving along the coast, successfully developed winemaking, making this area a major place for the wine trade. But the next rise was replaced by a period of desolation. The next decline awaited the vineyards in the 15th century with the fall of Genoese rule and the invasion of the Turks. The traditions of local winemaking will be revived in a completely different form and only at the beginning of the 19th century, through the works of amateur enthusiasts, including Count M.S. Vorontsov.

After so many years and so many blows of fate, in our time, Crimean winemakers are reviving the great history of local wines, planting more and more vines, working with European and local varieties, improving equipment and introducing proven world technologies. Already now, Crimean wines are reaching a fundamentally new level and, we are sure, the quality of local winemaking will only grow.

Varieties of Crimean wines

Among the Crimean wines, everyone is guaranteed to find something to their liking. After all, Crimean wines are not the same type of products, but completely different producers, varieties, technologies and price categories. Even with similar production methods, wines are obtained with their own special character. On the territory of the peninsula, you will find more than twenty different climatic zones, and the variety of soils, landscapes and terroirs make the grapes special and the wines made from them individual.

What wines can you taste in Crimea? In short, almost any! Young or aged, white or red, dry or sweet, light or fortified - choose and be sure to taste.

If you draw up some general classification of Crimean wines, then the list of items will turn out to be huge. So let's try to cover at least the most basic.

Table wines are one of the most alive and natural products. No alcohol or flavors - only grape juice. As the name implies, it is customary to serve them at the table and accompany the meal with them. You can try white, red or rosé table wines. Most often they are presented in dry varieties and contain no more than 0.3% sugar. And if you take semi-sweet or semi-dry, then sugar is not added to them, this is a natural sweetness obtained due to the increased sugar content in the berry itself. The percentage of alcohol in them is more often between 10 and 13 percent.

Fortified wines are another pride of Crimea. As the name implies, they have an increased strength. This means that alcohol is added to the wine during fermentation. They are divided, in turn, into strong and dessert ones. Strong port, Madeira or sherry, dessert Cahors, Muscat and Tokay - you've definitely heard these names, be sure to appreciate their Crimean incarnation!

For example, port wines are made using a special technology of heating pulp and wine materials, as well as subsequent aging. Port wines, although associated with Portugal, have a long history in the Crimean land. At the end of the 19th century, the first Russian ports were produced here. It was ports that became one of the first wines, the production of which was launched at the Bakhchisaray Exhibition and Convention Center, opened in 1963. Now there is a separate line of red and white ports here.

Sparkling wines are divided into ordinary, vintage and collection wines according to the duration of aging, brut, dry, semi-dry, semi-sweet and nutmeg according to the sugar content, as well as traditional and reservoir according to the production technology. There are also sparkling wines. It is a quiet wine with artificial addition of carbon dioxide.

By the way, cognac also has a direct relation to winemaking. After all, its basis is grape alcohols, which, again, are born in the Crimean vineyards. The cognacs of the Koktebel and Bakhchisarai factories are definitely worth your attention.

How to choose a quality wine?

One of the Crimean stereotypes is that you can buy wine from any taxi driver. Yes, you can, but you don't need to. Please do not take the risk of buying "house wine" from strangers and local markets. Unfortunately, no one can guarantee you the safety of such a product. Let's ditch this risky option and try to pick a good wine.

• Buy wine where you definitely will not run into a fake: in company stores, at a factory, in specialized stores of alcoholic beverages, wineries or proven large chains. The advice of a sales assistant can help you if you understand what you would like to try.
• Always pay attention to the storage conditions of the drink: if the room is too hot or damp, and the bottles are not horizontal, there is a risk of buying already spoiled wine. You will have to avoid supermarkets and budget stores, where violations of storage standards are common.
• The bottle itself should also be of high quality and well-designed. You need opaque glass to protect from the sun, a secure cork, and a permanently adhered label with all the information you need. If something is suspicious, it is better to avoid such a bottle.
• The label itself is worth reading. Pay attention to the composition, grape varieties, harvest year, compliance with GOST, manufacturer's data, the presence of an excise stamp, and so on. This will help detect falsification.
• Now there is another way to find a good wine - the PGI badge on the label. This means "wine with a protected geographical indication", that is, the harvest for it was harvested in the Crimea, and not brought in a cistern from distant countries.
• One of the important factors in choosing a quality wine is cost. Unfortunately, very cheap wine is rarely good.

Wines KHKZ "Bakhchisarai"

The Crimean Wine and Brandy Factory "Bakhchisaray" is one of the largest and oldest wine-making enterprises in Crimea. It has existed since 1963, and the traditions of Bakhchisarai winemaking themselves are counted for centuries! Back in the VI-XIV centuries AD, wines were successfully produced here and even traded with Europe, where Crimean wines were valued for their original aromas and tastes. Now a full-cycle enterprise is located in Bakhchisarai, a unique winery with European equipment and the highest quality standards.

Bakhchisarai has its own vineyards and new varieties are constantly being planted, so there is no risk of encountering an imported bulk, low-quality wine material or counterfeits.

The Bakhchisarai plant produces:

• six lines of first-class wines;
• four lines of cognac;
• natural apple ciders;
• original balms on Crimean herbs and aromatic plants.

Wines of the Bakhchisaray trademark are represented by the Crimean and Yuzhnaya series, a series of light wines and ports, as well as an elite author's collection. There is also a more affordable, but no less high-quality trademark "Legends of Ai-Petri". These are democratic wines from a blend of European grape varieties and cognacs.

1. The Crimean line reflects terrurar well - these are dry, semi-dry and semi-sweet red and white wines from European and autochthonous grape varieties.
2. Southern wines are represented by assemblages that perfectly reflect the Crimean flavor and perfectly match the local cuisine.
3. In the light series you will find semi-sweet varietal and blended wines with a low alcohol level - light and drinkable.
4. The author's line consists of noble wine drinks, unlike other wines of the peninsula. Fortified and sweet, semi-sweet and dry, red, white and pink - they will be remembered not only for their interesting names ("Khan's Palace", "Moonlight Sonata", "Janike" and so on), but also for their bright tastes and rich aromas.
5. The ports here are made red and white using the classic port technology. These are elite drinks, delicate and balanced.

Separately, we will highlight the fact that some wines are presented not only in classic bottles, but also in a volume of 375 ml, as well as in Bag in Box containers of 10 liters. All the same level of quality, but in a volume convenient for you to choose from!

Of course, you cannot taste the Bakhchisarai wines without missing out on the opportunity to appreciate local cognacs, as well as refreshing cider and invigorating balsam.

The best wines of Crimea

Wines "Bakhchisarai" can be safely recommended to friends and take home as a fragrant Crimean souvenir. But naturally, these are not the only quality products on the peninsula. If you want something authentic and different from the usual wines, take a look at the Crimean autochthonous varieties, the main value of local winemakers.

Primordially Crimean aboriginal varieties are often found here and they grow only here. Nowadays, experts count more than 70 of them. Of course, you will not find good wine from all of them, but some are definitely worth trying. If we talked about the Bakhchisarai Exhibition and Convention Center, then Bastardo Magarachsky is successfully cultivated here and original wines are made from it.

Choosing Crimean wines, you can always focus on older factories that have earned a reputation, experience, and consumer confidence.

Their list is familiar to many:

• "Magarach"
• "Massandra"
• "Bakhchisarai"
• "Golden beam"
• "Koktebel"
• "New World"
• "Sunny Valley"

You can always find something to your liking in their assortment. Many wineries lead excursions and tastings, so you can see everything with your own eyes, and make sure of the quality, and try something new.

What wines should you definitely try in Crimea? One of the most popular has long been called "The Seventh Heaven of Prince Golitsyn" from "Massandra". This white dessert wine has been produced since 1880, and includes interesting varieties - two types of Muscat and Kokur. A honeyed and interesting wine with a rich history.

Many have heard of the Black Doctor wine, which has been made here since 1933 from the local grapes of the same name. The name is associated with an interesting story about a French doctor who practiced wine therapy in the fight against cholera. This wine is somewhat reminiscent of port, but with a truly Crimean aftertaste!

I must say that in recent years in the Crimea there are many new trade marks, manufacturers, brands. It is not easy to understand among them, but some young wineries deserve no less attention than factories with history. For example, the first wines from the young Alma Valley economy appeared only in 2015, but have already been titled and noted with high awards at many world exhibitions and competitions.

In any case, you can only choose your ideal Crimean wine by trial, and we wish you to avoid mistakes! May all your wine-gastronomic experiments be successful, and Crimean wines become your favorite drinks in your home wine collection!

Aligote "Golden Beam"
It is made from the Aligote grape variety grown in the region of Balaklava. The moderately warm semi-humid climate and the proximity of the sea make this region one of the best for the production of vintage table wines.
The color of the wine is light golden. A delicate varietal shade, a slight piquant bitterness and a light caramel tone are noticeable in the bouquet and taste. The taste is delicate, full, harmonious, with a pleasant freshness.
The aging period is 1.5 years.

Aligote "Crimean"
It is made from the Aligote grape variety grown in the Sevastopol zone, as well as in the steppe and foothill regions of the Crimea.
Wine color from light straw to straw. The bouquet is delicate, delicate, with floral tones. On the palate there is a spicy bitterness with pleasant freshness.
The aging period is 2 years.
The strength of the wine is 10 - 12 vol.%, The acidity is 6 - 8 g / l.

Riesling "Crimean"
It is prepared from the Rhine Riesling grape variety in the Sevastopol zone, as well as in the steppe and foothill regions of the Crimea.
The wine has a straw-green color. The bouquet is pronounced varietal, resinous. The taste is light, harmonious, fresh, but at the same time quite extractive and moderately full.
The aging period is 2 years.
The strength of the wine is 10 - 12 vol.%, The acidity is 6 - 8 g / l.

Kokur "Nizhnegorsky"
It is made from the Kokur grape variety grown in the steppe Nizhnegorsk region.
The wine has an attractive color from light straw to golden and even dark golden hue. The bouquet is varietal, original, somewhat spicy, sometimes with a floral or honey tone. The taste is harmonious, with pleasant acidity, quite full.
The aging period is 2 years.
The strength of the wine is 10 - 11 vol.%, The acidity is 6 - 7 g / l.

Silvaner "Feodosiyskiy"
It is made from the Sylvaner grape variety grown on the slopes of the hills in the Feodosiya region.
The color of the wine is light golden. The bouquet is typical for the variety. The taste is quite full with a pleasant freshness.
The aging period is 2 years.
The strength of the wine is 10 - 12 vol.%, The acidity is 6 - 8 g / l.

Rkatsiteli "Inkermanskoe"
It is made from the Rkatsiteli grape variety grown in the Sevastopol zone.
The wine has a light golden color, freshness and bouquet characteristic of the Rkatsiteli variety.
The aging period is 2 years.
The strength of the wine is 10 - 13 vol.%, The acidity is 6 - 8 g / l.

Rkatsiteli "Vilino" (Kakhetian type)
It is made from the Rkatsiteli grape variety grown in the Bakhchisarai region.
Wine color from golden to amber. Floral bouquet with fruity tones. The taste is full, extractive, harmonious.
The aging period is 1.5 years.
The strength of the wine is 10 - 12 vol.%, The acidity is 5 - 7 g / l.

Table red "Ruby Magaracha"
It is made from Ruby Magaracha grapes with the addition of up to 30% Cabernet Sauvignon and Saperavi grapes. Grapes for wine are grown in the Foothill experimental farm of the Magarach Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking in Crimea.
Wine color from ruby ​​to dark ruby.
The aging period is 3 years. Produced since 1968.
The strength of the wine is 12 vol.%, The sugar content is not more than 0.3%.

White Muscat "South Coast"
For the preparation of this wine, there is a white Muscat grape grown on the southern coast of Crimea.
The wine is light amber in color with a golden hue. The bouquet has a characteristic nutmeg tone. The taste is fresh, harmonious, with sufficient fullness.
The aging period is 2 years.

Dessert white muscat [ ! ]
It is made from the White Muscat grape variety grown on the southern coast of Crimea.
The color of the wine ranges from light to dark golden. The bouquet has a developed nutmeg aroma and floral-resinous tones. The taste is delicate, full, harmonious.
The aging period is 2 years.

White Muscat "Castel" [ ! ] [ To ]
The unique liqueur wine was made from the White Muscat grape grown on mountain terraces around Castel Mountain.
The color of the finished wine resembles amber. The bouquet has a developed nutmeg aroma with a powerful bouquet of resinous tones. The taste is delicate, full, oily, harmonious. The wine impresses with its quality and originality.
The aging period is 2 years.
The strength of the wine is 13% by volume, the sugar is 23%.

White Muscat "Livadia" [ ! ]
This unique liqueur wine is made from the White Muscat grape variety grown on the southern coast of Crimea at the "Livadia" state farm.
The color of the finished wine resembles amber. The bouquet contains subtle honey tones of alpine meadows. The oily taste and amazing harmony of the wine bring a special pleasure.
The aging period is 2 years.
Strength of wine 13% vol., Sugar 27%.

Red Stone White Muscat [ ! ]
The pride of domestic winemaking is made from the White Muscat grape variety grown on the Gurzuf state farm; the label is decorated with the highest awards of the world.
The color of the wine is light amber-gold. The bouquet has a pronounced nutmeg aroma with very noticeable citron tones. The original bouquet and special tenderness of the taste make this wine unique.
The aging period is 2 years.
The strength of the wine is 13% by volume, the sugar is 23%.

White Muscat "Magarach" [ ! ]
It is made from the White Muscat grape variety grown on the southern coast of Crimea at the Magarach Institute.
The color of the wine is light amber with a golden hue. The wine is characterized by a strong and at the same time delicate nutmeg aroma with citron tones. On the palate - a pronounced liqueur character, thick, extractive, buttery.

Strength of wine 13 - 14% by volume, sugar 25% and higher.

White Muscat "Koktebel"
It is made from the white Muscat grape variety grown in the eastern part of Crimea at the Koktebel state farm.
Nice golden color of the wine. The bouquet has a pronounced varietal aroma. The taste is full, harmonious.
The aging period is 2 years.

Muscat pink "Massandra"
It is made from the pink Muscat grape variety grown on the state farms of the Massandra association.
The wine is light to dark pink in color. A varietal bouquet with a delicate aroma of rose petals and spicy honey shades. The taste is harmonious, fresh and pleasant.
The aging period is 2 years.

Pink Muscat "South Coast"
It is made from the pink Muscat grape variety grown on the southern coast of Crimea.
The color of the wine is garnet pink. The bouquet clearly has a nutmeg aroma with rose tones. The graceful structure of the bouquet gives this wine a special nobility. The taste is full, harmonious.
The aging period is 2 years.
Strength of wine 16% vol., Sugar 20%.

Muscat pink dessert [ ! ]
It is made from the pink Muscat grape variety on the southern coast of Crimea.
The color of the wine is amber pink. Muscat bouquet with Kazanlak rose aroma. The taste of wine is harmonious, full, extractive.
The aging period is 2 years.
The strength of the wine is 13% by volume, the sugar is 23%.

Muscat pink "Magarach" [ ! ]
It is made from the pink Muscat grape variety on the southern coast of Crimea at the Magarach Institute.
The color of the wine ranges from dark ruby ​​to amber-pink. A peculiarity of the aroma is the presence of tones of Kazanlak or Gallic rose. The taste is liqueur-like, full, oily, velvety.
The aging period is from 3 to 5 years.

Black Muscat "Massandra" [ ! ] [ To ]
The unique liqueur wine was made from the black Muscat grape variety (Kalyabsky) on the southern coast of Crimea at the Tavrida state farm.
The wine has a dark ruby ​​color with soft tints, like a precious crystal. The bouquet is complex, with spicy tones of nutmeg, prunes and a subtle scent of chamomile. The taste is bright and delicate, with a light chocolate shade.
The aging period is 2 years.

Pinot gris "South Coast"
It is made from the Pinot gris grape variety grown on the state farms of the Massandra association.
The color of the wine is golden, a dark apricot shade is allowed. A varietal bouquet with tones of aging. The taste is full, harmonious, buttery, with hints of rye crust.
The aging period is 2 years.
Strength of wine 16% vol., Sugar 20%.

Pinot gris "Karadag"
It is made from the Pinot Gris grape variety grown in the eastern part of Crimea at the Koktebel state farm.
The color of the wine is dark amber. The bouquet has a light aroma of rye crust. The taste is quite full and harmonious.
The aging period is 2 years.
Strength of wine 16% vol., Sugar 16%.

Pinot gris "Ai-Danil" [ ! ]
This unique dessert wine is made from the Pinot Gris grape variety grown in the Ai-Danil microdistrict of the Gurzuf state farm.
The wondrous color of the wine is dark amber with a pinkish-golden sheen. A peculiar bouquet with the aroma of freshly baked rye loaf crust and a subtle shade of fragrant quince. The taste is in complete harmony of fullness and oiliness.
The aging period is 2 years.
The strength of the wine is 13% by volume, sugar is 24%.

Pinot gris "Magarach" [ ! ]
Prepared from the Pinot Gris grape variety grown on the southern coast of Crimea at the Magarach Institute.
A distinctive feature in the color of the wine is dark golden, sparkling tones with a pink tint. The bouquet of the wine is pleasant, strong, of a dessert character, with tones of freshly baked rye loaf crust. The taste is delicate, despite the high extract and sugar content.
The aging period is 3 years.
Strength of wine 13 - 14 vol.%, Sugar 20%.

Tokay "Ai-Danil" [ ! ] [ To ]
The unique dessert liqueur wine was made from Gars Levelleu and Furmint grape varieties grown on the southern coast of Crimea at the Gurzuf state farm.
Wine color from golden to dark amber. The bouquet is delicate, specific, overwhelming with complexity and sophistication, a combination of quince jam tones with a subtle smell of freshly baked bread crust, subtle tones of fragrant herbs. The taste of the wine is distinguished by harmony, special oiliness, with a pleasant aftertaste.
The aging period is 4 years.
The strength of the wine is 13% by volume, sugar is 22-24%.

Tokay "Massandra"
The high-quality dessert wine is made from Tokay grape varieties with the addition of Kokura and White Muscat grown on the Massandra state farms.
Wine color from golden to dark golden. The taste is full, soft, harmonious with a wonderful long pleasant aftertaste of quince and pear.
The aging period is 2 years.
Strength of wine 16% vol., Sugar 20%.

"Ai-Serez" (Kagor type)
The wine is made from grape varieties Bastardo Magarachsky and Saperavi grown in the vineyards of the "Morskoy" state farm of the "Massandra" association.
Wine color from red to dark red. The bouquet is developed, original, well-formed. The taste is full, harmonious, with light tones of coffee, chocolate, cream.
The aging period is 2 years.
Strength of wine 16% vol., Sugar 16%.

Bastardo "Magarach" [ ! ]
It is prepared from the Bastardo Magarach grape variety on the southern coast of Crimea at the Magarach Institute.
The wine has a dark ruby ​​or dark garnet color with a lively sparkle that appears after aging. The bouquet is complex, with tones of milk cream, chocolate, prunes. The taste is full, soft, velvety.
The aging period is 3 years.
Strength of wine 13 - 14 vol.%, Sugar 20% and above.

Aleatico "Ayu-Dag" [ ! ]
The wine is made from the Aleatico grape variety grown on the slopes of Mount Ayudag at the Gurzuf state farm.
The color of the wine is garnet pink. Subtle, delicate, dessert aroma of the variety. The taste is full, harmonious.
The aging period is 2 years.

Kokur dessert "Surozh" [ ! ]
The valleys of Sudak are favorable for the growth of the local grape variety Kokur, from which wine is made at the Sudak state farm.
Wine color from golden to golden. Wine with a pleasant varietal bouquet, reminiscent of quince-honey tones. The taste is full and harmonious.
The aging period is 2 years.
Strength of wine 16% vol., Sugar 16%.

Seventh Heaven of Golitsyn
The wine has been prepared in Massandra since 1880 from the Kokur grape variety with the addition of white and pink Muscat.
The color of the wine is dark amber. The golden bouquet is bright, with honey, quince and peach tones. The taste is soft, harmonious, buttery.
The aging period is 2 years.
The strength of the wine is 16% vol., Sugar is 18%.

"Old Nectar"
The wine is made from the Rkatsiteli grape variety grown in the steppe and foothill regions of Crimea.
The color of the wine is dark golden. Honey tones are clearly expressed in the bouquet. The taste is full, harmonious.
The aging period is 3 years.
Strength of wine 16% vol., Sugar 16%.

"Carnelian of Taurida"
The wine is made from the Rkatsiteli grape variety grown in the Bakhchisarai region in the vineyards of the village of Vilino of the Magarach Institute.
Wine color from light golden to golden. In the bouquet, floral-honey tones are clearly expressed. The taste is harmonious, typical for white dessert wine.
The aging period is 2 years.
Strength of wine 16% vol., Sugar 16%.

Pedro "Crimean"
It is made from the Pedro Krymsky grape variety grown in the steppe and foothill farms of the Crimea.
Wine color from golden to dark golden. The bouquet is complex, with a subtle honey tone. The taste is soft, full, harmonious.
The aging period is 2 years.
Strength of wine 16% vol., Sugar 16%.

"Mascot"
The wine is made from the Traminer grape variety grown in the Sevastopol zone and in the vineyards of the Koktebel state farm.
The color of the wine is from light amber to amber, with a pink tint. The bouquet has a pronounced rose aroma. The taste is soft, delicate, harmonious.
The aging period is 2 years.
Strength of wine 16% vol., Sugar 16%.

Jubilee "Magarach"
The wine is made from grape varieties Ruby Magarach, Bastardo Magarach, grown in the Bakhchisarai and Dzhankoy regions in the vineyards of the Magarach Institute.
The color of the wine ranges from ruby ​​to dark ruby. The bouquet is complex, delicate, with characteristic tones of cream and prunes. The taste is full, harmonious.
The aging period is 2 years.
Strength of wine 16% vol., Sugar 16%.

"Sunny Valley" [ ! ]
It is made from local varieties of grapes Sary pandas, Kok sart, Sary kabakh, Tashly, Kokur grown on the state farm "Solnechnaya Dolina" of the Sudak region.
The color of the wine is from golden to dark amber with a pleasant soft reflection of pure gold. The bouquet is very complex. The aroma of peach is felt in it, which is replaced by a peculiar fruity aroma with a hint of medlar. The taste is peculiar - delicate with a hint of exotic fruits.
The aging period is 2 years.
Strength of wine 16% vol., Sugar 16%.

"Black Doctor" [ ! ]
The popular wine is made from local grape varieties Ekim kara, Lapa kara, Kefessiya, grown on the state farm "Solnechnaya Dolina".
The wine is dark garnet color. The bouquet is complex, with a range of harmoniously combined shades: cocoa chocolate, prunes and vanilla. The palate feels massive, velvety.
The aging period is 2 years.
Strength of wine 16% vol., Sugar 16%.

"Golden Field"
The wine is made from the Alicante grape variety grown on the state farm "Zolotoe Pole" in the Kirov region.
Wine color from ruby ​​to dark ruby. During three years of aging, the wine acquires an original bouquet with light chocolate tones. The taste is pleasant, velvety.
The aging period is 3 years.
The strength of the wine is 16% vol., Sugar is 18%.

Madera "Crimean"
It is made from Sabbat, Sersial, Verdello grape varieties grown in the vineyards of the Massandra association.
The color of the wine is dark amber. Madera tones are pronounced in the bouquet and taste.
The aging period is 4 years.
Alcohol 19% by volume, sugar 4%.

Sersial (Madeira type)
It is prepared from the Sersial variety with an admixture of Albillo and Verdello on the southern coast of Crimea at the Magarach Institute.
Wine color from golden to amber. A bouquet with pronounced tones of maderization and aging. The taste is delicate, harmonious, with a pleasant shade of roasted nut, somewhat pungent.
The aging period is 4 years.
The strength of the wine is 19.5% by volume, sugar is 3 - 4%.

Madera "Alminskaya"
Prepared from the Rkatsiteli variety grown in the vineyards of the Bakhchisarai region.
The color of the wine is from light golden to amber. The bouquet is complex, with pronounced tones of maderization, hardened nut. The taste is full, harmonious, with pleasant shades of roasted nut.
The aging period is 4 years.
The strength of the wine is 19.5% by volume, sugar is 5 - 6%.

Sherry "Crimean"
Prepared from grape varieties Rkatsiteli, Kokur, Aligote, Riesling grown in the vineyards of the Crimea.
The color of the wine is golden. The bouquet of the wine is complex, characteristic of the type of wine. Specific taste with a nutty tone.
The aging period is 3 years.
Alcohol 19% by volume, sugar 3%.

Sherry "Magarach" [ ! ]
It is made from grape varieties Sauvignon, Aligote and Rkatsiteli in Bakhchisarai and Dzhankoy districts.
Wine color from straw to golden. The type of wine is clearly expressed in the bouquet. The taste is full, harmonious, with a specific smack of roasted nut.
The aging period is 4 years.
The strength of the wine is 19.5% by volume, sugar is 2.5%.

Sherry strong dry
Prepared from Tokay grape varieties Pedro, Rkatsiteli, Kokur, Silvaner grown in the vineyards of the Crimea.
The color of the wine is light golden. The type of sherry is expressed in the bouquet. The taste corresponds to the type with a spicy bitterness.
The aging period is 3 years.
Strength of wine 19% vol., Sugar 0.2%.

Sherry strong sweet
Prepared from grape varieties Pedro, Rkatsiteli, Kokur grown in the vineyards of the Crimea.
Wine from golden to dark golden color. The bouquet has a pronounced type of sherry. The taste is full, harmonious, well-built.
The aging period is 3 years.
Strength of wine 19% vol., Sugar 9%.

Port white "Surozh"
Prepared from the Kokur variety and a mixture of European varieties growing in the Sudak region.
Wine color from golden to dark amber-gold. The wine has a stable bouquet, varietal aroma of Kokura, Tokay hue combined with fruit tones, full, harmonious taste.
The aging period is 3 years.
The strength of the wine is 17.5% by volume, the sugar is 9.5%.

Port white "South Coast" [ ! ]
The best representative among vintage white ports. It is made from grape varieties Aligote, Semillon, Pedro Jimenez and others grown on the plantations of the southern coastal state farms.
The color changes from light to dark amber and shimmers with invigorating warmth. The wine has a developed bouquet, dominated by fruit tones with a slight hint of almonds or roasted nuts. The mild taste is in harmony with the bouquet and leaves a lasting and pleasant aftertaste.
The aging period is 3 years.
Strength of wine 18 vol.%, Sugar 10%.

White port from Cabernet [ ! ] [ To ]
Unique strong vintage white wine. It was made from Cabernet Sauvignon grapes cultivated in the vineyards around the villages of Simeiz Massandra, Ai-Danil and the city of Alupka.
The color of honey amber, it has a uniquely complex bouquet with tones of subtropical fruits and a slight hint of bitter almond. The taste is soft, oily, harmonious, with a long pleasant aftertaste.
The aging period is 3 years.
Strength of wine 18 vol.%, Sugar 8%.

White port "Golden Fortune Arhaderesse"
It is made from grape varieties Kokur white, Rkatsiteli, native varieties Sara Pandas, Kok Pandas, Soldaya, Solnechnodolinsky, Kapselsky white and others grown on the state farm "Solnechnaya Dolina".
Wine color from light golden to dark golden. The bouquet is full, soft, harmonious, spicy honey with a slight astringency. Pronounced spicy honey tones are combined with the smell of bread crust and cocoa tones. Native varieties give the wine hints of oriental exotic fruits, while European varieties emphasize grace and harmony. The taste is full, harmonious, soft, with a persistent aftertaste.
The aging period is 3 years.

White port "Magarach"
It is made from grape varieties Rkatsiteli, Aligote and a mixture of European varieties growing in Bakhchisaray and Dzhankoy regions.
The color of the wine is from light golden to amber. The bouquet is typical of white port wine with fruity tones. The taste is full, harmonious, with a pleasant aftertaste.
The aging period is 3 years.

Port red "Crimean"
Prepared from red European grape varieties grown in the Crimea.
Wine color is garnet-ruby. Fruit tones are well expressed in the bouquet. Full, harmonious taste typical of red wines.
The aging period is 3 years.
The strength of the wine is 17.5% by volume, sugar is 10%.

Port red "Massandra" [ ! ]
It is made from the Mourvedre grape variety with the addition of high-quality red varieties Cabernet, Malbec, cultivated on the southern coast of Crimea.
Wine color from ruby ​​to pomegranate. In the bouquet, the specific tones of the Mourvèdre variety are pronounced. The taste is masculine, full, harmonious.
The aging period is 3 years.
The strength of the wine is 18.5% by volume, sugar is 6%.

Red port "South Coast" [ ! ]
It is made from Morastel, Saperavi, Cabernet grape varieties cultivated on the southern coast of Crimea.
The color of the wine is ruby ​​with a pomegranate hue. A well-formed bouquet with spicy and fruity tones. The palate is full and velvety, so characteristic of classic ports.
The aging period is 3 years.
Strength of wine 18 vol.%, Sugar 11%.

Port red "Black Colonel"
It is made from native grape varieties: Javat Kara, Ekim Kara, Kefessia, grown on the state farm "Solnechnaya Dolina". The name of the wine comes from the Javat Kara variety, which in translation from the Turkic dialect means black colonel.
The wine is colored in an elegant ruby ​​color. It features a complex bouquet with a delicate aroma of cream and chocolate. The taste is harmonious and velvety.
The aging period is 3 years.
Alcohol 17.5% by volume, sugar 11%.

Port wine red "Livadia" [ ! ]
The unique wine is made from the Cabernet Sauvignon variety grown on the southern coast of Crimea.
The wine captivates with its lively, dark garnet color. The bouquet has a delicate aroma of cherry pits and a pronounced morocco tone. The palate has amazing fullness and silky tenderness.
The aging period is 3 years.
Strength of wine 18.5% by volume, sugar 8%.

Port wine red "Magarach" [ ! ]
Prepared from grape varieties Bastardo, Ruby Magaracha, Merlot, Mourvedr grown in the grape zones of Bakhchisaray and Dzhankoy.
The color of the wine is dark red with a pomegranate hue. The bouquet has pronounced fruity tones with a cherry tint. The taste is full, harmonious.
The aging period is 3 years.
The strength of the wine is 17% by volume, sugar is 6%.

When discovering Crimea for the first time, one cannot ignore its famous vineyards and Crimean wine. We will tell you about the history of winemaking on this Black Sea peninsula and describe red, dry and semi-sweet wines of famous brands.

1 Wine of Crimea - from ancient times to modern production

The history of viticulture and winemaking on the Crimean Peninsula goes back to the 4th – 6th century BC. The grapevine was brought here by the ancient Greeks, who taught the local Taurus how to grow sun berries and make wine from it. This alcoholic drink was very popular on the Black Sea coast, and the city-states produced grape alcohol in such quantities that it was more than enough for their own consumption by the inhabitants of the Bosporan Kingdom and for export to other regions of the ancient world.

The technology for turning grapes into alcohol in those days looked like this:

1. The grapes were pressed in three stages - first on a stone platform with feet, then with a light press, then with a heavy one.
2. The resulting wort drained into large rectangular containers, where the juice was matured and alcoholized.
3. Then the alcohol was poured into pithos - clay vessels that were kept buried in the ground.
4. Sometimes the wine was condensed by boiling it down.

The most expensive drink was considered the first extraction.... Heavy-press alcohol was the least appreciated.

With the departure of the Greeks and Romans from the peninsula, winemaking, like viticulture, began to decline. And only many centuries later, after the annexation of Crimea to Russia, the industry began to revive rapidly. Prince L. Golitsyn put a lot of effort into this, in fact, who created anew the industrial production of grape wines. In Soviet times, the quality and popularity of local alcohol was preserved. The volume of the product was increased annually. Produced wine dry, red, white, semi-sweet, table and fortified drinks, cognac. Today the wine of the peninsula has become a real hallmark of the Crimea. It is successfully exported to the countries of Europe and America.

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2 Table wines of Crimea

Table brands are rightfully considered the most natural wines. They are made exclusively from grape juice without adding alcohol or other ingredients. Table wine cannot be aged for more than 2 years and the strength must not exceed 12%. Such alcohol is washed down with the dishes served to the table. They do not drink it separately, and even more so they do not eat it. This light liquor comes in red, white and pink.

All types of table wines are made in Crimea. Dry white wine Rkatsiteli, Riesling, Chardonnay, Sauvignon and Aligote are widely known. These brands are perfect for meat dishes, especially fried and cooked over the fire or in the grill. For example, we advise you to try to bake Dry red Cabernet, Alushta and Saperavi served with seafood, vegetable dishes, white meat. And dry pink Alkadar or Heraclea is combined with almost any dish. The most useful is red wine, which can be drunk daily without exceeding a dose of 0.4 liters per day. This drink serves as a good prevention of many diseases.

The sophisticated buyer can be offered dry red wine "Alushta", made at the association "Massandra" in the state farm "Alushta". It has a dark red color and complex morocco tones with aromas of mignonette and flowering grapes. The drink is not only pleasant to the taste, but also capable of having a beneficial effect on the human digestive system. OJSC "Solnechnaya Dolina", located near the resort town of Sudak, also produces excellent dry products. We advise you to try the brand "Sauvignon" with a mild taste and slight sourness. Dry goes well with fish, cheeses, cold snacks.

3 Massandra Fortified Drinks

Near Yalta, in the town of Massandra, unique grape wines are made from local grape varieties growing on 4 thousand hectares of plantations. Dry, and is also the pride of local winemakers. In contrast to table alcohol, in the manufacture of fortified alcohol, alcohol is used, which is added to the drink to stop fermentation. Fortified wines include:

• port wine,
• Madeira,
• sherry,
• Cahors,
• nutmeg,
• tokai.

Port "Krymskiy" is one of the best drinks on the Black Sea coast. This popular red has a ruby ​​color and a complex fruity bouquet. The taste is soft, harmonious. Alcohol content - 17.5%, sugar - 10%. This port is pleasant to drink. Its medicinal properties are also known. The drink has a bactericidal effect, improves immunity, improves digestion.

Madeira "Massandra" is magnificent in taste and bouquet.

It is made from three grape varieties and aged for five years in oak barrels, placed on sunny open-air areas. The drink tastes harmonious, slightly pungent, with pleasant tones of roasted nuts. It contains 19.5% alcohol, 3% sugar. Madera is an excellent aperitif, complemented by the "Solnechnaya Dolina" brand - red semi-sweet.

4 "Sun Valley" - a masterpiece of the art of winemaking

Crimean dry is known as an alcoholic drink made from grapes with an exquisite taste and rich bouquet. Low sugar content and medium strength allows it to be used in combination with various dishes. But, of course, everyone's taste preferences are different, and therefore lovers of sweeter drinks are certainly advised to try the brand of red semi-sweet "Solnechnaya Dolina". Why him?

Firstly, this alcohol is made from the best local, indigenous grape varieties with the addition of modern European varieties. Secondly, the finished drink is aged in special adits located at a depth of 60 meters. And thirdly, semi-sweet red "Solnechnaya Dolina", thanks to old technologies and the latest innovative methods, embodied all the best that local winemakers could give to winemakers.

Alcohol in the drink contains 10-13%, sugar only 0.3 g per 100 ml. The color is intense, ruby ​​with festive tones. The aroma is very warm, containing pronounced shades of berries and wildflowers. The taste is harmonious, without any sweetness. Semi-sweet wine "Solnechnaya Dolina" is ideal for vegetable dishes and tender meat. It is recommended to serve the drink chilled. Such alcohol is also suitable for.

The grape wines of the Crimean peninsula are very attractive not only for their quality and wide palette of taste and aroma, but also for their price ranges, which are very democratic and allow a large number of consumers to enjoy a real alcoholic drink.

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The history of winemaking in Crimea began over two millennia ago. The traditions of Greek, Genoese winemakers were brought to the territory of the peninsula along with overseas grape seedlings. The development of winemaking was not uniform - the industry either flourished or experienced decline, depending on historical events or fashion. During the reign of the Crimean Khanate, according to Muslim laws, the consumption and production of wine was punishable. Later, by the end of the 18th century, literally ten years after the entry of Crimea into the Russian Empire, the state tried in every possible way to help the development of viticulture, mainly by inviting foreign specialists. According to P.S. Pallas, the main reasons that hindered the development of local production were the dominance of foreign wines at a cheaper price and the negligence of workers. In the 19th century, the industry was also under the close scrutiny of the state, trying to stimulate it with subsidies, preferential distribution of land for vineyards and an increase in duties on foreign wines, as well as restrictions on their import. In this century, the main scourge of the industry was floods and the Crimean War, which took place in the territory of Kachi and Alma. In the XX century, significant damage was caused not by the Second World War, as many might think, but by the 1985 decree "On the fight against drunkenness and alcoholism." History has put everything in its place, and already 30 years after the merciless felling of vineyards in Crimea, production with big names continues to work successfully, and new private wineries are developing.

The Massandra Winery is the largest enterprise on the peninsula. It specializes in the production of dessert and fortified wines. This winery and its products are mentioned in both history books and poetry, but still it is most understandable to speak in numbers. The main basement was laid in 1984. The association includes 8 vineyards, the total area of ​​vineyards is 3870 hectares. The factory produced 65 wine brands in 2015, and plans to add another 17 brands. About 10 million bottles are bottled annually. A unique collection of wines from 800,000 bottles, 4 of which are from 1775, are listed in the Guinness Book of Records. In 1990, a bottle of Jerez de la Frontera of this vintage was sold at Sotheby's auction for $ 50,000. A visit to the basement of the parent plant is an exciting journey for both beginners and connoisseurs; a short course in the history of winemaking should certainly be continued with tasting. It starts with dry wines, but Massandra never really succeeded in them, the winery's real successes have always been in the production of dessert wines. One problem is that the winery is chasing fashion and trying to expand the selection of drinkable table wines in the struggle for the mass consumer. At the same time, their dessert wines are symbols of romance and spa adventures for many generations. After all, you cannot visit Crimea and not taste Red Stone Muscat - the king of dessert wines, about which legends are not in vain.

The largest manufacturer of the Sevastopol region, founded in 1961. Dry and table wines are their strong point. At the moment, the assortment of more than 30 brands of wine, including young wines, classic, as well as sparkling and dessert. The secondary winemaking plant was built on the basis of an underground quarry in the suburb of Sevastopol - Inkerman. The underground area of ​​Inkerman wine cellars, where up to 15 million liters of wine are simultaneously aged, is about 55 thousand square meters. Currently, the factory organizes regular tours with tasting. For those interested in classic winemaking, tours to the primary winemaking plant are also possible. It is an amazing feeling to get to know the experts whose work is put into every bottle of wine. The supply of wine material is carried out from 20 wine farms of the Crimea. The winery has recently released a separate line of SEVRE for fans of the Sevastopol region.

The name of the winery is not accidental, it is conditioned by the climatic - after all, here, in the Kapselskaya and Kozskaya valleys near Sudak, there are up to 300 sunny days a year. What kind of wine will be born in such a region rich on sunny days? Naturally a sugar-laden berry. The indigenous grape varieties, which have been growing here for tens of centuries, thrive on rocky soil in a place where there is little rainfall. Sabbat, Kefesia, Ekim Kara, Cevat Kara, Soldaya, White Kokur. These names are not as widely known as Cabernet and Aligote, but one of the pillars of Russian winemaking, Lev Golitsyn, experimented with might and main with this grape, adhering to his main motto: "Wine is a product of the area." The cellars, laid by Golitsyn in 1888, are called Arhaderesse, which translates as "old ravine". These wine cellars were built during the financial exhaustion of Golitsyn for Prince Gorchakov, the son of the last chancellor of Russia. Golitsyn easily saved money, using the local relief to widen and deepen the ravines over which the upper floors were built. At this time, wines with Gorchakov's labels had even more medals and regalia than the wines of Golitsyn himself. Later, due to a quarrel between the owner Gorchakov and the manager Golitsyn, again for financial reasons, Golitsyn was removed from management, but the wide plantings of vineyards remained, thereby determining the further fate of the valley. Solnechnaya Dolina earned legendary fame because of the popular Soviet wines "Black Doctor" and "Black Colonel". It is still not clear whether the legend is that during Prohibition the entire population of Ekim Kara, the grapes from which these dessert brands were created, were destroyed. But the agronomists and winemakers of the Sun Valley argue that the grapes have survived all the difficulties, and now they continue to produce wines using these varieties.

S. Almond, Crimea

A company with a 20-year history, named after the childhood memories of the co-founders of their childhood in a pioneer camp near Alushta. The company's vineyards are located in the Balaklava region, in the Kachi region, and in the Bakhchisaray region, in the village of Dolinnoye, production has been established. A basic line of still drinking wines under the Satera brand is presented, created from purchased wine material: Merlot, Pinot Noir, Cabernet and Chardonnay varietal, as well as blended wines: red dry and semi-sweet (Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot) and white dry and semi-sweet (Rkatsiteli and Aligote) ... Also, since 2013, their own vineyards have been bearing fruit, which have gained popularity for the Esse trademark, in which the highly recommended ones are Chardonnay, Cabernet, Riesling, Muscat and Rose. A novelty in 2015 was a collection of matured wines in the premium segment from new vineyards in the Kacha Valley, under the same name Kacha Valley, now these are blends of Malbec and Petit Verdot.

Oleg Repin, an oenologist at the Satera winery, is now also promoting his own brand. Letting out about 2000 bottles a year and planting 2 hectares of vineyards in the Belbek Valley, he has already gained his army of admirers. The first vintages of 2012–2013, created from wine materials purchased from the Sudak state farms, are almost impossible to find. His wines are personal works, aged in Carpathian oak. Oleg Repin's wines can be tasted and bought at the Ostrov restaurant in Sevastopol, in the wine boutique in Yevpatoria and in the Vino and Cheese store on the road between Yalta and Alushta. And you can also come to visit the winemaker for tasting in different formats.

Crimea, Belbek valley

The only distillery in Crimea that fully adheres to the principles of biodynamic winemaking. Having arrived here, you need to forget everything that you previously knew about wine and grapes and listen, watch, and understand everything anew. In the Bakhchisarai region, in the village of Rodnoe, there are the vineyards of Pavel Shvets. The winner of the First Russian Sommelier Competition, born in Sevastopol, here he makes his dream come true. Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling, Gewurztraminer, Muscat, Chardonnay, as well as Barbera, exotic for our country, grow on 10 hectares of picturesque vineyards. The first seedlings purchased from the famous Burgundy nursery were planted in 2007. A young team is working here, strictly following the ideology of Pavel Shvets: no pesticides and fertilizers, except organic ones, a minimum of sulfur to stabilize the wine. Naturally, all the wines produced here belong to small editions, therefore their cost is appropriate. Uppa, the name of the distillery is the Tatar name of the village of Rodnoe. The vineyards are not so easy to reach, the rural mountain road shows that the creators did not strive to make this place a tourist destination, but wine lovers and wine experts have been walking the path for many years without complaints to enjoy the excellent wines, the quality of which is due, not least, to the unique terroir of the Chernaya river.

This modern winery is located in the village of Ai-Danil, near Yalta. Winemakers with extensive experience and knowledge of the local terroir work here. The vineyard was rented in 2005 from the Massandra winery, the Gurzuf enterprise, but do not think about competition, because the mission of this Chateau is to create excellent dry wines. Based on old photographs, the basement and the buildings of the winery were restored. Thanks to modern technologies, a landslide was completely stopped, which practically destroyed the Vorontsov cellars at the beginning of the 20th century. The first vintages were processed already in 2009, since then the distillery's assortment has been reduced to polished 9 items. It is quite difficult to produce dry wines in South Crimea, but winemakers are coping with this challenge, which is posed by unstable weather conditions, and are winning. The names of the wines were taken from the Italian language. To get an impression of the wines from Ai-Danil, you need to try, first of all, the pink semi-sweet from the Rosso da Sole nutmeg and the red dry Tramonto, which means "evening dawn".

http://bestruswines.ru/our_company/our_company.php

Shadow, 20, Crimea, Yalta, town. Gurzuf, village Danilovka

The winery is located in the village of Vilino, north of Sevastopol. The line of their wines is divided into five categories: basic, seasonal or special cuvées, varietal, reserve and Ice Wine. The vineyards were founded in 2008, the winery was fully commissioned with new equipment in 2013. And despite such youth, Alma has already gained her admirers. The winery reached a capacity of up to 3 million bottles per year. Separately, it should be noted that Shiraz and Tempranillo, produced by the plant, stand out among the typical European and aboriginal grape varieties commonly cultivated in Crimea. In parallel with the Magnit chain, a budget brand has been launched with the same name as the village in which the vineyards are located. Lovers of wine tourism are always welcome here, however, it is necessary to make an appointment in advance and organize an individual tour and tasting, because the schedule of group tastings has not yet been formed on an ongoing basis.

It is not for nothing that the valley in the Balaklava region bears the name Zolotaya Balka - after all, a very valuable soil for winemakers who create sparkling wines lies here. 1400 hectares of vineyards located here belong to the Zolotaya Balka enterprise, which produces sparkling wines from wine materials from its own vineyards. The uniqueness of the chernozem soil with a high lime content determines the lightness, minerality and acidity of the final product. The main variety is aligote. The first cellar on the territory of Balaklava was laid in 1889 by Major General Alexander Vitmer, the first local wine won the Grand Prix in 1900 at a blind tasting in Paris. The brand "Soviet Champagne" appeared thanks to the efforts of Anastas Mikoyan, who convinced Stalin of the need to establish mass production, a special method was developed at the Magarach Institute that uses an accelerated technology for creating sparkling wines - acrotophores, which means that champagne wine takes place in hermetically sealed tanks, not bottles ... Winery "Zolotaya Balka" produces about 4.5 million bottles of wine per year, and winemakers claim that the biochemical processes of champagne do not depend on the fermentation method, and this method is even better suited for muscat varieties. Launched a premium line featuring a black label.

Mentioned above more than once, Lev Sergeevich Golitsyn wanted to make wine in Crimea using French technology. Having bought an estate in a beautiful corner of the Crimea in 1878 and laid adits for aging, Lev Sergeevich discovered that the grapes grown on his lands were not suitable for champagne. However, by that time, the cellars had already been built, and equipment had been purchased. They began to carry wine materials from Sevastopol by sea. Such a project was economically unprofitable and therefore did not bring profit to Golitsyn for some time. The enthusiasm of the talented winemaker did not dry out, and by 1896 his champagne was already so popular that it was even served during the coronation of Nicholas II. And during one of the dinners, Count Chandon even confused it with his Moet & Chandon champagne, although perhaps this is another local wine-making legend. In the New World, wine is still produced according to traditional French technology, with aging in a bottle. This is a very complicated and time-consuming process: first, the wine lies horizontally, sealed with a plastic stopper with an iron bracket. The wine spends in this way in the cellar, built by Golitsyn himself in the Koba-Kaya rock, for at least 3 years, during this time, in order to avoid adhesion of sediment, the wine is transferred at least 4 times, naturally, doing it by hand. After the end of the aging period, the bottles are sent on trolleys to the remuage specialists. Remuage is a technological operation, the meaning of which is to reduce the sediment to the cork. To do this, the wines are also manually placed on special music stands, gently tapping on the shoulders of the bottle and changing position, this painstaking process takes up to two months. The next process is no less important and scrupulous - disgorgement, removal of the plug along with the sediment. Even in French factories, machines are now doing this, while in the New World, women degorgers still carry out most of the operations. Compliance with technology is an honor of the New World winemakers. Currently, the line of the New World includes more than 10 cuvées, and even one variety, as close as possible in composition to the very Coronation. The winery produces about 1 600 000 bottles a year, developing wine tourism.

Chaliapin, 1, Crimea, pos. New World

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